2010-05-12 16:22:45 阅读5 评论0 字号:大中小
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【同步教育信息】
一. 本周教学内容:
Unit 8 I’d like some noodles.二. 教学过程:
单元归纳
(一)语言目标
学会用英语点面食,描述面食的大小和种类以及点自己喜欢的饮料和食物,并掌握电话点餐中的日常用语,学会为比萨饼写宣传广告。(二)主题词表
(三)重点句型及日常交际用语
What kind of noodles would you like?
I’d like mutton and tomatoes.
What size noodles would you like? I’d like a large bowl.
Can I help you? I’d like ...
What’s your phone number? It’s 849-5033.
What’s your address? 233 Green street.(四)语法
1. 学习并掌握情态动词“would”的使用方法,并能够熟练使用它进行对话交流。
2. 掌握句型 would like。
3. 复习动词“like”在一般现在时态中的肯定式和否定式。
4. 可数名词:mushrooms,green peppers,onions,olives,tomatoes,hot dogs,hamburgers。
不可数名词:cheese,pepperoni,orange juice,iced tea,lemonade。(五)重点解析
1. would like
动词短语意为“想要,愿意”,相当于want,但比want语气委婉,没有人称和单复数的变化,would可以和主语缩写成“’d”的形式。
它比较固定的搭配有三种:
(1)would like sth. 跟名词或代词作宾语表示想要某物。如:
I’d / I would like some noodles.
我要些面条。
(2)would like to do sth. 想干某事
He’d / He would like to talk with you.
他想和你谈谈。
(3)would like sb. to do sth.
想要某人干某事
They’d / They would like me to stay here.
他们要我留下来。2. size的用法
名词,意思是“尺寸、尺码、大小”。既可以表示物体的大小,又可以用来表示服装、鞋帽等的尺码、号码等。常以large,简写为L(XL超大号的),medium简写为M(中号的),small简写为S(小号的)来表示。如:
What size shoes do you wear?
你穿多大的鞋?
I wear size 7.
我穿七号的。3. or的用法
or是连词,意为“和”用于否定句,如:I don’t like onions, green tea or porridge. 我不喜欢洋葱、绿茶和粥。
△or还可用作来表示选择,意为“或者,否则”等。如:
Is it red or black?
是红的还是黑的?
Be quick, or you’ll be late.
快点,否则你就要迟到了。
△在否定句中,如果所连的两个词前后都有否定词时,则用and,而不用or来连接。如:
It has no arms and no legs = It has no arms or legs.
它没有胳膊,也没有腿。4. as well as
as well as作“也,还”解,其含义相当于too或also,但too,also是副词,而as well as是连词。如:
(1)We have two great new toppings.
我们有两种特殊的新式配料。
We also have great salad as well as drinks and iced tea.
我们也有上好的沙拉,还有饮料和冰茶。
△(2)His friend as well as his parents likes playing computer game.
他的父母还有他的朋友喜欢玩电子游戏。
△as well as连接两个名词或两个代词作主语时,谓语动词在人称与数上与{dy}个名词或代词相一致。5. tomato和其他以-o结尾的名词的复数
以o结尾的名词复数有的要加-es,有的要加s,一般来说无生命的名词变复数时加-s,有生命则加-es,同学们不妨记住下面两句话:
(1)小马虎弹着钢琴(piano)听着收音机(radio),又到动物园(zoo)照了张相(photo),但考试得3个大鸡蛋(零分 zero),一律加s。
(2)黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)爱吃土豆(potato)西红柿(tomato),全部加es。6. 辨析large与big
big与large都有“大”的含义,但big侧重表示一个物体的块、重量,含有“庞大、笨重”之意,其反义词是little。如:The elephant is very big. large用来指体积、面积、容积及范围之大,其反义词是small。如:large family 大家庭,a large man 一个肥胖的人。在口语中big与large可互换,big较为口语化。7. 辨析and与or
and一般用于肯定句,or用于选择疑问句和否定句,两者通常不能互换使用。如句中有三个或三个以上并列成分,则and或or只连接{zh1}两个,前面的并列词用逗号隔开。如:
He likes fish and beef.
他喜欢鱼和牛肉。
He doesn’t like fish or beef.
他不喜欢鱼和牛肉。8. 可数名词与不可数名词用法对比
英语中的名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。不可数名词指无法用数量表示的名词,下面将把它们的用法列表进行对比。
可数名词 不可数名词
(1)有单数和复数两种形式。如:a book,two books;a bus,three buses。 (1)只有单数形式。如:bread,tea,water,juice,milk。
(2)可以直接用不定冠词a / an或数词来修饰。如:a cake,an apple,four boys。 (2)不能用不定冠词或数词直接修饰。如:a rice(×),a juice(×),three water(×)。
(3)可以用some,any,few(少),a few(几个),many,a lot of来修饰复数名词。如:some girls,a few friends,many pears。 (3)可以用some,any,little(少),a little(一点),much,a lot of来修饰不可数名词。如:some milk,a little tea,a lot of food。
(4)用how many来询问数量的多少。如:How many people are there in your family? (4)用how much来询问数量的多少。如:How much milk is there in the bottle?
(5)单个的单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;多个单数名词或复数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。如:Jim comes from England. / Lily and Lucy are twins. / The students are reading English books. (5)不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,但是,当不可数名词前面有复数名词短语修饰时,谓语动词就要用复数。如:There is some water in the glass. / There are three bottles of water on the table.9. order、drink的用法及词的兼类现象
△本课中出现的这两个词既可以用作动词,又可以用作形容词。如:
order:①动词:定货,预定;②名词:订单
drink:①动词:喝;②名词:饮料
△英语中把词的这种用法称为词的兼类现象,大致有如下几种情况:
△(1)名词和动词兼类。如:
Give me a cold drink, please.
请给我一杯冷饮。(名词)
Please don’t drink tea in class.
请不要在课堂上喝茶。(动词)
△(2)名词和形容词兼类。如:
He teaches us English. (名词)
He’s an English boy. (形容词)
△(3)形容词和代词兼类。如:
I can see some flowers.
我能看见一些花。(形容词)
Some of us are good at boating.
我们中的一些人擅长划船。(代词)
△(4)形容词和动词兼类。如:
The windows are open.
窗户是开着的。(形容词)
Please open the door.
请开门。(动词)
△(5)形容词和副词兼类。如:
I want to take an early bus.
我想乘早班车。(形容词)
The shop closes early on Fridays.
商店星期五关门早。(副词)
△(6)副词与介词兼类。如:
Come in, please.
请进来。(副词)
What’s that in English?
那个用英语怎么说?(介词)
△(7)名词与副词兼类。如:
Is he at home ?
他在家吗?(名词)
Let’s go home early.
咱们早点回家。(副词)
△(8)动词和介词兼类。如:
Do you like swimming?
你喜欢游泳吗?(动词)
Don’t say it like that.
别像那样说。(介词)10. would like句型及其在“购物”、“请求帮助”、“提出建议”等生活情景中的使用
△would like中的would是情态动词,它的否定句及疑问句的构成与can相同。
肯定句:I’d like a small pizza. 我要一份小比萨饼。
否定句:I wouldn’t / would not like a small pizza.
疑问句:What would you like?
Would you like a small pizza?
△would like 在生活情景中的应用
(1)购物
A:What would you like, hot dogs or hamburgers?
B:Hot dogs, please.
A:你要什么,是热狗还是汉堡包?
B:热狗。
(2)有礼貌地提出建议
— Would you like to go shopping with us?
你愿意和我们一起去购物吗?
— Yes, I’d like to. 我愿意。
(3)有礼貌地提出请求
— Would you like to help us?
你愿意帮我们吗?
— Yes, I’d love to (相当于I’d like to).
是的,我愿意。
注:would like to do 有时也可以说would love to do。11. 课文中复杂句子精析
(1)Say what you would like.
说一说你所喜欢的东西。
what在这里意为“所……的”,是连接代词引导一个宾语从句,作say的宾语。写出饺子,饮料和你所知道的其他食品的广告。you know相当于一个定语修饰foods,你为定语从句。
(六)考题解析
考题1:用方框中的词填空,有的词可以重复使用。
like,would,I’d,He’d,to,me
(1)A:What size pizza would he like?
B:___________ ___________ a small pizza.
(2)A:What would you like to do after school?
B:___________ ___________ ___________ watch a football game.
(3)A: Would you ___________ ___________ play football with us?
B: Sorry, my brother ___________ like ___________ to help him with his English.
解析:此题主要考查would like的三种固定搭配的用法。
答案:(1)He’d like
(2)I’d like to
(3)like to,would,me考题2:服装标签上的S、L、M代表是什么?(用英文写出来)
解析:此题主要考查size的用法,由上栏的讲解和题意可知答案为:
S = small(小号的) L = large(大号的) M = medium(中号的)考题3:(1)Do you want to stay at home ___________ go shopping with us?
A. and B. but C. or D. so
(贵州贵阳市中考)
(2)There is no water ___________ air on the moon.
A. so B. but C. and D. or
(广西南宁)
解析:此题考查连词or的用法:(1)句意:你是想待在家里还是跟我们一起去买东西?前后两种供选择,故答案为C。(2)句意:月球上既没有水也没有空气。在否定句中,连接两个并列的成份,用or不用and,答案为D。考题4:根据汉语意思完成句子。
我喜欢英语,语文还有数学和体育。
I like English, Chinese, ___________ ___________ ___________ math and PE.
= I like English, Chinese and I ___________ like math and PE.
= I like English, Chinese and I like math and PE, ___________.
解析:此题考查too,also和as well as的用法,根据上栏的讲解和题意可知答案为as well as,also,too。考题5:写出下列名词的复数形式。
zero ___________ photo ___________
potato ___________ Chinese ___________
zoo ___________ piano ___________
hero ___________ sheep ___________
radio ___________ kilo (公斤) ___________
tomato ___________ leaf ___________
解析:此题侧重考查以o结尾的名词的复数形式,从上栏可知答案为:
zeros zoos radios photos pianos kilos potatoes
heroes tomatoes Chinese sheep(中国人和绵羊复数同形)
leaves(以f、fe结尾的名词变复数时将f、fe改为v,再加es)考题6:根据句意,选择适当的词完成句子。
Tom’s father is a ___________ man. He has a ___________ family, a ___________ car and a ___________ garden. His cat is ___________ and cute. He comes from a ___________ and beautiful country with a long history. (large, big, little)
解析:由上栏的讲解和上文可知答案为big(a big man 大人物,用big不用large),large,big,big,little,large。考题7:— I don’t like chicken ___________ fish.
— I don’t like chicken, ___________ I like fish very much.
A. and ; and B. and ; but C. or ; but D. or ; and
(1993年高考)
解析:句意:我不喜欢鸡肉,也不喜欢鱼肉。我不喜欢鸡肉,但我很喜欢鱼肉。本题为连词的考查。{dy},在否定句中应用or,而不是and;第二,在第二句中前后两句之间为转折关系,应用but。
答案:C考题8:用a,an或some填空。
(1)A:Mike, have ___________ chicken, please.
B: Thanks. I’d like only ___________ small piece.
(2)A: Would you like ___________ soda?
B: Yes, I’d like ___________ glass of soda.
(3)A: Would he like ___________ rice for supper?
B: Yes, he’d like ___________ bowl of rice for supper.
(4)A: There is ___________ box of oranges on the floor.
B: Would you like ___________ orange?
(5)A: What’s in the bottle?
B: There is ___________ apple juice.
解析:冠词a,an只能修饰可数名词(单),some既可修饰可数名词(复数),又能修饰不可数名词,chicken,soda,rice,apple juice是不可数名词,glass,box,bowl(碗),orange,piece(块)是可数名词。因此答案为:(1)some,a;(2)some,a;(3)some,a(a bowl of rice 一碗饭);(4)a,an;(5)some。考题9:(1)用所给词的适当形式填空。
①We have sweater in all ___________. Please ___________ the picture yellow. (color)
②These ___________ are ___________. I don’t like them. I like soda and ___________. (orange)
③Scott gets up ___________ and watches the ___________ morning news on TV. (early)
④Take an ___________ for a pizza. Annie is calling up and ___________ a pizza. (order)
⑤What about a hot ___________? ___________ ___________ (not drink) like a fish?
⑥___________ and friends should be few (相当少) but good. He will (将) ___________ a seat the plane to London. (book)
解析:同一个词既可以用作名词又可用作动词的现象称为词的兼类,这也是英语中常见的构成词法之一,即:转换法。因此如何确定一个词在不同语言环境中的不同意思和不同用法,就要联系上下文来确定。
①colors(名词复数),color(动词原形)。句意:我们有各种颜色的毛衣。请把画涂成黄色。
②oranges(名词复数),orange(形容词,橙色的),orange(不可数名词:桔子汁)。
③early(副词,起得早get up early), early(the early morning news 早间新闻,形容词修饰news)。
④order(名词,订单),ordering(动词,正在订购)。句意:接受一份比萨订单。安妮正在打电话订购比萨。
⑤drink(名词),Don’t drink(动词)。句意:要一份热饮料吗?不要喝得太急。
⑥Books(名词),book(动词,预定)。句意:书与友,贵精不贵多。他将要订一张去伦敦的机票。(2)翻译词组。
①一些水;②给花浇水;③干净的教室;④打扫教室。
解析:由上栏可知答案:①some water;②water the flowers;③the clean classroom;④clean the classroom。