Category:Instrument

Question:
X-rays are sent through what come from?

Answer:
X-ray
X-ray
wavelength range between UV and γ-ray electromagnetic radiation. WK by the German physicist Roentgen in 1895 found that it is also known as X-rays. Wavelength of less than 0.1 angstrom, said super-hard X-rays, in the range of 0.1 to 1 within the Egyptian, said the hard X-rays, a ~ 10 within the scope of Egypt said that the soft X-rays. The laboratory X-rays generated by X-ray tube, X-ray tube is a vacuum tube cathode and anode, the cathode made of tungsten wires, after firing thermal power electronics, the anode (in the case said the target pole) with high melting point metal (general use tungsten, used in crystal structure analysis of the X-ray tube can also be used iron, copper, nickel and other materials). With tens of thousands of volts to hundreds of thousands of volts of high voltage accelerates the electrons, electron beam bombarded the target pole, X-rays sent from the target pole. Electron bombardment, when the target will produce a very high temperature, so the target must be highly water cooling, and sometimes the target will be highly designed style rotation.
X-ray spectrum from the continuous spectrum and identification of spectrum of two parts, identify overlap in a continuous spectrum of the background spectrum, the continuous spectrum is due to an extremely high-speed electronics blocked by the target arising from bremsstrahlung and its short-wavelength limit λ0 decision by the accelerating voltage V : λ0 = hc / (ev) for the Planck constant, e is electronic charge, c the vacuum speed of light. Logo spectrum is composed of a series of linear spectra, which are due to transition the target element of the inner electrons generated, each element has a specific identity of each spectrum, reflecting the characteristics of atomic shell structure. High-intensity synchrotron radiation can produce a continuous spectrum of X-rays, has now become an important X-ray source.
X-ray has a strong penetrating power of medicine are commonly used for fluoroscopy, industry used to testing. Long-standing X-ray radiation on the human body injury. X-ray fluorescence can be excited, so that gas ionization, so that light-sensitive photographic emulsion, it can be used X-ray ionization dollars, scintillation counters and sensitive detection of latex films and so on. The crystal lattice structure of X-ray diffraction can produce a significant effect, X-ray diffraction study of law has become crystal structure, morphology, and an important means of various defects.

Answer:
wrong
X-rays are sent from the cathode to the cathode bombardment of high-speed electron flow, from the cathode inspired by a high frequency of very short wavelength photons stream, it is not charged, not ” with negatively charged particles “, β-rays are the flow of electrons. See PEP Volume III P30.

Chinese:X射线是通过什么发出来的？

类别: 仪器仪表

问题:
X射线是通过什么发出来的？

回答:
X射线
X-ray
波长介于紫外线和γ射线间的电磁辐射。由德国物理学家W.K.伦琴于1895年发现，故又称伦琴射线。波长小于0.1埃的称超硬X射线，在0.1～1埃范围内的称硬X射线，1～10埃范围内的称软X射线。实验室中X射线由X射线管产生，X射线管是具有阴极和阳极的真空管，阴极用钨丝制成，通电后可发射热电子，阳极（就称靶极）用高熔点金属制成（一般用钨，用于晶体结构分析的X射线管还可用铁、铜、镍等材料）。用几万伏至几十万伏的高压加速电子，电子束轰击靶极，X射线从靶极发出。电子轰击靶极时会产生高温，故靶极必须用水冷却，有时还将靶极设计成转动式的。
X射线谱由连续谱和标识谱两部分组成 ，标识谱重叠在连续谱背景上，连续谱是由于高速电子受靶极阻挡而产生的轫致辐射，其短波极限λ0由加速电压V决定：λ0=hc/(ev)为普朗克常数，e为电子电量，c为真空中的光速。标识谱是由一系列线状谱组成，它们是因靶元素内层电子的跃迁而产生，每种元素各有一套特定的标识谱，反映了原子壳层结构的特征。同步辐射源可产生高强度的连续谱X射线，现已成为重要的X射线源。
X射线具有很强的穿透力，医学上常用作xx检查，工业中用来探伤。长期受X射线辐射对人体有伤害 。X射线可激发荧光、使气体电离、使感光乳胶感光，故X射线可用电离计、闪烁计数器和感光乳胶片等检测。晶体的点阵结构对X射线可产生显著的衍射作用，X射线衍射法已成为研究晶体结构、形貌和各种缺陷的重要手段。

回答:
错
X射线是由阴极发出的高速电子流轰击对阴极，从对阴极激发出的频率较高、波长很短的光子流，是不带电的，不是“带负电的粒子流”，β射线是电子流。见人教版第三册P30。