译文：
热水供热系统是热用户、热网和热源及循环水泵所构成的一个复杂的整体系统。为了使投运的循环水泵能在高效区工作，而又使循环水量符合需要值，不致产生严重的水力和热力失调现象，必须分析循环水泵(单台或多台)在系统中运行的工作状况。从而寻求与系统相匹配的循环水泵，使其尽可能地“满负荷、高效率”运行。 采用作图法和差值法来确定水泵的性能参数及工作点来选择相匹配的水泵，准确性差，而且比较麻烦；因此利用最小二乘法原理对采暖循环水泵的性能实验数据进行曲线拟合，再来讨论循环水泵的工作状况。 1 循环水泵曲线拟合 本文主要用最小二乘法以多项式进行曲线拟合来求循环水泵性能曲线方程。其基本思想是：通过误差分析建立误差方程；在误差值最小的条件下，导出相应的正规方程组；通过求解正规方程组(线性代数方程组)，得到回归系数(最小二乘估计)，从而建立起曲线拟合的多项式。 2 应用研究 前面介绍了数值法求解的水泵性能拟合曲线方程，知道了该方程便可以很方便的知晓水泵的运行情况。如果再给定管路特性曲线方程，对它们联立求解，求出工作点，得到工作点的流量和扬程，从而可以与实际管路的总流量和总阻力进行比较，来分析系统水力工况，得出水泵的匹配情况，确定水力失调的解决办法。本节中将给出实例加以全面分析。 2.1 系统概况 已知某供暖系统，建筑面积为9万m2。概算热负荷为5.2MW，整个系统总供水温度95℃，回水温度70℃，网路散热和漏损系数K取1.05，流量附加系数φ取1.2。其供暖半径L 为500m，比摩阻R取70 Pa/m，局部阻力相对沿程损失的比例百分数取a为0.3，热源内部阻力Hr取10X104Pa，用户系统阻力Hy取1x104Pa，裕量系数K取1.15。 2．2 系统工况分析 因此，对于一个水力失调严重的供暖系统，特别是末端用户不热，不能简单地采用增加水泵的方法来解决。因为单台水泵的工作点已处于水泵性能曲线的平坦区，因而增加水泵后，总流量增加有限。如已有两台水泵并联运行，其合成特性曲线就更加平坦，再增加一台水泵并联运行，总流量的增加量将会更小，甚至不增加。所以，解决供暖系统水力失调现象，首先应考虑对管网通过热用户引入口阀门进行调整，使系统流量得以合理分配。当然，如果总流量不能满足要求时，应经过作图或计算的办法，选择与系统相匹配的单台水泵或组合较为合理(使水泵的工作点在高效区)的多台水泵。 3 结语 (1)对于某一扩建系统，随着热用户逐年增加，原配水泵已偏小，通过水泵性能分析，采用多台水泵并联运行是可以的。但我们实际经常遇到的是，单台水泵运行，其流量和扬程已远远超过实际需要值。由于网路水力失调，总有一些用户不热，为弥补失调带来的缺陷，采用多台水泵并联运行。此时系统的循环水量虽有所增加，但增值也很小，水泵的效率自然很低。 (2)由于网路水力失调严重，水泵经并联后，仍不能满足末端用户的需要，即使更换大功率大流量水泵也无济于事。实际上，如果网络水力失调严重，只要管路性能不变，流量增加后，仍然保持着等比的失调度。 (3)进行水力工况分析是了解整个系统运行情况的关键，而建立循环水泵性能曲线方程为水力工况分析带来很大的方便。循环水泵性能曲线方程为计算机选择循环水泵奠定了理论基础，同时也是实现量化管理的基础。

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原文：
Hot water heating system is hot-user, network and the heat source and circulating hot water pump posed by a complex overall system. In order to put into operation of the circulating pump in high-performance area to work and to meet the needs of the value of circulating water will not have serious hydraulic and thermal imbalances, we must analyze circulating pump (single or multiple units) is running in the system working condition . Thereby seeking to work with the system that match the circulating water pump to make it as much as possible, "full-load, high-efficiency" to run. Mapping method and the difference method used to determine the pump performance parameters and operating point to select the matching pumps, the accuracy is poor, and relatively trouble; and thus using the least square method on heating circulating pump performance of the experimental data curve fitting, circulating water pump again to discuss the status of work. A circulating pump curve fitting In this paper, the least-squares polynomial curve fitting method in order to seek circulating pump performance curve equation. The basic idea is: The error analysis of the establishment of error equation; in the smallest margin of error conditions, to export the corresponding normal equations; by solving the normal equations (linear algebraic equations), are regression coefficients (least-squares estimation), thereby creating the polynomial curve fitting. 2 Applied Research The numerical method described above for solving the performance of the pump fitting curve equation, knowing the equation it is very convenient to know the water pump operation. If you give the fixed pipeline characteristic curve equation, for their simultaneous solution, find the working point, get the job point of the flow and head, allowing the actual pipeline total flow and total resistance compared to analyze the system hydraulic conditions come to match the pump, determine hydraulic imbalance solution. In this section examples will be given a comprehensive analysis. 2.1 System Overview Are known to a heating system, building area of 90000 m2. Estimate the heat load of 5.2MW, the entire system the overall water temperature 95 ℃, return water temperature 70 ℃, heat and leakage coefficient K network to take 1.05, flow coefficient of φ taking additional 1.2. The heating radius of L For the 500m, compared with the friction R take 70 Pa / m, partial resistance to the relative proportion of the loss along the way to take a percentage of 0.3, the internal resistance to heat Hr take 10X104Pa, the user's system resistance Hy take 1x104Pa, margin coefficient K is 1.15. 2.2 System Condition Analysis Thus, for a serious imbalance in water heating systems, especially the end user is not hot, not simply by increasing the pump means to resolve. Because a single pump operating point at the pump performance curve has been flat areas, thus increasing the pump, the total increase in traffic is limited. Where there is parallel operation of two pumps, its synthesis is even more flat curve, and then adding a water pump parallel operation, the total increase in traffic volume will be smaller, or even not increase. Therefore, to resolve imbalances water heating system, first consideration should be given to the control valve intakes Netcom overheating user to adjust the system flow can be rationally allocated. Of course, if the total flow can not meet the requirements, should be done through mapping or the calculation method, choose the system that matches a single pump or combination of a more reasonable (to the pump operating point in the high zone) more than one pump. 3 Conclusion (1) For an expansion of the system, with the heat users increased year by year, his first wife pumps have been too small, through the pump performance analysis, using multiple pumps operating in parallel is possible. However, we actually often encountered is that a single pump operation, its flow rate and lift the value far exceeds the actual need. As the network hydraulic imbalance, there are always some users are not hot, in order to compensate for disorders caused by defects, using multiple pumps operating in parallel. At this point the system Despite the increase in the cycle of water, but the value is small, the efficiency of the pump will be very low. (2) a serious imbalance in the fact that network hydraulic, pumps through the parallel, still can not meet the end-user's needs, even if the replacement of high-power high-volume pump will not help. In fact, if the network hydraulic imbalance in serious, as long as the performance of the same pipeline, flow rate increases, the imbalance remained geometric degree. (3) for analysis of hydraulic conditions to understand the key operation of the entire system, while the establishment of circulating pump performance curve equation for hydraulic analysis of working conditions great convenience. Circulating pump performance curve equation for the computer choose circulating pump has laid a theoretical foundation, but also managed to achieve quantitative basis.

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