译文：

闸阀介绍:闸阀的启闭件是闸板，闸板的运动方向与流体方向相垂直，闸阀只能作全开和全关 , 不能作调节和节流。闸板有两个密封面 , 最常用的模式闸板阀的两个密封面形成楔形、楔形角随阀门参数而异 , 通常为 50, 介质温度不高时为 2°52’ 。楔式闸阀的闸板可以做成一个整　体，叫做刚性闸板；也可以做成能产生微量变形的闸板 , 以改善其工艺性 , 弥补密封面角度在加工过程中产生的偏差 , 这种闸板叫做弹性闸板。 　　闸阀关闭时 , 密封面可以只依靠介质压力来密封 , 即依靠介质压力将闸板的密封面压向另一侧的阀座来保证密封面的密封，这就是自密封。大部分闸阀是采用强制密封的 , 即阀门关闭时，要依靠外力强行将闸板压向阀座 , 以保证密封面的密封性。 　　闸阀的闸板随阀杆一起作直线运动的，叫升降杆闸阀 ( 亦叫明杆闸阀)。通常在升降杆上 有梯形螺纹，通过阀门顶端的螺母以及阀体上的导槽，将旋转运动变为直线运动 , 也就是将操作转矩变为操作推力。 　　开启阀门时，当闸板提升高度等于阀门通径的1：1倍时，流体的通道xx畅通，但在运行时，此位置是无法监视的。实际使用时，是以阀杆的顶点作为标志，即开不动的位置，作为它的全开位置。为考虑温度变化出现锁死现象 , 通常在开到顶点位置上 , 再倒回 1/2－1圈 , 作为全开阀门的位置。因此 , 阀门的全开位置，按闸板的位置（即行程〉来确定。 　　有的闸阀 , 阀杆螺母设在闸板上，手轮转动带动阀杆转动 , 而使闸板提升 , 这种阀门叫做旋转杆闸阀或叫暗杆闸阀。 闸阀具有以下优点： 流体阻力小 , 密封面受介质的忡刷和侵蚀小。 开闭较省力。 介质流向不受限制 , 不扰流、不降低压力。 形体简单 , 结构长度短，制造工艺性好，适用范围广。 闸阀的缺点如下： 密封面之间易引起冲蚀和擦伤，维修比较困难。 外形尺寸较大，开启需要一定的空间，开闭时间长。 结构较复杂。 　　闸阔的种类 ,按密封面配置可分为楔式闸板式闸阀和平行闸板式闸阀 , 楔式闸板式闸阀又可 分为 : 单闸极式、双闸板式和弹性闸板式；平行闸板式闸阀可分为单闸板式和双闸板式。按阀杆的螺纹位置划分，可分为明杆闸阀和暗杆闸阀两种。 闸阀的安装与维护应注意以下事项： 1.手轮、手柄及传动机构均不允许作起吊用，并严禁碰撞。 2.双闸板闸阀应垂直安装（即阀杆处于垂直位置 , 手轮在顶部 )。 3.带有旁通阀的闸阀在开启前应先打开旁通阀（以平衡进出口的压差及减小开启力 )。 4.带传动机构的闸阀，按产品使用说明书的规定安装。 5.如果阀门经常开关使用 , 每月至少润滑一次。 　

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原文：
Valve Description: The opening and closing pieces are gate valve, gate movement direction and the direction perpendicular to the fluid, valve can only be fully open and fully closed, can not be adjusted and the throttle. Ram has two sealing surface, the most common mode of gate valve sealing surface formed two wedge, wedge angle varies with the valve parameters, usually 50, the medium temperature is not high when 2 ° 52 '. Wedge gate valve of the gate can be made into a whole, called the rigid gate; also be made to produce micro-deformation of ram, in order to improve its process of, to make up the sealing surface angle deviations arising during processing, such gate is called the flexible gate. Valve closed, sealing surface can only rely on media pressure to seal, in which the medium pressure to ram pressure to the other side of the sealing surface of the valve seat to ensure the sealing surface of the seal, which is a self-sealing. Most of the valve is sealed by force, that the valve is closed, to rely on external pressure to force the gate to the seat, to ensure the sealing surface of the seal. The gate valve with the valve stem with a straight line, and called the lift rod valve (also called clear shot valve). Usually lift rod with trapezoidal thread, through the valve body on top of the nut and the guide slot, the rotary motion into linear motion, which is the operating torque thrust into action. Open the valve, when the gate valve lift height is equal to 1:1 times the diameter, the fluid channel completely smooth, but at run time, this position is not monitored. Actual use, is the culmination of the stem as a symbol, which means that the fixed position, as its fully open position. Temperature appears to consider locking phenomenon, usually open to the vertex position, and then rewind 1/2-1 circle, as the fully open valve position. Therefore, the valve fully open position, according to gate position (ie, travel> to determine. Some valve, located in the ram on the stem nut, hand-driven wheel rotating valve stem rotation, Er Shi ram upgrade, this valve is called the rotating rod valve or valve called the dark bar. Valve has the following advantages: Fluid resistance, sealing surface by the medium's sad little brush and erosion. Turn more effort. Medium flow unrestricted, non-spoiler, do not reduce the pressure. Simple form, structure, short length, good manufacturing process, application scope. Valve defects are as follows: Between the sealing surface could easily cause erosion and abrasion, maintenance more difficult. Larger dimensions, requires a certain open space, opening and closing a long time. Structure is more complex. Gate width of the species, according to the sealing surface configuration can be divided into wedge gate-type valve and parallel gate-type valve, wedge gate-type valve can be divided into: single-gate type, dual gate plate and the flexible gate-type; parallel gate-type valve can be divided into single-ram type and double plate. Position by the valve stem threads are divided into clear and dark bar bar gate valve two. Valve installation and maintenance should note the following: 1. Handwheel, handle and drive mechanism for lifting are not allowed to use, and forbid the collision. 2. Gate Valve should be mounted vertically (ie valve stem in a vertical position, the hand wheel at the top). 3. With the bypass valve opens the valve in the bypass valve opening should be preceded by (in order to balance imports and exports and reduce the pressure opening force). 4. Belt drive mechanism of the valve, according to the provisions of product installation instructions. 5. Frequently switch to use if the valve, lubrication at least once a month.

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