原文：
用阀门节流使高压气体变为低压气体时，有时会产生令人难以忍受的噪声。大部分的噪声是由于高压喷射产生的湍流剪切阀门下游相对静止的介质所引起的。穿孔的扩散器对防止噪声是有效的，在这种扩散器中气体流过无数小孔，这种消声器可以是平板式、喇叭式或桶式。 该扩散器可xx阀门噪声中的低频和中频噪声，然而在小孔中又产生了高频噪声，但这种噪声在管路的流通程中和在空气中比低频噪声更容易xx。此外，它的另一个好处是可以使流束均匀地分布在管路的横截面上。 因葛特证明，装在管路中的穿孔平板其标准的声阻是与通过小孔的流束的马赫数及系数成正比。式中a为孔板开孔面积密度。从这里可以看出，马赫数应尽可能大，或者使尽可能小。在实际应用中，建议使用的{zd0}马赫数为0.9。如果扩散器两端压降受限制，只好选择较低的马赫数。孔板的开孔密度的实用值常取0.1至0.3。如果低于0.1可能使扩散器太大，而大于0.3就可能使衰减太大。 喷嘴噪声的{zg}频率与喷嘴直径成反比。从衰减噪声的角度看，孔的直径应尽量小。为了防止喷口堵塞，通常使用的喷口口径最小为5mm。 如果消声器管路出口端的流速较高，沿管路的边界层的湍流可能产生与衰减阀门噪声相仿的噪声。经验表明，如果管路中流束的马赫数保持在0.3以下时，就不会引起麻烦。预示阀门噪声和消声器的性能是一个较复杂的问题。有关这些问题的讨论，包括消声器的结构，这里不做详细研究。

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译文：
With the throttle valve so that high-pressure gas into a low pressure gas, sometimes unbearable noise. Most of the noise is due to turbulence generated by high-pressure injection valve downstream relatively static shear caused by the media. Perforated diffuser is effective in preventing noise, in which the gas flows through the diffuser numerous small holes, which can be flat muffler, horn-type or barrel. The diffuser can eliminate valve noise in low and intermediate frequency noise, however, has produced in the small hole in the high-frequency noise, but noise in the flow of process piping and in the air more easily than the elimination of low-frequency noise. In addition, another advantage is that it can flow evenly distributed beam cross section in the pipeline. Yin Gete shows the perforated pipe installed in the standard plate resistance is by the sound hole of the flow Mach number, and coefficient proportional to the beam. Type in a hole for the orifice area density. It can be seen, Mach number should be as large as possible, or make as small as possible. In practice, the recommended maximum Mach number is 0.9. If the pressure drop across diffuser restricted, have to choose a lower Mach number. Orifice of the hole density of practical value often taken from 0.1 to 0.3. If less than 0.1 may cause diffuser too, but greater than 0.3 can make too much attenuation. The maximum frequency jet noise is inversely proportional to the nozzle diameter. From the perspective of noise attenuation, the hole diameter to be as small as possible. In order to prevent the vent plug, commonly used nozzle diameter minimum 5mm. If the muffler outlet pipe flow velocity, the turbulent boundary layer along the pipeline may have the similar noise, the noise attenuation valve. Experience has shown that, if the beam pipe stream Mach number remained at 0.3 below, it will not cause trouble. Indicates that the valve noise and muffler performance is a more complex issue. Discussion of these issues, including the muffler structure do not make a detailed study.