译文：
多年以来，供暖期热水大量流失一直成为北方城市供热领导部门大伤脑筋的问题。据实际调查表明，某热电厂热力公司每小时供热水量为8 000t，每小时失水量500t，日失水量高达12 000t，失水量是供水量的6%强，而国家规定失水标准不超过1%，因此采取有效措施堵塞这一漏洞已成为当务之急。 　　造成我国暖气热水大量流失的主要病因，笔者认为就是暖气热水管路仍大量安装和使用着原始、落后的集气罐，手动排气闸阀。 　　暖气热水管路中不可避免的会进入空气有以下三个因素：1.循环水泵工作时带入空气；2.锅炉或水泵停运时管路会产生负压，空气就会被吸入；3.锅炉运行时要不断补充冷水，而冷水在加热过程中会分离出空气。 　　排气阀是暖气热水管路防止“气阻”、保证热水正常循环不可缺少的装置。然而这一手动排气闸阀又是管路中{wy}可以存在的既可以排气又能放出热水的开关。为了便于人的操作，这一闸阀不是安装在顶部集气罐的出口处，而是从出口处接一水管引到洗手间或厨房，把闸阀安装在洗手盆上或用软管插入下水道地漏子里。因此手动排气实际上就是通过放水将空气在压力差作用下推出来，直至放出热水为止。正常的跑风应在放出热水后立即关闭阀门，跑风即告结束，实际上放水时间的长短是供热管理部门无法控制的事，只能任住户自己说了算。 　　一般居民楼采暖，一个单元一个回路，每个回路需要安装1～2个排气阀，而每栋楼根据单元多少不同，汇总起来就是一个不小的数字，既使每天正常手动跑风也要流失大量热水，何况阀门开启时间无法管理，任其自流，有时顶层有手动跑风的住户家中无人，为了避免邻里之间由于跑风引起的矛盾，干脆将手动闸阀开启，变成24h长流水。手动排气是水暖管道{wy}允许存在的放水闸阀，而在其它部位放水皆属非法，是供热条例所不允许的，到目前尚无办法来控制手动排气闸阀开启时间的长短，经过分析不容置疑，手动排气闸阀就是暖气热水流失的主要渠道和病因。 　　对病因对症下药，防止暖气热水大量流失的xxx办法就是淘汰手动排气，选用高质量，确实好用的自动排气阀，自动排气阀在世界许多较发达国家早已被广泛采用。它与手动排气闸阀不同点是不需要人为跑风，它安装的位置一定要在管路集气点上，所谓集气点就是顶层供水横管的{zg}点处，对此横管有3‰倾斜度要求，不允许出现局部凹陷和弯曲等情况，当空气进入阀体后，阀门会自动开启，空气排除后水位上升，它会自动关阀，热水不能外溢，从根本上xx了手动排气不及时，易形成“气阻”影响供热效果和造成热水大量流失的弊端。应用自动排气阀解决了手动排气的烦琐劳动，彻底取消了暖气管路上{wy}存在的放水口，由于排气及时运行时可保持热路畅通，由于不放水有效地节约了能源和水资源。

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原文：
Over the years, heating period of great loss of hot water heating in northern cities has been a big headache for the leadership of sector issues. According to the actual survey shows that companies of a thermal power station thermal water heating per hour 8 000t, loss of water per hour, 500t, on water loss of up to 12 000t, loss of water is the water supply to 6% stronger, while the national standard of no more than the provisions of dehydration 1%, so to take effective measures to plug this loophole has become imperative. Cause a great loss of hot water heating a major cause, I believe that is the heating hot water pipe is still a large number of installation and use of primitive and backward set of cylinders, manual exhaust valve. Heating hot water piping in the inevitable will enter the air has the following three factors: 1. Circulating pump air into the work; 2. Boiler or pump outage when the pipeline will produce negative pressure, air will be inhaled; 3 . boiler operation when continuous supply of cold water, and cold water in the heating process will be isolated from the air. Exhaust valve is heating hot water pipes to prevent "vapor lock" to ensure the normal hot water cycle of an indispensable device. However, this manual exhaust valve is the only pipeline that there can be either hot exhaust can release the switch. In order to facilitate the operation of people, this valve assembly is not installed on the top of the tank's exit, but take a pipe from the exit onto a toilet or kitchen, the valve installed on the wash basin or use hose insert sewer floor drain yard. Therefore, the exhaust is actually manually through the drainage of air introduced under the pressure difference, the hot water until the release date. The normal running style should be released immediately after the hot water valve is closed, run the wind comes to a close, in fact the length of time is the heating water distribution management can not control things can only let the residents make decisions by themselves. The general population floor heating, a unit of a loop, each loop will need to install a ~ 2 exhaust valve, but each building according to how many different units, aggregating up is a not a small figure, even a normal day to manually run the wind to the loss of a large number of hot water, not to mention the valve open time can not manage their own devices, and sometimes have to manually run the top of the households in the wind that no one, in order to avoid the neighborhood because of the contradictions caused by running the wind, simply open the manual valve, variable Cheng 24h changliushui. Manual exhaust pipe is only allowed to persist for plumbing drainage valve, while in other parts of the drainage are illegal, is not permitted by heating the Ordinance, to the present there is no way to manually control the length of the exhaust valve opens, The analysis is no doubt that manual exhaust valve is the main channel for the loss of heating hot water and causes. Suit the remedy to the causes to prevent the huge loss of hot water heating The most effective way to eliminate manual exhaust, use high-quality, really easy to use automatic exhaust valve, automatic exhaust valves in the world in many more developed countries have long been widely adopted. It is the difference with the manual exhaust valve does not require people to run the wind, it is the location of installation of gas gathering pipelines must point, the so-called gas-collecting point is the top horizontal tube of water supply at the highest point of this cross in possession of three ‰ tilt requirements, does not allow a partial depression and bending, etc., when the air into the valve, the valve will automatically open, the air removed, the water level rise, it will automatically closed valves, hot water does not spill, fundamentally eliminating Manual exhaust is not timely, easy to form a "vapor lock" affect hot water heating effects and cause huge loss of the state. Application of automatic exhaust valve exhaust solve the cumbersome manual labor, the total elimination of the heating pipes, drainage of the road there is only the mouth of a timely run-time due to exhaust heat can maintain smoother, because they do not turn on the water and effectively save energy and water resources .

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