译文：
随着市场竞争的日益激烈，提质降耗、高产高效已经成为各企业生产管理的重要目标。而作为管路输送源动力的各类饮料泵的安装与维护，已经成为影响整线效率的关键因素。因此，全面了解泵的安装与维护，对于稳定生产效率有着极其重要的作用。下面对饮料泵的安装维护及局部改进做一下简略阐述。 一、饮料泵机体与管路的安装与维护 1、首先是基础的安装，应注意以下几点问题； （1）安装的基座表面必须平整、清洁并能承受相应的载荷； （2）在需要固定的地方要使用地脚螺栓； （3）对于垂直安装的泵，地脚螺栓必须有足够的强度； （4）如果垂直安装，电机必须位于水泵上方； （5）当固定在墙上时，要注意找正，对中； 2、其次是管路的安装。在泵的安装过程中，管路的选位、管径的配比、阀门位置的选择等对泵的运行效果有着直接的影响，因此在安装管路时应做到： (1)不要用水泵或其连接部位支撑管路； (2)合理使用力矩、辅材和工具，避免过大的力和角度偏差； (3){jd1}避免泵受到扭曲，CN型泵联轴器必须对中； (4)如果管道的作用力太大，会引起泄漏及叶轮与泵壳的摩擦； (5)在安装前，一定要去除水泵进出口的封口塑料纸和管道上的塑料帽； (6)入口管路必须是密闭的，并且不能有积气的地方，否则要加排气阀； (7)考虑到汽蚀，入口管线中避免阻力大的弯头和阀门； (8)系统的阻力不得大于水泵的扬程； (9)管路的公称直径要大于等于水泵管路的连接尺寸； (10)在入口管线上装切断阀，并保证在泵工作时常全开，在出口管线上装切断阀，可用来调节流量。 3、饮料泵安装完毕后，在运行维护中也应注意几点问题，具体如下： （1）水泵的工况必须符合水泵的操作调节（压力、温度和介质等）； （2）当输送有毒的物质时，在启动水泵前要仔细检查； （3）在泵启动前要排气； （4）系统充水或排气时，水泵也能同时充水和排气； （5）首次启动泵或长期不用时，要用手盘车确认其灵活性； （6）严禁干转！ （7）对于立式安装的水泵，须有一个密封泄漏排放点，当有泄漏时，要及时检查机械密封并在必要时更换； （8）调整出口阀门以保证水泵的工作点，防止过载； （9）禁止闭阀运行水泵超过30秒； （10）正常使用条件下，运行15,000小时～20,000小时要更换轴承; （11）长期在户外使用时，运行5,000小时须更换轴承； （12）运行1,500小时要润滑V形圈。 二、机械密封的安装与改进 1、安装 在饮料泵的结构中，机械密封是精度{zg}且安装要求最精密的部分。如果机械密封在安装过程中处理不当，将会影响密封的使用寿命，并可导致饮料泵在运行过程中出现突然泄漏，从而影响整线的生产效率。 机械密封分为动环和静环两部分，一般使用的材质为石墨、渗碳树脂、碳化钨、陶瓷等材料，其运行过程是通过动静环相对高速运转完成的，动静环的表面精度非常高，通常要达到0.8mmRa。基于结构及材料的考虑，在机械密封安装之前，应查看动静环接触表面是否有损伤或存在裂痕，并用清洁的软布将动静环表面擦拭干净。安装时，首先要xx静环安装槽底部和侧面的水垢及污渍，然后将静环平稳地放入安装槽内，保证静环与槽底部充分接触，避免出现静环的轴向晃动，同时应特别注意在安装静环过程中随时保持其表面的清洁，{zh1}将动环缓慢放入，轻轻左右旋转动环，观察动静环表面接触情况，当确认动静环严密接触后，将叶轮放入锁紧螺栓完成机械密封的安装。在启动试车时，有以下几点需要注意： （1）如果使用串联或背靠背机械密封，必须保证密封/冲洗液畅通； （2）对于背靠背的机械密封，在起泵前要保证密封/冲洗液高于泵内压1.5bar～2bar(内压＝系统压力＋泵压力)； （3）调节密封/冲洗液的流量，温度小于60℃并绝不能超过沸点，温差不超过15℃； （4）对于串联机械密封，在启动前要保证无压的密封/冲洗液； （5）当介质中含有固体颗粒时，冲洗液直接排放。

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原文：
With the increasingly fierce market competition, raise quality and reducing consumption, high-yielding and efficient production and management of enterprises has become an important goal. As a source for various types of pipes conveying beverage pump installation and maintenance, has also become a key factor in the efficiency of the entire line. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the pump installation and maintenance, for stability and production efficiency has an extremely important role. The following pump installation and maintenance of the drinks and local improvement to do something briefly described. 1, beverage pump body and pipeline installation and maintenance of 1, first of all is the foundation of the installation, should pay attention to the following issues; (1) The installation of the base of the surface must be smooth, clean and can withstand the corresponding load; (2) the need to use a fixed local anchor bolts; (3) For the vertical installation of pumps, anchor bolts must be sufficient strength; (4) If the vertical installation, motor must be located above the pump; (5) When fixed to the wall, we should pay attention to find positive, right in; 2, followed by pipeline installation. In the pump installation process, the pipeline selection bit, diameter ratio, valve position choices effect the operation of the pump has a direct impact, so installation of pipelines should be done: (1) Do not use pumps or its supporting pipe joints; (2) the rational use of torque, DPM, and tools to avoid excessive force and angle of deviation; (3) the absolute to avoid the pump is distorted, CN-pump coupling must be in; (4) If the pipe too much force will cause leakage and impeller and the pump shell friction; (5) prior to installation, be sure to remove the water pump seal import and export of paper and plastic pipe plastic cap; (6) The entrance pipe must be sealed, and can not have accumulated gas in place, otherwise, it should increase exhaust valve; (7) taking into account the cavitation, the entrance resistance of pipelines to avoid a big bend and valves; (8) system shall not be greater than the resistance of lift pumps; (9) the nominal diameter pipeline to be greater than or equal pump piping connection size; (10) upload pipeline shut-off valve at the entrance, and to ensure that the work is often in the pump fully open, upload in the export pipeline shut-off valve can be used to regulate traffic. 3, beverage pump installed after the operation and maintenance also should pay attention to a few points, as follows: (1) The pump must meet the conditions regulating the operation of pumps (pressure, temperature and media, etc.); (2) When the transport of toxic substances, the pump before you start double-check; (3) in the pump to start before the exhaust; (4) water-filled or exhaust system, the pump can be filled at the same time water and exhaust; (5) The first time you start a pump or a long-term need, we should hand drive vehicle to confirm their flexibility; (6) is strictly prohibited stem turn! (7) for vertical installation of pumps, there must be a seal leak discharge point, when there are leaks, you should promptly check the mechanical seal and, when necessary, replaced; (8) to adjust the pump outlet valve to ensure that the working point, to prevent overload; (9) prohibits the closed valve to run water pumps more than 30 seconds; (10) under the conditions of normal use, running 15,000 hours ~ 20,000 hours to replace bearings; (11) Long-term use in outdoor, running 5,000 hours required to replace bearings; (12) runs 1,500 hours to lubricate V-shaped ring. Second, mechanical seal installation and improvement of 1, the installation Structure in the beverage pump, mechanical seal is the most accurate and the most sophisticated part of the installation requirements. If the mechanical seal during the installation process not handled properly, will affect the life of seal, and can lead to beverage pump in a sudden leak during operation, thereby affecting the entire line of production efficiency. Dynamic mechanical seal ring and stationary ring is divided into two parts, the general use made of graphite, cementite resin, tungsten carbide, ceramics and other materials, its operation process is a relatively high speed through the static and dynamic ring completed, the surface accuracy of dynamic and static ring is very high , usually to achieve 0.8mmRa. Based on structural and material considerations, in the mechanical seal installation, you should see whether there are dynamic and static ring contact surface damage or the existence of cracks, and use a clean soft cloth to wipe clean the surface of dynamic and static ring. Installation, we must first clear the static ring groove at the bottom and side to install the scale and stains, and then smoothly into the installation of stationary ring tank to ensure the stationary ring and the groove at the bottom of the full contact ring to avoid static axial shaking, taking special attention to the installation at any time during the stationary ring to keep its surface clean, and finally moving slowly into the ring and gently move around rotating ring to observe the dynamic and static ring surface contact situation, when the dynamic and static ring close contact with confirmed, it will lock into the impeller tight bolts to complete the installation of mechanical seals. When you start testing, the following points require attention: (1) If the use of mechanical seals in series or back to back, you must ensure that sealing / flushing fluid flow; (2) For the mechanical seal back to back, in the pump before starting to ensure that sealing / flushing fluid above the pump pressure 1.5bar ~ 2bar (internal pressure = system pressure + pump pressure); (3) adjustable sealing / flushing fluid flow, the temperature is less than 60 ℃, and must not exceed the boiling point, temperature does not exceed 15 ℃; (4) For tandem mechanical seals, in the pre-boot to ensure that non-pressure sealing / washing fluid; (5) When the medium containing solid particles, the rinse fluid directly discharged.