译文：
摘要：本文介绍了IC卡水表用阀门的技术要求，并比较了球阀和先导阀在实际应用中出现的问题；详细介绍了改进型先导阀如何防止先导孔易堵塞、零压力不能启动等技术难点。 关键词： IC卡水表； 阀门； 先导阀； 二十一世纪是进入计算机网络化和信息化时代，信息技术已广泛地渗透到社会各个领域并发挥着越来越重要的作用。九十年代以来建设事业中IC卡智能产品发展迅猛并取得了可喜的成绩。 IC卡智能水表从其诞生之日起，至今已走过近十个年头，产品技术不断完善，已被广大用户所接受并大量应用于建设行业，特别是住宅中。但由于IC卡智能水表产品技术还没有达到xx成熟的阶段，各生产厂家产品在技术、结构、工艺上区别仍较大，执行标准不统一，特别是作为控制执行部件的阀门有多种，如先导阀、球阀、陶瓷阀、螺杆阀、电磁阀等，这些阀门特点多异，产品质量良莠不齐，选择时应特别注意。根据目前IC卡水表现状及我公司多年研制IC卡水表的经验，本文重点对应用较多的先导式阀门和球阀的特点及选型提出一些看法，与业内人士及用户探讨。 一、阀门在IC卡水表中应具备的性能 IC卡水表是一种具有计量及控制功能为一体的水量计量仪表，作为计量装置它提供用水数量及收费依据；作为控制装置，它可实现预付费功能并准确控制供水量。阀门是其控制装置的执行终端，高质量的IC卡水表用阀门应具备以下性能： 1、阀门开关应灵活可靠。打得开，关得严，到位准确，且开、关状态应稳定。 2、按国家标准要求，IC卡水表总的结构长度不能超过相同公称通径基表的长度，因此阀门应体积小，结构紧凑。 3、压损应尽量的小，小口径IC卡水表其基表加阀门总压损应小于0.1MPa。 4、从功耗上要求，阀门的起动及运行力矩应尽量小。 5、阀门耐压强度应达到在压力1.6MPa下持续15min（型式试验为2.0MPa下1min）无泄漏和阀体无变形、损坏。 6、阀门密封性能好。在1.1PN下，其密封面不得有渗漏。 7、开闭速度尽量快，且不得有水锤现象产生。 8、按CJ/T133标准，阀门的开闭次数应超过1000次以上，此时阀门关闭后的内泄量不能超过标准要求，阀门使用寿命应超过10年以上。 9、阀门的动作裕度应尽量大，在管道压力为0.02Mpa至其额定压力下，应能正常工作。 10、阀门所用材料应耐腐蚀，且符合饮用水的卫生条件。 二、阀门选型要求 1、IC卡水表用阀门存在的问题 在我国IC卡水表投放市场近十年，为自来水行业从传统的人工收费的管理模式转为预付费管理模式提供了物质条件，实现了城市安全、可靠、准确、方便的供水收费系统。因此IC卡水表受到自来水行业和用户的青睐。但是这种高科技产品的发展并不是一帆风顺，很多厂家见到IC卡水表市场广阔，利润丰厚，尽管没有掌握这项产品的技术，却急忙上马；有些IC卡水表厂家受到利益驱使，不重视产品质量，设计上没有充分考虑产品的可靠性，设计要求不明确，设计方案不充分；生产工艺上控制不严，试验、检测手段缺乏，致使产品质量低下，造成市场上的IC卡水表质量良莠不齐。据我们市场调查，IC卡水表出现的故障中阀门占有较大比例，主要故障为内、外泄，打不开、关不上或卡死等，其中打不开、关不上是十分严重的故障，直接影响用户的使用，使水表失去其最基本的使用功能。 2、选型 阀门选型应从以下几方面综合考虑： 1、首先要全面了解IC卡冷水表标准CJ/T133对阀门性能、技术要求方面的规定，被选阀门是否符合这些规定。 2、阀门的结构特点是否能满足用户要求，包括潜在要求。 3、对IC卡水表生产厂家的技术实力、开发过程、质量保证体系进行调查，详细了解企业产品开发的技术细节，是否有能力并认真研究解决传统阀门存在的弊端，并不断改进产品的性能和质量。 4、进行市场调研，了解产品在其用户中使用情况。

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原文：
Abstract: This paper describes the IC card water meter with the technical requirements of the valve, and compared the valve and pilot valve problems arising in practical applications; detailed information on how to prevent the pilot improved pilot valve easy to plug the holes, zero pressure can not be started, etc. technical difficulties. Keywords: IC card water meter; valve; pilot valve; The selection of valve for IC card watermeter Zhou Yuejian CEO of NingBo Long Kang Intelligent Instrument Corp. Abstract: Introduction was conducted to the technical demand of valve for IC card watermeter, application problem between ball valve and pilot-actuated valve was compared; Introduction was particular conducted to the improved pilot-actuated-valve which solved many technical nodus, such as pilot hole jam, non-start up at zero presure. Key words: IC card watermeter; valve; pilot-actuated valve; The twenty-first century is the access to computer networks and the information age, information technology has been widely penetrated into all areas of society and play an increasingly important role. Since the nineties the building in the cause of the rapid development of IC card intelligence products and have made gratifying achievements. IC Card Intelligent Water Meter from the date of birth, has gone through nearly 10 years, continuously improve product technology has been accepted and a large number of customers used in the construction industry, particularly in houses. However, IC Card Intelligent Water Meter product technology has not yet reached full maturity stage, the manufacturers of products in the technology, structure, process the difference is still large, non-uniform implementation of standards, especially as control of the implementation of a variety of valve components, such as the pilot valve, ball valve, ceramic valve, screw valve, solenoid valve, these valves feature of many different, product quality varies greatly, options, should special attention. IC card water meter based on the current status and development of our company many years of experience in IC card water meter, this article focuses on the application of more pilot-valve and valve characteristics and selection has made some comments to explore with the industry and customers. 1, valves in the IC card water meter should have in the performance of IC card water meter is a kind of integrated measurement and control of water measuring instruments, measuring devices, as it provides the basis of water quantity and charges; as a control device that enables prepaid and accurately control the water supply functions. Valve is the implementation of its control device terminals, high-quality IC card water meter with the valve should have the following properties: 1, valve switch should be flexible and reliable. Played opening and closing too strict, exact place, and the opening and closing status should be stable. 2, according to national standards, IC card water meter can not exceed the length of the overall structure of the same nominal diameter the length of the base tables, so the valve should be small size, compact structure. 3, the pressure loss should be small, small-caliber IC card water meter valve of the base table plus the total pressure loss should be less than 0.1MPa. 4, from the power consumption requirements of starting and running torque of the valve should be as small as possible. 5, Valves compressive strength should be achieved under the 1.6MPa pressure continued 15min (type test for the 2.0MPa under 1min) without leakage, and valve body without distortion, damage. 6, valve sealing performance is good. In the 1.1PN, its sealing surface may not have leaks. 7, opening and closing speed as fast, and no water hammer phenomenon. 8, according to CJ/T133 standard, the valve opening and closing times should be more than 1000 times more, this time after the closure of the valve to vent the inner volume can not exceed the standard requirements, the valve life should be more than 10 years. 9, the valve moves margin should be large, the pressure in the pipeline for the 0.02Mpa to its rated pressure, should be able to work properly. 10, the valve should be corrosion-resistant materials used, and in accordance with drinking water sanitation. 2, valve model selection 1, IC card water meter with valve problems In China's IC card water meter on the market for nearly a decade for the water industry, labor costs from the traditional mode of management to pre-paid management model provided the material conditions for the realization of the city is safe, reliable, accurate, and convenient water billing system. Therefore, IC card water meter by the water industry and users of all ages. However, this high-tech products development is not smooth, many manufacturers see the IC card water meter market, a vast, lucrative, even though this product does not grasp the technology, but hurriedly launched; some IC card water meter manufacturers were motivated, not of the product the quality of design not adequately take into account the reliability of the product, design requirements are not clear, design is not sufficient; production processes to control lax, testing, lack of detection means, resulting in poor product quality, resulting in IC card water meter on the market the quality of both good and bad. According to our market research, IC card water meter malfunction in the valve occupies a large proportion of the main fault as an internal, leaked, not open, not closed or choked to death and so on, which not open, does not close is a very serious failures, the use of a direct impact on the user, so that the use of water meters to lose its most basic functions. 2, selection Valve selection should be comprehensive consideration the following aspects: 1, we must first fully understand the IC Card Cold Water Meter Standard CJ/T133 right valve performance requirements in respect of technical requirements to be elected valve meets these requirements. 2, the structural characteristics of the valve is able to meet user requirements, including the potential requirements. 3 pairs of IC card water meter manufacturer's technical strength, the development process, quality assurance system and conduct a survey to learn more about the technical details of enterprise product development, ability, and serious effort to solve the drawbacks of traditional valves, and continuously improve the performance and quality. 4, to conduct market research to understand the products in their users use.