译文：
一、平衡阀 平衡阀正确地理解应为水力工况平衡用阀。从这一观念出发一切用于水力工况平衡的阀门如调节阀、减压阀、自力式流量控制阀、自力式压差控制阀都应看成水力工况平衡用阀——平衡阀。而市场上称为平衡阀的产品，仅是附加了流量测试功能的一种手动调节阀。 静态平衡阀是指手动调节阀或手动平衡阀。动态平衡阀是指自力式流量控制阀和自力式压差控制阀。自力式流量控制阀也曾称作自力式流量控制器、自力式平衡阀。自力式压差控制阀在北欧也称为Automotic Balamce Valve即自动平衡阀。 二、水力工况和水力工况平衡 一般地说供热、空调的管网都是闭路循环的管网，其水力工况是指系统各点的压力，各管段的流量、压差。由公式△P=SG2 △P——压差或称阻力损失 S——管段或系统的阻力系数 G——管段或系统的流量 可知，流量和压力是相关参数，流量和压力的调控互为手段和目的。减压手段是减少上游管路的流量；减少流量也必湎是减少管路前点的压力或增加管路后点的压力。流量变化必然导致压力的变化；S值不变的系统，压差的变化必然起因于流量的改变。因此说没有一咱不影响压力的流量控制阀，也没有一种不影响流量的压力控制阀。 水力工况平衡是指流理的合理分配。在供热和空调管网中，水是热载体介质，水流量的合理分配是热力工况平衡的基础。以供热系统为例，设计者在进行水力工况计算时在各分支流量为设计值的假想情况下进行的。由于管材及{zg}流速成的限制，设计上实现水力平衡几乎是不可能的。这样势必造成近端阻力系数不能达到设计理想状态，形成近端流量过大，远端流量不足的失调现象。 由于水力工况设计成了一个设计水压图，而实际运行时这一水压图必须由阀门平衡调节而形成。用阀门调节水力工况的过程是建立合理水压图的过程，在设计合理的情况下，这两个水压图会会合得很好。 由于运行水力工况是水泵的工作曲线与外网特性曲线交点形成的。 对于外网特性曲线△P=SG2，由于并联的近端支路S值会小于设计值，造成总S值远小于设计值，循环水泵在小扬程大流量工况下运行，使水泵在大轴功率，低效率点运行。严重时可能出现轴功率大于电机铭牌功率，电机超额定电流，直至烧电机事故发生。 调网的过程就是用平衡阀增加近端阻力，使近端支路S值增大至设计值，总S值增大至设计值。使远近流量分配均匀合理，循环水泵在设计工况下运行，达到节热、节电，提高供热质量的目的。 运行岗们工作者常对一些水力工况失衡现象形成误解： （1）水泵出力不足，水泵实际扬程小于铭牌扬程，导致辞末端过不去水。 实际上是由于近端支线阻力小、流量大，造成远端流量小，水泵工作点偏移在大流量、小扬程、低效率的工作点。 （2）锅炉或换热器阻力大，所有锅炉或换热器厂商标称阻力都远小于实际阻力。 实际上总循环水量的加大必然导致辞锅炉换热器等阻力加大。水流量增大40%，阻力增加{bfb}。 （3）锅炉出力不足,实际上流量加大后供回水温差不可能更大。当然煤质和风系统不正常也可能造成锅炉出力问题。

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原文：
First, balance valve Balancing valve should be understood correctly balance the use of hydraulic valve condition. Proceeding from this idea of all the conditions for the balance of hydraulic valves such as valves, pressure reducing valve, operated flow control valves, self-operated pressure control valve should be used as hydraulic valve condition balance - balance valve. Balancing valve on the market as products, only a test function attached to a manual flow control valve. Static balancing valve is manual control valve or manual balancing valve. Dynamic Balance valve is operated flow control valve and self-operated pressure control valve. Self-operated flow control valve also called a self-operated flow control, Self-balancing valve. Self-operated pressure control valve in Northern Europe, also known as Automotic Balamce Valve automatically balancing valve. 2, hydraulic conditions and water balance conditions Generally heating, air-conditioned closed loop pipe network are all pipe network, and its hydraulic system condition is the pressure point, the pipe flow, pressure. By the formula △ P = SG2 △ P - pressure, or pressure drop S - pipe or system of the drag coefficient G - pipe or system of traffic Known, flow and pressure parameters, flow and pressure regulation means and objectives of each other. Decompression means is to reduce the flow of the upstream pipeline; reduced flow will also reduce the pipeline before the point of drunk are pressure or increase the pipeline pressure after the point. Traffic changes will inevitably lead to pressure changes; S values of the same system, will inevitably cause changes in pressure in the flow changes. So that no one Zan does not affect the pressure flow control valve, and no one kind of pressure does not affect the flow control valve. Hydraulic equilibrium condition is a reasonable distribution of flow management. In the heating and air conditioning pipe network, the water is heat carrier medium, the rational distribution of water flow is the basis of thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. To heating system, for example, designers of hydraulic conditions during the calculation flow in all branches of the design value of the imaginary circumstances of the. Since the maximum flow rate into the pipe and restrictions designed to achieve water balance is almost impossible. This is bound to the proximal drag coefficient can not meet the design ideal, the formation of the proximal flow excessive, inadequate distal flow imbalances. As the hydraulic pressure condition design into a design plan, but the actual run-time the pressure balance valve adjustment plan must be formed. Hydraulic condition with the valve adjustment process is to establish a reasonable pressure diagram of the process, proper design, the two pressure diagram will converge very well. As running water is the water pump working conditions outside the network of curves and intersection curves formed. For the external network characteristic curve △ P = SG2, as the proximal branch parallel S value less than the design values, resulting in the total value of S is much less than the design, circulation pump in a small lift and large flow condition to run, so that pump in the shaft power, low-efficiency point of operation. Severe cases may be greater than the motor nameplate power shaft power, motor over-constant current, until the burning motor accidents. Net adjustment to increase the process is to use balancing valve proximal resistance to slip S value increases proximal to the design value, the total S value increases to the design value. Uniform flow distribution to a reasonable distance, circulating water pumps run at design conditions, to heat-saving, energy saving, improve heating quality. Workers often run the gang are some imbalances in the formation of the hydraulic conditions misunderstanding: (1) insufficient pump output, pump head is less than the actual head plate, leading to resign at the end make life difficult for the water. Fact is due to proximal extension resistance, traffic, causing a small remote flow, pump flow rate operating point shift in large, small head, low efficiency operating point. (2) The boiler or heat resistance of large, boiler or heat exchanger manufacturers are far less than the actual nominal resistance of the resistance. Actually increase the total water cycle will inevitably lead to address the resistance to increase the boiler heat exchanger. Water flow increased 40%, resistance increased {bfb}. (3) lack of boiler output, in fact, after the supply and return water flow temperature can increase more. Of course, coal and wind systems are not normal may also contribute to the problem caused by the boiler.