2006年上半年，中国的机床工具产品进出口(按中国机械工业联合会的统计)六十五点六四〇亿美元，比去年同期(下同)增长了百分之9.34。其中，进口五十〇万九千五点零零零万美元，为8.62％的增长，出口一十四万六千九百点零万美元，为11.95％的增幅。超过出口，而三十六万二千六点零万美元赤字去年一年，三十三点七八〇亿美元同期赤字进口增长二四八〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇美元。
上半年，中国的进口和金属加工机床三八七六〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇美元，为45.38％，增加出口。其中，进口53300辆，三十三万六千一百点零万美元，对金额增长百分之四点四，而进口数控机床10647台，一十二万六千九百点零零万美元，在1.62％的跌幅金额，出口373.0万台(海沙，长椅钻，抛光机等)，美国和515亿美元，对百分之51.2，台湾4055数控机床，112万美元，对61.7％的增长，出口增长额的数额。进出口贸易逆差二十八万四千六点零零万美元(包括数控机床逆差一十一万五千七百点零零零万美元)，较去年同期的二八八八○○○○○○美元赤字减少○四二○○○○○○美元。
为机床产品的进口和出口上半年，我认为应注意以下几个问题。
进一步优化出口产品结构
出口机床行业正在推动一个极为重要的因素的发展，需要密切关注。目前，出口产品结构优化，提高出口增长，全行业面临着两大任务，是确保该行业长期的必要条件和稳定发展的战略选择。目前，机床行业，但出口的增长速度非常快，但对出口部门占GDP的比重占仍然很低。上半年，今年同期的出口仅占机床工具行业销售收入(或工业总产值近两年)约为13％，少的比例昂贵，但劳动的出口劳动密集型产品和低附加值说台钻等产品仍然占较大的比重，砂轮机，抛光机，锯床，普通机床，磨料磨具，磨料磨具，铸件，锻件，一般工具等，需要继续努力，以改善结构出口产品。
是要加大新产品到产品拥有自主知识产权的发展，发展努力，为不断努力改善国际标准的重要性，技术标准或靠拢国际先进技术标准，不断提高出口产品的质量价格执行质量，提高经济效益。
出口产品，以满足不同的需求，多样性和进入国际市场。关注中国的使用和东盟自由贸易区的发展，掌握了10个对中国的机床工具产品进口东盟国家实行低关税和扩大出口。东盟国家出口的机床产品，注重填写原产地证书(印版)，以享受优惠关税待遇。中国的企业可以国家质检总局和地方食品安全监管机构申请原产地和出口证书的证书。
对加工贸易的发展
，促进转化和加工贸易转型升级，是扩大一个重要的进口和出口对中国扩大进出口贸易，增加就业，利用外资，吸纳境外机械制造业转移具有非常重要的作用。为此，中国高度重视对加工贸易的发展，一个鼓励加工贸易政策，法规和管理系统的开发数量的发展。
2005年，加工贸易出口五万七千六百点〇 〇 〇万美元今年，机床工具行业机床行业，在加工贸易出口三万二千一百点〇万美元上半年。首先，今年上半年，加工贸易出口量大的产品有：数控卧式车床一千七百四十四点二二〇万美元，数控电火花三千五百二十零点四万美元，63330600美国木材加工机床，磨料磨具，磨料一九二二七七〇 〇美元，金属切削机床配件1968.03美元万美元，锯切割机二千零二万零七百美元，铣床，工具和其他互换工具，如一千七百八十四点六五万美元。这些产品主要集中在广东，江苏，上海，浙江等省市生产。
利用在中国的竞争优势，接受充分利用劳动力以外的机床制造业转移到中国。中国是一个良好的市场环境，健全法律法规和政策的支持政府，有利于加工贸易的发展。应积极寻找外部合作伙伴，选择在我国政府批准的出口加工区，经济特区和沿海城市或在加工贸易企业开展业务。机床行业目前所进行的加工贸易，加工和装配传入的控制，14％，进料加工占86％。为了寻求执行与贸易进料加工，购买国内原材料和零部件，提高国内增值率。
不断提升和改善产品结构，促进转化和加工贸易升级。机从产品结构看，加工贸易工具业，即使是一个产品的技术含量较高的群体，但大部分仍然是劳动密集型产品和低附加值，如铣削工具，钻孔工具附加值产品，锯床，切割机，磨料，磨具等。为此，必要的努力，促进转化和加工贸易转型升级，以提高其技术含量和国内增值比重增加，刺激国内经济的发展。
当前转型和加工贸易转型升级强调以下几点：{dy}，从低档产品，如普通机床向中xx产品，升级到数控机床，低中高范围为此数控机床的数控机床的发展。第二，从硬件到硬件和软件开发，加工企业不仅提供硬件，还提供诸如一些机床出口的应用软件，控制系统应用软件和技术服务要跟上。三是从OEM开始逐步把一个自有品牌的生产。第四，加工贸易产业链的延伸，承担设备使用培训，售后维修服务和维修备件供应。
减少高污染的能源出口
国务院，国家发展和改革委员会发出通知，要求6个部门，控制高耗能，高污染，资源为基础的出口一些。若要停止对加工贸易，一些产品的产品群，以减少出口退税率。控制稀土，焦炭和其他资源为基础的出口数量。
机床出口也有一些高耗能，高污染，如磨料，磨料磨具，铸件，锻件等，还需要注意逐步减少这些产品的出口产品。中国的“十一五”规划提出，5年期间国内生产总值单位能耗应减少20％左右。国家有关部门正在制定进一步降低高耗能，高污染，资源为基础的相应措施，出口(包括减少或出口退税率等办法)，以限制这些产品的出口。磨具，磨料，以减少或加工贸易，一般贸易出口，逐步取消出口减少，铸件，对发展深加工，锻件，提高技术含量。
关注出口退税的机床工具行业出口退税率
改变原有的出口退税百分之十七退税率，从2004年1月1日起与数控机床，加工中心，组合机床三种产品外，仍然是17 ％不发生变化，17％产品13％下降为另一方。从2004年11月1日将数控齿轮从原来的出口退税的退税率百分之十三加工和非数控机床回到了17％。
实践后两年多，发现较高水平，一些技术非数控机床，出口困难的是伟大的，调低了中资企业的退税率带来很大困难。为此，该单位已建议政府部门将成为恢复的产品17％退税率，机床行业的部分：非镗铣床，火花机，磨床，龙门铣床数控机床机械，如大型压力机。这项措施可以帮助制造商降低出口成本，提高经济效益，调动了企业扩大高新技术产品出口的倡议。
同时，该单位已建议政府部门的产品，高能量高污染和稀缺的资源，产品，适当地使用，以减少出口退税率低，科技含量，有些产品应该废除出口退税。

06.9.5

Adjust the development of processing trade exports of machine tool structure

The first half of 2006, China’s Machine Tool Products Import and Export (by China Machinery Industry Federation statistics)6.564 billion U.S. dollars, than the same period last year (the same below)growth of 9.34 percent. Of this total, imports 5.095 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 8.62%; exports 1.469 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 11.95%. Imports than exports, a deficit of 3.626 billion U.S. dollars last year, a deficit of 3.378 billion U.S. dollars over the same period increased 248 million U.S. dollars.
the first half, China’s import and export of metal processing machine tools 3.876 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 45.38%. Of this total, imports 53,300 units, 3.361 billion U.S. dollars, the amount of growth of 4.4 percent, while imports 10,647 CNC machine tools to Taiwan, 1.269 billion U.S. dollars, the amount of 1.62% decline; export 3,730,000 Taiwan (marine sand, bench drill, polishing machine, etc.), the United States and 515 million million, the amount of growth of 51.2 percent, Taiwan’s 4055 exports of CNC machine tools, 112 million U.S. dollars, the amount of growth of 61.7%. Import and export trade deficit 2.846 billion U.S. dollars (including CNC machine tools deficit 1.157 billion U.S. dollars), representing a year-on-year deficit of 2.888 billion U.S. dollars to reduce the 042 million U.S. dollars.
for the first half of the Machine Tool Products imports and exports, I think attention should be given to the following questions.
further optimize the export product mix
export machine tool industry are driving the development of an extremely important factor, required close attention. At present, the optimization of the export product mix, improve export growth, industry-wide are facing two major tasks is to ensure that the industry long-term stable development of the necessary conditions and strategic choice. At present, the machine tool industry export growth despite the very fast, but the export sector accounting for the proportion of GDP remains very low. First half of this year and the last two years over the same period exports only machine tool industry Sales revenue (or industrial output)is about 13%, the proportion of less-expensive, but the export of labor-intensive products and low value-added products still account for a large share, such as bench drill, grinding wheel machine, polishing machine, sawing machine, general machine tools, abrasives, abrasives, castings, forgings, general tools, etc., need to continue efforts to improve the structure of export products.
is necessary to intensify the development of new product development efforts into the development of products with independent intellectual property rights, the importance of technical standards for the continuous improvement efforts to the international standards or to move closer to the international advanced technical standards, and continuously improve the quality of export products, the implementation of quality prices and increase economic efficiency.
export products to address different needs, diversity and access to international markets. Attention to the use of China and the ASEAN Free Trade Area of the development, grasp the ten ASEAN countries on imports of China’s Machine Tool Products to implement a low tariff and export expansion. ASEAN exports of machine tool products and pay attention to fill in the certificate of origin (FormE), in order to enjoy preferential tariff treatment. China’s enterprises can AQSIQ and its local food safety regulator to apply for a certificate of origin and export certificate.
the development of processing trade
to promote transformation and upgrading of processing trade is to expand an important import and export trade on China’s expanding exports, increasing employment, utilization of foreign capital to absorb the transfer of offshore machinery manufacturing has a very important role. To this end, China attaches great importance to the development of processing trade, the development of a number of encouraging the development of processing trade policies, regulations and management system.
2005, the machine tool industry of processing trade exports 576 million U.S. dollars this year, machine tool industry during the first half of processing trade exports 321 million U.S. dollars. First half of this year, the amount of processing trade exports have big Products: CNC horizontal lathe 17,442,200 U.S. dollars, CNC EDM 35,204,000 U.S. dollars, 63,330,600 U.S. dollars of woodworking machine tools, abrasives, abrasive 19,227,700 U.S. dollars, Metal Cutting Machine Tool Parts 1968.03 million, Sawing and Cutting Machine 20,020,700 U.S. dollars, milling tools and other interchangeable tools, such as 17,846,500 U.S. dollars. These products are concentrated in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang and other provinces and municipalities production.
to take full advantage of the labor force in China’s competitive advantages, acceptance of outside the machine tool manufacturing shift to China. China’s a good market environment, and improve laws and regulations and the government of the support policy is conducive to the development of processing trade. Should actively look for outside partners, to choose in our government-approved export processing zones, special economic zones and coastal cities or in the processing trade enterprises to develop their business. Machine tool industry is currently carried out by the processing trade, processing and assembling incoming Control, 14%, processing with imported materials accounted for 86%. To seek to carry out processing with imported materials in trade, to purchase of domestic raw materials and components, improve the domestic value-added rate.
to continuously upgrade and improve the product structure, to promote transformation and upgrading of processing trade. Machine tool industry from the processing trade in the product mix look, even though there is a group of products with a higher technological content, but most is still labor-intensive products and low value-added products, such as milling tools, drilling tools, sawing machine, cutting machine, abrasive, Abrasives, etc.. To this end, the necessary efforts to promote the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in order to improve its technical content and the proportion of domestic value-added, stimulating domestic economic development.
the current transformation and upgrading of processing trade to highlight the following points: First, from the low-grade products to the middle-grade products, such as general machine tools to upgrade to CNC machine tools, low-mid-range of high-end CNC machine tools to the development of CNC machine tools. Second, from hardware to hardware plus software development, processing enterprises will not only provide the hardware, also provides application software, such as some machine tool exports, the control system application software and technical services to keep up with. Three are from the OEM began to gradually turn a part of the production of own brands. Fourth, the extension of the processing trade industry chain, to assume the use of training equipment, after-sale repair services and repair parts supply.
reduce exports of highly polluting energy
requirements under the State Council, National Development and Reform Commission issued a notice six departments, control some of the high energy consumption, high pollution, resource-based exports. To stop a group of products of processing trade, a number of products to reduce the export tax rebate rate. Control of rare earth, coke and other resource-based exports quantity.
machine tool exports also have some high energy-consuming, highly polluting products, such as abrasives, abrasives, castings, forgings, etc., also need to pay attention to gradually reduce the export of these products. China’s “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” proposed, five-year period unit of GDP energy consumption should be reduced about 20%. National departments are being developed to further reduce the high energy consumption, high pollution, resource-based exports of the corresponding measures (including the reduction or elimination of export tax rebate rate, etc.), to restrict exports of these products. Abrasive, abrasive to the reduction or elimination of processing trade exports in general trade exports have gradually reduced; castings, forgings to the deep processing of development, improve technical content.
concerned about the export tax rebate rate of change in machine tool industry
the original export tax rebate rate of 17 percent, from January 1, 2004 onwards, with the exception of NC machine tools, machining center, machine tool portfolio three products remained 17% do not change, the other by 17% Product 13% down. From November 1, 2004 will CNC gear machining and non-CNC machine tools from the original export tax rebate rate of 13 percent went back to 17%.
practice after more than two years found that higher levels of some technical non-CNC machine tools, export difficult was great, after lowering the tax rebate rate for enterprises in the capital has caused great difficulties. To this end, the unit has recommended that government departments will be part of the restoration of Products 17% tax rebate rate, the machine tool industry has: the non-CNC machine tools of boring and milling machine, EDM, grinding machine, gantry milling machine, such as large-scale presses. This measure can help manufacturers reduce the cost of exports, enhance economic efficiency, mobilization of enterprises to expand exports of high-tech initiative.
the same time, the unit has recommended that government departments have a low technology content of products, high-energy high-pollution and the use of scarce resources, products, appropriate to reduce the export tax rebate rate, and some products should be abolished export tax rebates.

(06-9-5)