PCR 寮曠墿璁捐鍙奝remier Primer 銆丱ligo 杞欢浣跨敤鎶€宸э紙甯﹀浘鐗囷級Time锛?009-04-11 PM 21:45銆€銆€Author:bioer銆€銆€Hits:銆€锛堜腑鍥藉崗鍜屽尰绉戝ぇ瀛︿腑鍥藉尰瀛︾瀛﹂櫌鑲跨槫鐮旂┒鎵€锛屽寳浜?00021锛?br /> 鎽樿锛氭湰鏂囨棬鍦ㄤ粙缁嶄娇鐢ㄨ蒋浠惰璁CR 寮曠墿鐨勬妧宸с€傚湪PCR 寮曠墿璁捐鍘熷垯鐨勫熀纭€涓婏紝璇︾粏浠嬬粛浜嗕袱绉嶅父鐢ㄥ紩鐗╄璁¤蒋浠剁殑鍩烘湰浣跨敤鏂规硶锛屽苟瀵瑰叾鍚勮嚜鐨勪紭缂虹偣杩涜浜嗘瘮杈冦€備竴鑸€у紩鐗╄嚜鍔ㄦ悳绱㈠彲閲囩敤“Premier Primer 5”杞欢锛岃€屽紩鐗╃殑璇勪环鍒嗘瀽鍒欏彲閲囩敤“Oligo 6”杞欢銆?br />鍏抽敭璇嶏細PCR锛涘紩鐗╄璁?br />涓浘鍒嗙被鍙凤細Q524 鏂囩尞鏍囪瘑鐮侊細 鏂囩珷缂栧彿锛?/p>
鑷粠1985 骞碖arny Mullis 鍙戞槑浜嗚仛鍚堥叾閾惧紡鍙嶅簲浠ユ潵锛孭CR 鎶€鏈凡鎴愪负鍒嗗瓙鐢熺墿瀛︾爺绌朵腑浣跨敤鏈€澶氥€佹渶骞挎硾鐨勬墜娈典箣涓€锛岃€屽紩鐗╄璁℃槸PCR 鎶€鏈腑鑷冲叧閲嶈鐨勪竴鐜€備娇鐢ㄤ笉鍚堥€傜殑PCR 寮曠墿瀹规槗瀵艰嚧瀹為獙澶辫触锛氳〃鐜颁负鎵╁鍑虹洰鐨勫甫涔嬪鐨勫鏉″甫锛堝褰㈡垚寮曠墿浜岃仛浣撳甫锛夛紝涓嶅嚭甯︽垨鍑哄甫寰堝急锛岀瓑绛夈€傜幇鍦≒CR 寮曠墿璁捐澶ч兘閫氳繃璁$畻鏈鸿蒋浠惰繘琛屻€傚彲浠ョ洿鎺ユ彁浜ゆā鏉垮簭鍒楀埌鐗瑰畾缃戦〉锛屽緱鍒拌璁″ソ鐨勫紩鐗╋紝涔熷彲浠ュ湪鏈湴璁$畻鏈轰笂杩愯寮曠墿璁捐涓撲笟杞欢銆備竴鑸潵璇达紝涓撻棬杩涜PCR寮曠墿璁捐鐨勪笓涓氳蒋浠跺姛鑳芥洿涓哄己澶э紝浣嗕娇鐢ㄨ捣鏉ュ嵈涓嶅お瀹规槗銆傛湰鏂囧皢灏卞紩鐗╄璁″師鍒欏強杞欢浣跨敤闂杩涜鎺㈣銆?br />寮曠墿璁捐鐨勫師鍒?br /> 寮曠墿璁捐鏈? 鏉″熀鏈師鍒欙細棣栧厛寮曠墿涓庢ā鏉跨殑搴忓垪瑕佺揣瀵嗕簰琛ワ紝鍏舵寮曠墿涓庡紩鐗╀箣闂撮伩鍏嶅舰鎴愮ǔ瀹氱殑浜岃仛浣撴垨鍙戝す缁撴瀯锛屽啀娆″紩鐗╀笉鑳藉湪妯℃澘鐨勯潪鐩殑浣嶇偣寮曞彂DNA 鑱氬悎鍙嶅簲(鍗抽敊閰?銆?br /> 鍏蜂綋瀹炵幇杩? 鏉″熀鏈師鍒欓渶瑕佽€冭檻鍒拌澶氬洜绱狅紝濡傚紩鐗╅暱搴︼紙primer length锛夛紝浜х墿闀垮害锛坧roduct length锛夛紝搴忓垪Tm 鍊?melting temperature)锛屽紩鐗╀笌妯℃澘褰㈡垚鍙岄摼鐨勫唴閮ㄧǔ瀹氭€?internal stability, 鐢?G 鍊煎弽鏄?锛屽舰鎴愬紩鐗╀簩鑱氫綋(primer dimer)鍙婂彂澶圭粨鏋勶紙duplex formation and hairpin锛夌殑鑳藉€硷紝鍦ㄩ敊閰嶄綅鐐癸紙false priming site锛夌殑寮曞彂鏁堢巼锛屽紩鐗╁強浜х墿鐨凣C 鍚噺锛坈omposition锛夛紝绛夌瓑銆傚繀瑕佹椂杩橀渶瀵瑰紩鐗╄繘琛屼慨楗帮紝濡傚鍔犻檺鍒舵€у唴鍒囬叾浣嶇偣锛屽紩杩涚獊鍙樼瓑銆傛牴鎹湁鍏冲弬鑰冭祫鏂欏拰绗旇€呭湪瀹炶返涓殑鎬荤粨锛屽紩鐗╄璁″簲娉ㄦ剰濡備笅瑕佺偣锛?br />1. 寮曠墿鐨勯暱搴︿竴鑸负15-30 bp锛屽父鐢ㄧ殑鏄?8-27 bp锛屼絾涓嶅簲澶т簬38锛屽洜涓鸿繃闀夸細瀵艰嚧鍏跺欢浼告俯搴﹀ぇ浜?4鈩冿紝涓嶉€備簬Taq DNA 鑱氬悎閰惰繘琛屽弽搴斻€?br />2. 寮曠墿搴忓垪鍦ㄦā鏉垮唴搴斿綋娌℃湁鐩镐技鎬ц緝楂橈紝灏ゅ叾鏄?’绔浉浼兼€ц緝楂樼殑搴忓垪锛屽惁鍒欏鏄撳鑷撮敊閰嶃€傚紩鐗?’绔嚭鐜? 涓互涓婄殑杩炵画纰卞熀锛屽GGG 鎴朇CC锛屼篃浼氫娇閿欒寮曞彂鏈虹巼澧炲姞銆?br />3. 寮曠墿3’绔殑鏈綅纰卞熀瀵筎aq 閰剁殑DNA 鍚堟垚鏁堢巼鏈夎緝澶х殑褰卞搷銆備笉鍚岀殑鏈綅纰卞熀鍦ㄩ敊閰嶄綅缃鑷翠笉鍚岀殑鎵╁鏁堢巼锛屾湯浣嶇⒈鍩轰负A 鐨勯敊閰嶆晥鐜囨槑鏄鹃珮浜庡叾浠? 涓⒈鍩猴紝鍥犳搴斿綋閬垮厤鍦ㄥ紩鐗╃殑3’绔娇鐢ㄧ⒈鍩篈銆傚彟澶栵紝寮曠墿浜岃仛浣撴垨鍙戝す缁撴瀯涔熷彲鑳藉鑷碢CR 鍙嶅簲澶辫触銆?’绔簭鍒楀PCR 褰卞搷涓嶅お澶э紝鍥犳甯哥敤鏉ュ紩杩涗慨楗颁綅鐐规垨鏍囪鐗┿€?br />4. 寮曠墿搴忓垪鐨凣C 鍚噺涓€鑸负40-60%锛岃繃楂樻垨杩囦綆閮戒笉鍒╀簬寮曞彂鍙嶅簲銆備笂涓嬫父寮曠墿鐨凣C鍚噺涓嶈兘鐩稿樊澶ぇ銆?br />5. 寮曠墿鎵€瀵瑰簲妯℃澘浣嶇疆搴忓垪鐨凾m 鍊煎湪72鈩冨乏鍙冲彲浣垮鎬ф潯浠舵渶浣炽€俆m 鍊肩殑璁$畻鏈夊绉嶆柟娉曪紝濡傛寜鍏紡Tm锛?(G+C)锛?(A+T)锛屽湪Oligo 杞欢涓娇鐢ㄧ殑鏄渶閭昏繎娉?the nearest neighbor method) 銆?br />6. ?G 鍊兼槸鎸嘍NA 鍙岄摼褰㈡垚鎵€闇€鐨勮嚜鐢辫兘锛岃鍊煎弽鏄犱簡鍙岄摼缁撴瀯鍐呴儴纰卞熀瀵圭殑鐩稿绋冲畾鎬с€傚簲褰撻€夌敤3’绔?G 鍊艰緝浣庯紙缁濆鍊间笉瓒呰繃9锛夛紝鑰?’绔拰涓棿?G 鍊肩浉瀵硅緝楂樼殑寮曠墿銆傚紩鐗╃殑3’绔殑?G 鍊艰繃楂橈紝瀹规槗鍦ㄩ敊閰嶄綅鐐瑰舰鎴愬弻閾剧粨鏋勫苟寮曞彂DNA 鑱氬悎鍙嶅簲[6]銆?br />7. 寮曠墿浜岃仛浣撳強鍙戝す缁撴瀯鐨勮兘鍊艰繃楂橈紙瓒呰繃4.5kcal/mol锛夋槗瀵艰嚧浜х敓寮曠墿浜岃仛浣撳甫锛屽苟涓旈檷浣庡紩鐗╂湁鏁堟祿搴﹁€屼娇PCR 鍙嶅簲涓嶈兘姝e父杩涜銆?br />8. 瀵瑰紩鐗╃殑淇グ涓€鑸槸鍦?’绔鍔犻叾鍒囦綅鐐癸紝搴旀牴鎹笅涓€姝ュ疄楠屼腑瑕佹彃鍏CR 浜х墿鐨勮浇浣撶殑鐩稿簲搴忓垪鑰岀‘瀹氥€?br /> 鍊煎緱涓€鎻愮殑鏄紝鍚勭妯℃澘鐨勫紩鐗╄璁¢毦搴︿笉涓€銆傛湁鐨勬ā鏉挎湰韬潯浠舵瘮杈冨洶闅撅紝渚嬪GC鍚噺鍋忛珮鎴栧亸浣庯紝瀵艰嚧鎵句笉鍒板悇绉嶆寚鏍囬兘鍗佸垎鍚堥€傜殑寮曠墿锛涘湪鐢ㄤ綔鍏嬮殕鐩殑鐨凱CR 鍥犱负浜х墿搴忓垪鐩稿鍥哄畾锛屽紩鐗╄璁$殑閫夋嫨鑷敱搴﹁緝浣庛€傚湪杩欑鎯呭喌鍙兘閫€鑰屾眰鍏舵锛屽敖閲忓幓婊¤冻鏉′欢銆?br />寮曠墿鐨勮嚜鍔ㄦ悳绱㈠拰璇勪环鍒嗘瀽 杞欢鐨勫紩鐗╄璁″姛鑳戒富瑕佷綋鐜板湪涓や釜鏂归潰锛氶鍏堟槸寮曠墿鍒嗘瀽璇勪环鍔熻兘锛岃鍔熻兘鍙湁灏戞暟鍟嗕笟鐗堣蒋浠惰兘澶熷仛鍒帮紝鍏朵腑浠?ldquo;Oligo 6”鏈€浼樼锛涘叾娆℃槸寮曠墿鐨勮嚜鍔ㄦ悳绱㈠姛鑳斤紝鍚勭杞欢鍦ㄨ繖鏂归潰鐨勪晶閲嶇偣涓嶅悓锛屽洜姝よ嚜鍔ㄦ悳绱㈢殑缁撴灉涔熶笉灏界浉鍚屻€傛嵁绗旇€呯殑缁忛獙锛岃嚜鍔ㄦ悳绱㈠姛鑳戒互“Premier Primer”涓烘渶寮轰笖鏂逛究浣跨敤锛?ldquo;Oligo 6”鍏舵锛屽叾浠栬蒋浠跺“Vector NTI Suit”銆?ldquo;Dnasis”銆?ldquo;Omiga”鍜?ldquo;Dnastar”閮藉甫鏈夊紩鐗╄嚜鍔ㄦ悳绱㈠姛鑳斤紝浣嗘悳绱㈢粨鏋滀笉鏄崄鍒嗙悊鎯炽€傝鎯冲緱鍒版晥鏋滃緢濂界殑寮曠墿锛屽湪鑷姩鎼滅储鐨勫熀纭€涓婅繕瑕佽緟浠ヤ汉宸ュ垎鏋愩€傜瑪鑰呰涓哄紩鐗╄璁¤蒋浠剁殑鏈€浣虫惌閰嶆槸“Oligo”鍜?ldquo;Premier”杞欢鍚堝苟浣跨敤锛屼互“Premier”杩涜鑷姩鎼滅储锛?ldquo;Oligo”杩涜鍒嗘瀽璇勪环锛屽姝ゅ彲蹇€熻璁″嚭鎴愬姛鐜囧緢楂樼殑寮曠墿銆?br />Primer Premier 5.0 鐨勪娇鐢ㄦ妧宸х畝浠?br />1. 鍔熻兘 “Premier”鐨勪富瑕佸姛鑳藉垎鍥涘ぇ鍧楋紝鍏朵腑鏈変笁绉嶅姛鑳芥瘮杈冨父鐢紝鍗冲紩鐗╄璁°€侀檺鍒舵€у唴鍒囬叾浣嶇偣鍒嗘瀽鍜孌NA 鍩哄厓(motif)鏌ユ壘銆?ldquo;Premier”杩樺叿鏈夊悓婧愭€у垎鏋愬姛鑳斤紝浣嗗苟闈炲叾鐗归暱锛屽湪姝ょ暐杩囥€傛澶栵紝璇ヨ蒋浠惰繕鏈変竴浜涚壒娈婂姛鑳斤紝鍏朵腑鏈€閲嶈鐨勬槸璁捐绠€骞跺紩鐗╋紝鍙﹀杩樻湁搴忓垪“鏈楄”銆丏NA 涓庤泲鐧藉簭鍒楃殑浜掓崲銆佽闊虫彁绀洪敭鐩樿緭鍏ョ瓑绛夈€?br /> 鏈夋椂闇€瑕佹牴鎹竴娈垫皑鍩洪吀搴忓垪鍙嶆帹鍒癉NA 鏉ヨ璁″紩鐗╋紝鐢变簬澶у鏁版皑鍩洪吀锛?0 绉嶅父瑙佺粨鏋勬皑鍩洪吀涓殑18 绉嶏級鐨勯仐浼犲瘑鐮佷笉鍙竴绉嶏紝鍥犳锛岀敱姘ㄥ熀閰稿簭鍒楀弽鎺―NA 搴忓垪鏃讹紝浼氶亣鍒伴儴鍒嗙⒈鍩虹殑涓嶇‘瀹氭€с€傝繖鏍疯璁″苟鍚堟垚鐨勫紩鐗╁疄闄呬笂鏄涓簭鍒楃殑娣峰拰鐗╋紝瀹冧滑鐨勫簭鍒楃粍鎴愬ぇ閮ㄥ垎鐩稿悓锛屼絾鍦ㄦ煇浜涗綅鐐规湁鎵€鍙樺寲锛岀О涔嬩负绠€骞跺紩鐗┿€傞仐浼犲瘑鐮佽鍒欏洜鐗╃鎴栫粏鑳炰簹缁撴瀯鐨勪笉鍚岃€屽紓锛屾瘮濡傚湪绾跨矑浣撳唴鐨勯仐浼犲瘑鐮佷笌缁嗚優鏍告槸涓嶄竴鏍风殑銆?ldquo;Premier”鍙互閽堝妯℃澘DNA 鐨勬潵婧愪互鐩稿簲鐨勯仐浼犲瘑鐮佽鍒欒浆鎹NA 鍜屾皑鍩洪吀搴忓垪銆傝蒋浠跺叡缁欏嚭鍏鐢熺墿浜氱粨鏋勭殑涓嶅悓閬椾紶瀵嗙爜瑙勫垯渚涚敤鎴烽€夋嫨锛屾湁绾ゆ瘺铏ぇ鏍革紙Ciliate Macronuclear锛夈€佹棤鑴婃鍔ㄧ墿绾跨矑浣擄紙Invertebrate Mitochondrion锛夈€佹敮鍘熶綋锛圡ycoplasma锛夈€佹鐗╃嚎绮掍綋锛圥lant Mitoch- ondrion锛夈€佸師鐢熷姩鐗╃嚎绮掍綋锛圥rotozoan Mitochondrion锛夈€佷竴鑸爣鍑嗭紙Standard锛夈€佽剨妞庡姩鐗╃嚎绮掍綋锛圴ertebrate Mitochondrion锛夊拰閰垫瘝绾跨矑浣擄紙Yeast Mitochondrion锛夈€?br />2. 浣跨敤姝ラ鍙婃妧宸?br />“Premier”杞欢鍚姩鐣岄潰濡備笅锛?br /> 鍏朵富瑕佸姛鑳藉湪涓荤晫闈笂涓€鐩簡鐒讹紙鎸夐挳鍔熻兘濡備笂杩帮級銆傞檺鍒舵€ч叾鍒囩偣鍒嗘瀽鍙婂熀鍏冩煡鎵惧姛鑳芥瘮杈冪畝鍗曪紝鐐瑰嚮璇ュ姛鑳芥寜閽悗锛岄€夋嫨鐩稿簲鐨勯檺鍒舵€у唴鍒囬叾鎴栧熀鍏冿紙濡?10 搴忓垪锛?35 搴忓垪绛夛級锛屾寜纭畾鍗冲彲銆傚父瑙佺殑闄愬埗鎬у唴鍒囬叾鍜屽熀鍏冧竴鑸兘鍙互鎵惧埌銆備綘杩樺彲浠ョ紪杈戞垨鑰呮坊鍔犳柊闄愬埗鎬у唴鍒囬叾鎴栧熀鍏冦€?br />杩涜寮曠墿璁捐鏃讹紝鐐瑰嚮鎸夐挳锛岀晫闈㈠涓嬶細
杩涗竴姝ョ偣鍑?img title="PCR?寮曠墿璁捐鍙奝remier?Primer?銆丱ligo?杞欢浣跨敤鎶€宸? height="28" alt="" src="http://www.bioask.cn/userfiles/image/primer3.gif" width="58" />鎸夐挳锛屽嚭鐜?ldquo;search criteria”绐楀彛锛屾湁澶氱鍙傛暟鍙互璋冩暣銆傛悳绱㈢洰鐨勶紙Seach For锛夋湁涓夌閫夐」锛孭CR 寮曠墿锛圥CR Primers锛夛紝娴嬪簭寮曠墿锛圫equencing Primers锛夛紝鏉備氦鎺㈤拡锛圚ybridization Probes锛夈€傛悳绱㈢被鍨?Search Type)鍙€夋嫨鍒嗗埆鎴栧悓鏃舵煡鎵句笂銆佷笅娓稿紩鐗╋紙Sense/Anti-sense Primer锛屾垨Both锛夛紝鎴栬€呮垚瀵规煡鎵撅紙Pairs锛夛紝鎴栬€呭垎鍒互閫傚悎涓娿€佷笅娓稿紩鐗╀负涓伙紙Compatible with Sense/Anti-sense Primer锛夈€傚彟澶栬繕鍙敼鍙橀€夋嫨鍖哄煙锛圫earch Ranges锛夛紝寮曠墿闀垮害锛圥rimer Length锛夛紝閫夋嫨鏂瑰紡锛圫earch Mode锛夛紝鍙傛暟閫夋嫨锛圫earch Parameters锛夌瓑绛夈€備娇鐢ㄨ€呭彲鏍规嵁鑷繁鐨勯渶瑕佽瀹氬悇椤瑰弬鏁般€傚鏋滄病鏈夌壒娈婅姹傦紝寤鸿浣跨敤榛樿璁剧疆銆傜劧鍚庢寜锛岄殢涔嬪嚭鐜扮殑Search Progress 绐楀彛涓樉绀篠earch Completed 鏃讹紝鍐嶆寜锛岃繖鏃舵悳绱㈢粨鏋滀互琛ㄦ牸鐨勫舰寮忓嚭鐜帮紝鏈変笁绉嶆樉绀烘柟寮忥紝涓婃父寮曠墿锛圫ense锛夛紝涓嬫父寮曠墿(Anti-sense)锛屾垚瀵规樉绀?Pairs)銆傞粯璁ゆ樉绀轰负鎴愬鏂瑰紡锛屽苟鎸変紭鍔f搴忥紙Rating锛夋帓鍒楋紝婊″垎涓?00锛屽嵆鍚勬寚鏍囧熀鏈兘鑳借揪鏍囷紙濡備笅鍥撅級銆?br />
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鏈枃鏉ユ簮浜庯細鐢熺墿闂棶鍗氬,鍘熸枃鍦板潃锛?a href="http://www.bioask.cn/html/150.html">http://www.bioask.cn/html/150.html
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