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        虞美人属罂粟科罂粟属一、二年生草本植物，它的学名是Papaver rhoeas ,别名丽春花、赛牡丹、小种罂粟花、蝴蝶满园春。原产欧、亚大陆温带，世界各地多有栽培,比利时将其作为国花。如今虞美人在我国广泛栽培,以江、浙一带最多。是春季美化花坛、花境以及庭院的精细草花，也可盆栽或切花。

        虞美人株高40～60cm，分枝细弱，被短硬毛。叶互生，羽状深裂，裂片披针形，具粗锯齿。花单生，有长梗，未开放时下垂，花瓣4枚，近圆形，花径约5～6cm，花色丰富。蒴果杯形，种子肾形，千粒重0.33克，寿命3～5年。

        虞美人耐寒，怕暑热，喜阳光充足的环境，喜排水良好、肥沃的沙壤土。不耐移栽，能自播。花期5～6月。

        虞美人有复色、间色、重瓣和复瓣等品种。同属相近种有冰岛罂粟（P.nudicaule）和近东罂粟（P.orientale）。冰岛罂粟为多年生草本，丛生。叶基生，羽裂或半裂。花单生于无叶的花葶上，深黄或白色。原产极地。近东罂粟属多年生草本，高60～90cm，全身被白毛。叶羽状深裂，花猩红色，基部有紫黑色斑。原产伊朗至地中海。

         虞美人和罂粟同属一科,从外形上看,虞美人和罂粟很相似,但实际上区别却非常大。虞美人的全株被毛,果实较小;而罂粟花植物体光滑无毛,果实较大。 

          虞美人花未开时,蛋圆形的花蕾上包着两片绿色白边的萼片,垂独生于细长直立的花梗上,极像低头沉思的少女。 

待到虞美人花蕾绽放,萼片脱落时,虞美人便脱颖而出了:弯着的身子直立起来,向上的花朵上4片薄薄的花瓣质薄如绫,光洁似绸,轻盈花冠似朵朵红云片片彩绸,虽无风亦似自摇,风动时更是飘然欲飞,原来弯曲柔弱的花枝,此时竟也挺直了身子撑起了花朵。实难想像,原来如此柔弱朴素的虞美人草竟能开出如此浓艳华丽的花朵。 

虞美人姿态葱秀,袅袅娉娉,因风飞舞,俨然彩蝶展翅,颇引人遐思。虞美人兼具素雅与浓艳华丽之美,二者和谐地统一于一身。其容其姿大有中国古典艺术中美人的丰韵,堪称花草中的妙品。