|
浣滀负涓€涓鐮斿伐浣滆€咃紝鍦ㄥ浗闄呭鏈湡鍒婁笂鍙戣〃绉戠爺璁烘枃鏄笌鍚岃浜ゆ祦銆佸彇寰楀浗闄呭奖鍝嶇殑蹇呯粡涔嬭矾銆傛湁浜涘浗鍐呯殑绉戝瀹讹紝瀹為獙鍋氬緱寰堟紓浜紝浣嗗父甯歌嫤鎭间簬璁烘枃鐨勫啓浣滃姏涓嶄粠蹇冿紝鎴愪负鍥介檯浜ゆ祦鐨勪竴澶ч殰纰嶃€傛湰鏂囦粠鍗氫富鐨勪翰韬綋楠屽嚭鍙戯紝缁欏崥澹敓銆佸崥澹悗銆佷互鍙婂勾杞荤殑PI鎻愪緵涓€涓€熼壌銆傛枃绔犳渶鍚庡仛绠€鐭€荤粨銆?
寰堝垢杩愶紝鎴戝湪绾︾堪闇嶆櫘閲戞柉澶у锛圝ohns Hopkins University锛夋敾璇诲崥澹浣嶆椂锛?991骞?鏈堥亣鍒颁簡瀛﹀厔鍜屽惎钂欒€佸笀John Desjarlais銆傚惉浜嗘垜鐨勮嫤鎭煎悗锛孞ohn鍛婅瘔鎴戯紝“Spend 45 minutes every day reading Washington Post, and you will be cruising with your written English in two years”(姣忓ぉ鑺?5鍒嗛挓璇汇€婂崕鐩涢】閭姤銆?涓ゅ勾鍚庝綘鐨勫啓浣滆兘鍔涗細寰楀績搴旀墜)銆傝繖鏉″缓璁鍚堟垜鎰?- 鎴戝師鏈氨瀵规柊闂绘劅鍏磋叮锛佷簬鏄紝鎴戞瘡澶╀笂鍗堝畨鎺掑畬绗竴鎵瑰疄楠屽悗锛岄兘浼氬湪鍗佺偣宸﹀彸鑺变竴灏忔椂鐨勬椂闂撮槄璇汇€婂崕鐩涢】閭姤銆嬶紝涓昏鐪婣鐗?鏂伴椈鐗?銆傚垰寮€濮嬶紝鎴戜竴涓皬鏃跺彧鑳借涓ゃ€佷笁涓煭娑堟伅鎴栦竴涓暱绡囨姤閬擄紝涓棿杩樹笉寰椾笉缁忓父鏌ュ瓧鍏哥湅鐢熻瘝銆備絾涓嶇煡涓嶈闂达紝鎴戠殑闃呰鑳藉姏鏄庢樉鎻愰珮锛?992骞磋€佸竷浠€涓庡厠鏋楅】绔為€夋€荤粺锛屾垜璺熻釜鏂伴椈锛屽父甯镐竴涓皬鏃惰兘璇讳笂鍑犱釜鐗堥潰鐨勬秷鎭垨鍥涖€佷簲涓暱绡囨姤閬擄紝鏈夋椂杩樻妸鍒氱湅鍒扮殑鏂伴椈缁樺０缁樿壊鍦拌缁欏笀鍏勫笀濮愬惉銆?
闃呰鐩存帴鎻愬崌浜嗘垜鐨勮嫳鏂囧啓浣滆兘鍔涖€傜湅瀹屼竴浜涙柊闂诲悗锛屾垜甯稿父浜х敓鍔ㄧ瑪鍐欒嚜宸辨劅鎯崇殑鍐插姩銆?2骞村反濉炵綏閭ｅゥ杩愪細锛屼腑鍥芥父娉抽槦鍙栧緱浜嗗洓閲戜簲閾剁殑濂芥垚缁╋紝缇庡浗涓昏濯掍綋绾风悍鎸囪矗杩欐槸涓浗杩愬姩鍛樻湇鐢ㄨ繚绂佽嵂鐗╋紝浣嗘病鏈変换浣曟娴嬬殑璇佹嵁锛屽畬鍏ㄥ嚟缇庡浗杩愬姩鍛樼殑鎰熻銆傛浜嬭鎴戝緢姘旀劋锛屾垜鐢熷钩绗竴娆＄粰銆婂崕鐩涢】閭姤銆嬪拰銆婂反灏旂殑鎽╁お闃虫姤銆嬶紙The Baltimore Sun锛夊悇鍐欎簡涓€灏佷俊锛岃瘎璁烘姤閬撶殑涓嶅叕骞炽€傛病鎯冲埌涓ゅぉ鍚庛€婂反灏旂殑鎽╁お闃虫姤銆嬪眳鐒跺師灏佷笉鍔ㄧ殑鎶婃垜鐨勪俊鍒婄櫥鍦?ldquo;璇昏€呮潵淇?rdquo;鏍忕洰锛屽悓浜嬬璐猴紝鎴戜篃娲嬫磱寰楁剰銆傚彈鍒版浜嬮紦鍔憋紝鎴戝湪姝ゅ悗涓夊勾澶氱殑鏃ュ瓙閲岋紝甯稿父鍔ㄧ瑪锛屾湁浜涙枃绔犲彂琛ㄥ湪鎶ュ垔涓婏紙澶ч儴鍒嗘姇绋跨煶娌夊ぇ娴凤級锛屼篃鏇句唬琛ㄤ腑鍥界暀瀛︾敓鍐欎俊鍚戞牎鏂逛簤鍙栬繃涓浗瀛︾敓鐨勫埄鐩娿€傛湁鏃惰繕鏈夋剰澶栫殑鎯婂枩銆?5骞寸殑涓€澶╋紝涓€浣嶆湅鍙嬫墦鐢佃瘽鍛婅瘔鎴戯細浠婂ぉ鍑虹増鐨勩€婂反灏旂殑鎽╁お闃虫姤銆嬩笂鏈夋垜鐨勮瘎璁烘枃绔狅紒鎴戞€ュ寙鍖嗚刀鍒拌澶翠拱鏉?浠芥姤绾革紝鏋滅劧锛屽湪A鐗堢殑鍊掓暟绗簩椤碉紝浠?5x15鍘樼背鐨勭瘒骞呭彂琛ㄤ簡鎴戜竴涓鏄熸湡鍓嶅瘎缁欐姤绀俱€佹湰浠ヤ负涓嶄細鍙戣〃鐨勪竴绡囨姩鍑诲惔瀹忚揪鐨勬枃绔犮€?
浠ヤ笂鏄畝杩版垜涓汉鑻辨枃鍐欎綔鎻愬崌鐨勪竴娈佃繃绋嬨€備絾鏄紝绉戠爺璁烘枃涓嶅悓浜庤鑰呮潵淇★紝鏈夊叾涓撲笟鐗圭偣銆佺敋鑷虫槸鍥哄畾鏍煎紡銆?994骞达紝鎴戠涓€娆″畬鏁村湴鍐欑鐮旇鏂囷紝鎰熻寰堝樊銆傚ソ涓嶅鏄撳啓瀹岀殑鏂囩珷锛岃繛鎴戣嚜宸遍兘涓嶆効鎰忚绗簩閬嶏紱鍕夊己淇敼涔嬪悗锛屼氦缁欎簡鑰佹澘Jeremy Berg銆備粬鎷栦簡涓夊懆娌＄湅鎴戠殑鏂囩珷锛屾垜瀹炲湪蹇嶄笉浣忎簡銆佸幓鍌粬锛屼笂鍗?鐐癸紝Jeremy鍛婅瘔鎴戯細浠婂ぉ鐪嬶紒11鐐癸紝鎴戝幓浠栧姙鍏鍌紝绉樹功鎷︿綇鎴戯紝璇碕eremy姝ｅ湪鍔炵悊閲嶈浜嬪姟锛屼袱鐐瑰墠涓嶅緱鎵撴壈銆傛垜蹇冮噷鎯存兇锛屼笉鐭eremy鍦ㄥ共浠€涔堛€備笅鍗堜竴鐐瑰崐锛孞eremy鎬ュ寙鍖嗚繃鏉ユ壘鎴戯紝鎷夸簡涓€鍙犵焊锛?“This is the draft. Please let me know what you think. We can aim for a Science report.”锛堣繖鏄垵绋匡紝浣犵湅鐪嬪浣曪紝鎴戜滑鍙互璇曡瘯銆婄瀛︺€嬶級鎴戜粩缁嗕竴鐪嬶紝澶╁晩锛佷竴鍏?椤碉紝鍥涗釜澶氬皬鏃禞eremy宸茬粡鎶婃枃绔犵殑鏁翠綋鍐欏畬浜嗭紝鍙槸缂哄皯Method鍜?references銆傝鎴戦儊闂风殑鏄紝浠栨牴鏈病鏈夌敤鎴戠殑鍒濈銆?
銆愬叾瀹烇紝鍐欐枃绔犺吹鍦ㄤ竴姘斿懙鎴愩€傛垜涔熸部琚簡Jeremy鐨勯鏍笺€?006骞?0鏈堬紝鍦ㄦ垜浠浜庡姡鍔跨殑婵€鐑堢珵浜変腑锛屾湁涓や釜璇鹃闈复琚?scoop鐨勫嵄闄╋紝鎴戞浘缁忎袱娆°€佷竴鏅氫笂璧朵竴绡囨枃绔犮€?0鏈?5鏃ワ紝鍌嶆櫄8鐐瑰乏鍙冲紑濮嬪啓銆侀€氬锛岀浜屽ぉ鏃╂櫒10鐐瑰畬鎴愪竴绡囨寜鐓с€婄粏鑳炪€嬫潅蹇楁牸寮忕殑璁烘枃锛屽寘鎷琣bstract, introduction, results, discussion,浠旂粏闃呰涓€閬嶅悗浜庝笅鍗?鐐瑰崐瀹屾垚缃戜笂鎶曠銆傝繖绡囨枃绔犳渶缁堝彂琛ㄥ湪12鏈堜唤銆婅嚜鐒躲€嬬殑瀛愬垔銆婄粨鏋勪笌鍒嗗瓙鐢熺墿瀛︺€嬩笂锛堢數瀛愮増浜?1鏈?0鏃ュ彂琛級銆傚彟涓€绡囷紝10鏈?8鏃ワ紝鏅?鐐瑰紑濮嬪啓銆侀€氬锛岀浜屽ぉ鏃╂櫒8鐐瑰畬鎴愶紝涓婂崍9鐐瑰崐瀹屾垚鎶曠锛屾渶缁堝彂琛ㄥ湪12鏈?5鏃ョ殑銆婄粏鑳炪€嬩笂銆傚綋鐒讹紝鑳介€氬瀹屾垚涓€绡囨枃绔狅紝杩樻湁涓€涓噸瑕佸墠鎻愶紝灏辨槸瀵圭爺绌堕鍩熼潪甯哥啛鎮夛紝瀵规枃绔犳暣浣撶殑澶ф鎬濊矾宸茬粡娣辨€濈啛铏戯紝鎵€鏈夌殑Figures閮戒簨鍏堝仛濂戒簡銆傝繖浜涘墠鏈熷伐浣滃嵆浣垮叏韬績鎶曞叆涔熼渶瑕?-4澶┿€傘€?/font>
3锛庡叿浣撳啓浣滄椂锛屽厛鎸夌収鎬濊矾锛堝嵆Figures锛夊啓涓€涓互subheading涓轰富鐨勬鏋讹紝鐒跺悗寮€濮嬪叿浣撳啓浣溿€傜涓€绋匡紝鍒囧繉杩芥眰姣忎竴鍙ヨ瘽鐨勫畬缇庯紝鏇翠笉瑕佽拷姹傝瘝璇殑鍗庝附锛岃€屼富瑕佺暀蹇冮€昏緫锛坙ogic flow锛夛紝娉ㄦ剰鍓嶅悗鍙ョ殑閫昏緫鍏崇郴銆佺浉閭讳袱娈电殑閫昏緫鍏崇郴銆傚啓浣滄椂锛屽叏鍔涗互璧达紝灏藉彲鑳戒笉鍙楀鐣屼簨鎯呭共鎵帮紙鍏抽棴鎵嬫満銆佸骇鏈猴級锛屼簤鍙栧湪鏈€鐭椂闂村唴鎷垮嚭绗竴绋裤€傝繕瑕佹敞鎰忥細涓€鍙ヨ瘽涓嶅彲澶暱銆?
4锛庡浼氱収钁姦鐢荤摙銆傛病鏈変汉澶╃敓浼氬啓浼樼鐨勭鐮旇鏂囷紝閮芥槸浠庡埆浜洪偅閲屽鏉ョ殑銆傚涔犲埆浜虹殑鏂囩珷瑕佹敞鎰忎笓涓氶鍩熺殑涓嶅悓锛屾湁浜涢鍩燂紙鍖呮嫭鎴戞墍鍦ㄧ殑缁撴瀯鐢熺墿瀛︼級鏈夊畠鍐呭湪鐨勫啓浣滆寰嬨€傜鐮旀枃绔犻噷鐨勪竴浜涜瘽鏄畾寮忥紝姣斿 “To investigate the mechanism of …, we performed …”, “These results support the former, but not the latter, hypothesis …”, “Despite recent progress, how … remains to be elucidated …” 绛夌瓑銆傜敤涓ゆ浠ュ悗锛屽氨閫愭笎瀛︿細鐏垫椿杩愮敤浜嗐€傚湪鍚戝埆浜哄涔犳椂锛屽垏蹇屾妱琚€傚湪缇庡浗涓€浜涙満鏋勶紝杩炵画7涓嫳鏂囧崟璇嶅湪涓€璧峰拰鍒汉鐨勫畬鍏ㄤ竴鏍凤紝鍘熷垯涓婂氨琚涓烘妱琚紙plagiarism锛夈€?
5锛庣涓€绋垮啓瀹屽悗锛岀粰鑷繁涓嶈瓒呰繃涓€澶╃殑浼戞伅鏃堕棿锛屽紑濮嬩慨鏀圭浜岀銆備慨鏀规椂锛岃繕鏄互閫昏緫涓轰富锛屼絾瀵规瘡涓€鍙ヨ瘽閮借鎺ㄦ暡涓€涓嬶紝瀵筧bstract鍜屾鏂囦腑鐨勫叧閿鍙ヨ瀛楁枱鍙ラ厡銆傚浼氱敤“Thesaurus”锛堝悓涔夎瘝鏇挎崲锛変互閬垮厤杩囧閲嶅銆傜浜岀鐨勪慨鏀规瀬涓哄叧閿紝鍐嶅線鍚庡氨涓嶄細澶ф敼浜嗐€?
杩欏鏂规硶琛屼箣鏈夋晥锛屾垜瀵规墍鏈夌殑瀛︾敓鍜屽崥澹悗閮戒細濡傛鏁欏銆傛垜鐨勭涓€涓崥澹悗鏄煷缁ф澃锛?999骞村姞鍏ユ垜鍦ㄦ櫘鏋楁柉椤垮ぇ瀛︾殑瀹為獙瀹ゃ€傜户鏉板綋鏃剁殑鑻辨枃闃呰鍜屽啓浣滆兘鍔涘緢宸€傛垜瀵逛粬鐨勭涓€涓缓璁氨鏄紝“姣忓ぉ鑺卞崐灏忔椂璇昏嫳鏂囨姤绾?rdquo;銆傞毦鑳藉彲璐电殑鏄細浠栧潥鎸佷笅鏉ヤ簡锛佺粡杩囧嚑骞寸殑鍔姏锛?004骞寸户鏉板凡缁忚兘鍐欏嚭涓嶉敊鐨刧rant proposal锛?006骞翠粬鐨勭涓€绡囩嫭绔嬬鐮旇鏂囧彂琛ㄥ湪銆奙olecular Cell銆嬩笂锛岄殢鍚庣浉缁у湪銆婅嚜鐒躲€嬪彂琛ㄤ袱绡囥€佸湪鍏跺畠涓€娴佸鏈湡鍒婂彂琛ㄥ崄澶氱瘒璁烘枃銆傚啓浣滆兘鍔涘紑濮嬫垚鐔熴€?
|
