“閭卞皯浜戦毦棰?span lang="EN-US">”涔?/span>鎷ㄥ紑杩锋€濊鐪熺煡

鍦ㄦ煇绉嶇▼搴︿笂璇?span lang="EN-US">,绉戝鏄鏉ョ殑,鎴戜滑鎵€浣跨敤鐨勭瀛﹀悕璇?span lang="EN-US">,澶ч儴鏉ヨ嚜鏃ヨ.鏈変釜鍒瘝姹?span lang="EN-US">,鐗瑰埆鏄笌鏈剰鏈夊尯鍒殑璇嶆眹,鐩存帴闊宠瘧涔熶笉閿?span lang="EN-US">.Myth鐨勫師鎰忔槸绁炶瘽,浣嗚浆鎰忔槸鏌愮閿欒鐨勮璇?span lang="EN-US">,瀵规鏇村ソ鐨勮瘧娉曟槸杩锋€?span lang="EN-US">.缃戜笂鍏充簬閭卞皯浜戜箣姝荤殑浜夎,鏉ユ簮浜庡鐏伨鐨勪笉姝ｇ‘璁よ瘑,鐜板姞浠ヨ缁嗗垎鏋?span lang="EN-US">.

1.  鐏槸鐑殑

閫氬父,澶у涓嶆€€鐤戠伀鏄儹鐨?span lang="EN-US">.浣嗗湪鍏蜂綋鍒嗘瀽涓?span lang="EN-US">,鐏劙娓╁害涓嶆槸鍧囧寑鍒嗗竷鐨?span lang="EN-US">.鐏伨涓殑鐏劙閫氬父琚О浣滄墿鏁ｇ伀鐒?span lang="EN-US">,鎴栭潪棰勬贩鐏劙,鏄寚鐕冩枡鍜屾哀姘旀湭棰勫厛娣峰悎,鍙湁鍦ㄧ噧鏂欏拰姘ф皵鐨勬帴瑙﹂潰涓婂彂鐢熷寲瀛﹀弽搴?span lang="EN-US">(鐕冪儳),鏁呰兘閲忛兘鏄泦涓噴鏀剧殑,娓╁害鐨勫潎鍖€绋嬪害鍙栧喅浜庢祦鍔?span lang="EN-US">.瀵逛簬娴佸姩鎵板姩涓嶅己鐨勭伀鐒?span lang="EN-US">,楂樻俯浠呭眬闄愪簬澶栧眰,鍐呴儴娓╁害浠?span lang="EN-US">200~300搴?span lang="EN-US">,濡傝湣鐑涚伀鐒?span lang="EN-US">.

鍙︿竴鏂归潰,鐏劙搴曢儴,鎺ヨ繎鐕冩枡鐨勫湴鏂?span lang="EN-US">,娓╁害涔熸槸涓嶉珮鐨?span lang="EN-US">,鍥犱负鐕冩枡姹藉寲闇€瑕佸惛鐑?span lang="EN-US">,鎵€浠ヨ憲鍚嶇殑璐瑰洜鏇?span lang="EN-US">(Richard Faynman)鏇句綔杩囧疄楠?span lang="EN-US">,灏嗙噧鏂?span lang="EN-US">(澶х害鏄苯娌?span lang="EN-US">)娉煎湪鎵嬩笂鐐圭噧,鎵嬩笉瑙夌棝,鍥犵噧鏂欐苯鍖栧惛鐑殑缂樻晠.寰呬粬闀垮ぇ鍚庡啀閲嶆柊浣滄瀹為獙,涓嶇伒浜?span lang="EN-US">,鎵嬪緢鐥?span lang="EN-US">,鍘熷洜鏄墜涓婄殑姹楁瘺鐫€鐏?span lang="EN-US">,鐑у埌浜嗘牴閮?span lang="EN-US">.鍏蜂綋鍒嗘瀽鍒?/span>閭卞皯浜戣韩涓?span lang="EN-US">,鍓?span lang="EN-US">5~10鍒嗛挓浠栫殑鐥涙劅涓嶆槑鏄?span lang="EN-US">,鍥犱负鐏槸鍚戜笂鐕冪儳鐨?span lang="EN-US">,鍙湁妫夎。鐑у埌搴曞眰,鐩存帴鍚戠毊鑲や紶鐑?span lang="EN-US">,鎵嶆槸鐪熸鐨勫彈闅惧紑绔?span lang="EN-US">.

2.  鐏槸闈欐鐨?span lang="EN-US">

寰堝浜轰簤璁?/span>閭卞皯浜戞槸鍚︾Щ鍔?span lang="EN-US">,鏄熀浜庡拷鐣ュ姩鎬佺殑鐏劙鐨?span lang="EN-US">.鍥犱负娴佸姩鐨勪笉绋冲畾鎬?span lang="EN-US">,鐏劙鏄懆鏈熸€у湴鍚戜笂鑴夊姩(puffing).鍥犱负杩欑鑴夊姩,鐏簮鐨勫眬閮ㄥ彉鍖栧彲浠ュ拷鐣ヤ笉璁?span lang="EN-US">.涔熷氨鏄, 閭卞皯浜戝彲浠ヤ几鎵嬪姩鑴?span lang="EN-US">.浣嗘槸濡傛灉閭卞皯浜戠珯璧锋潵璧板姩鐨勮瘽,杩欑绉诲姩澶т簬鐏劙鐨勮剦鍔?span lang="EN-US">,瀵硅瀵熻€呰€岃█, 鐏劙鐨勮剦鍔ㄥ彲浠ュ拷鐣ヤ笉璁?span lang="EN-US">(鍗崇湅浣滈潤姝?span lang="EN-US">),鑰屼汉浣撶殑绉诲姩鍥犱负鐏劙鑰岄潪甯告槑鏄?span lang="EN-US">.鎵€浠?span lang="EN-US">,閲嶈鐨勬槸鐩稿鐨勫箙搴﹀喅瀹氫簡瑙傚療鑰呯殑璇嗗埆闅炬槗鎬?span lang="EN-US">.

3.  浜烘槸鐑ф鐨?span lang="EN-US">

浜烘槸濡備綍鍥犵伀鑷存?閫氬父浜轰滑浠ヤ负鐨勭儳姝?span lang="EN-US">,骞朵笉姝ｇ‘鍙嶆槧鐏満鐨勬儏鍐?span lang="EN-US">.鏈€甯歌鐨勬浜℃槸鐢变簬涓€姘у寲纰?span lang="EN-US">(CO)涓瘨.鍥?span lang="EN-US">CO鐨勪笌琛€娑蹭腑绾㈣鐞冪殑浜插拰鐜囪杩滃ぇ浜庢哀姘?span lang="EN-US">,鍥犳鍦ㄦ湁CO鐨勫満鍚?span lang="EN-US">,CO浼氶€愭鍙栦唬姘ф皵,琛€娑茬殑杞芥哀鑳藉姏鎬ュ墽涓嬮檷,浜洪櫡鍏ユ槒杩疯€岃嚧浜庢浜?span lang="EN-US">.杩欑姝讳骸鍗犳嵁鍥犵伀鑷存鐨勭粷澶ч儴鍒?span lang="EN-US">.鍦ㄤ竴鑸儏鍐典笅,鐏伨涓殑鍚哀閲忎綆浜?span lang="EN-US">13%灏变笉鏀寔鐕冪儳,鑰?span lang="EN-US">CO鏄伀鐏剧殑蹇呯劧浜х墿,鎵€浠?span lang="EN-US">CO涓瘨鐨勬瘮鐜囨渶澶?span lang="EN-US">.

鍏舵鐨勫師鍥犳槸缂烘哀绐掓伅(suffocate),鍥犱负鏌愮鍘熷洜,绌烘皵涓殑姘ф皵闄嶄负闆?span lang="EN-US">,濡傚北涓滄綔姘磋墖浜嬫晠(鍥犲彂鍔ㄦ満鐨勪笉姝ｅ父鍚姩鑰岃€楀敖浜嗘墍鏈夌殑姘ф皵),鎴栧嚌鍥烘苯娌瑰脊鐖嗙噧(鍥犳煇浜涘浐浣撶噧鏂欑噧鏂欑殑鍓х儓鐕冪儳鑰岃€楀敖浜嗘墍鏈夌殑姘ф皵).姝ゆ椂浜轰綋鎽勬哀涓洪浂,澶ц剳杩呴€熶紤鍏嬫浜?span lang="EN-US">,浜烘鏃犵棝鑻﹀湴姝诲幓.杩欎袱绉嶆浜￠兘涓庝汉浣?span lang="EN-US">(鐗瑰埆鏄ぇ鑴?span lang="EN-US">)瀵规哀姘旂殑涓ラ噸渚濊禆鏈夊叧.

鏈€灏戠殑鍙兘鎬ф槸鐑т激鑷存.閫氬父鍙栧喅浜庨蓟瀛旂浉瀵逛簬鐏殑浣嶇疆.鍙湁鐗规畩鎯呭喌涓?span lang="EN-US">,韬綋鍙楃伀鑰岄蓟瀛斿湪鐏, 閭卞皯浜戠殑鎯呭喌姝ｆ槸杩欑寮傚父鐘跺喌.

4.  鍙湁姘磋兘鐏伀

鏈変汉浜夎鏄惁鏈夐偅鏉℃按娌?span lang="EN-US">,鏄熀浜庡姘磋兘鐏伀鐨勮璇?span lang="EN-US">.浣嗚繖涓嶆槸鍞竴鐨勯€夋嫨.閫氬父灏嗘鍦ㄥ弽搴旂殑鐕冪儳鍋滀笅鏉?span lang="EN-US">,鏈変笅鍒楅€夋嫨:闄嶆俯,鍔犻€?span lang="EN-US">,闅旂鐕冩枡.姘寸伃鐏富瑕佷緷璧栭檷娓?span lang="EN-US">.鍙ｅ惞鐔勭伀鏄姞閫熸皵娴佽鐏劙涓嶈兘鑷寔,浣跨敤鍖栧鐏伀鍓傛槸鍒╃敤鏌愪簺鎴愬垎姣旀哀姘旀洿鑳戒笌鐕冩枡缁撳悎,鍥犺€岄殧绂荤噧鏂欒揪鍒扮伃鐏殑鐩殑.

閽堝娌圭伀鐫€韬?span lang="EN-US">,浠栧彲浠ユ湁濡備笅閫夋嫨:鑴辫。,灏卞湴鎵撴粴,娌欏煁,鍏ユ按,鎷嶇伃鍜屽惞鐏?span lang="EN-US">.鑴辫。鏄殧绂荤噧鏂?span lang="EN-US">, 灏卞湴鎵撴粴鍙互鍒╃敤澶у湴鍐峰嵈鐏劙,杈惧埌鐏伀鐨勭洰鐨?span lang="EN-US">. 鍚圭伃闇€瑕侀鏈?span lang="EN-US">,鏄剧劧涓嶅悎閫?span lang="EN-US">. 娌欏煁鍜屾媿鐏兘鏄埄鐢ㄥ浐浣撶殑瀵肩儹鐜囧ぇ浜庢皵浣?span lang="EN-US">,杩呴€熷喎鍗存皵浣撹€岀伃鐏?span lang="EN-US">. 鍏ユ按鏈夊閲嶆晥鏋?span lang="EN-US">,闅旂姘ф皵,鍐峰嵈鐏劙鍜岀█閲婄噧鏂?span lang="EN-US">.

閽堝閭卞皯浜戠殑鎯呭喌,鑷繁浣跨敤鏋垨姘村６鐢氳嚦寮硅嵂澶规媿鐏皬瑙勬ā娌圭伀鏄渶浣崇殑閫夋嫨(鍥犲叾鍔ㄤ綔骞呭害鏈€灏?span lang="EN-US">,涓嶆槗琚彂鐜?span lang="EN-US">),鍏抽敭瑕佸揩.鍏朵粬閫夋嫨閮藉洜闇€瑕佽捣韬槗琚彂鐜拌€屼笉鍚堥€?span lang="EN-US">.閭ｄ箞,鏁屼汉浼氫笉浼氬彂鐜板憿? 391闃靛湴涓婄殑鏁屼汉寰堥毦鐪嬪埌 (鏈夌儫涓庣伀鐨勫共鎵?span lang="EN-US">). 缇庡啗渚﹀療鏈轰笂鐨勪汉鍙兘浼氱湅鍒?span lang="EN-US">,浣嗙湅鍒颁笉绛変簬璇嗗埆.濡傛灉閭卞皯浜戣兘鍦ㄦ晫浜虹湅鍒板埌璇嗗埆鐨勭煭鏃堕棿鍐呮灉鏂鐞嗗畬姣?span lang="EN-US">,鏄湁鍙兘鏃㈢伃鐏€屽張涓嶈鍙戠幇鐨?span lang="EN-US">. 褰撶劧杩欐槸涓€绉嶄簨鍚庤钁涗寒鐨勫垎鏋?span lang="EN-US">,涓嶅悎褰撴椂鐨勬皼鍥?span lang="EN-US">,鍋囪鑰屽凡.

5. 娓╁害浠ｈ〃鑳介噺

閫氬父浜轰滑璁や负锛屽鏋滄俯搴﹂珮锛屽氨鏄兘閲忓ぇ銆傝繖鏄笉姝ｇ‘鐨勩€傛俯搴︽槸鑳介噺鐨勪竴绉嶅害閲忥紝杩橀渶瑕佸彟涓€涓弬鏁扮儹瀹归噺鏉ュ叡鍚岀‘璁よ兘閲忕殑澶у皬銆?鐢伴暱闇栨浘缁忓湪鍗氬＋璧勬牸鍙ｈ瘯涓亣鍒版暀鎺堟彁闂紝浠€涔堟槸鐑姏瀛︽渶閲嶈鐨勫弬鏁帮紝褰撶劧鏄俯搴︺€傛皵浣撳拰鍥轰綋鐨勬瘮鐑笉涓€鏍凤紝鐩稿悓鐨勬俯搴︿笅锛屾皵浣撳拰鍥轰綋鎵€鍚殑鑳介噺褰撶劧涓嶄竴鏍枫€傝繖閲岋紝閭卞皯浜戦毦棰樼殑鐑姏瀛﹂棶棰樺疄璐ㄦ槸姘斾綋鐏劙鍔犵儹鍥轰綋寮硅嵂锛屾潯浠舵槸鑳介噺姹囪仛涓嶆暎銆傜敱浜庡脊鑽斁鍦ㄥ湴涓婏紝鎶婂脊鑽拰鍛ㄥ洿鐨勫湡鍦伴兘鍔犵儹鍒扮垎鐐哥殑娓╁害锛屾皵浣撶伀鐒扮殑鑳介噺鏄剧劧鏄笉瓒崇殑銆傚鏋滀竴瀹氳鐐圭噧锛屽繀椤绘妸寮硅嵂鏋剁┖锛屽噺灏戠儹鎹熷け锛屽湪涓€瀹氭椂闂翠互鍚庯紝寮硅嵂鏄湁鍙兘鐖嗙偢鐨勩€?span lang="EN-US">

6锛庝汉浣撲笉鍙噧

浜轰綋澶ч儴鍒嗘槸姘村垎锛屾墍浠ラ€氬父浜轰滑璁や负浜轰綋涓嶅彲鐕冿紝澶т綋鏄笉閿欑殑銆傜伀鍖栫倝涓竴瀹氳鏈夊叾浠栫殑鑳芥簮锛屽惁鍒欏緢闅炬妸浜轰綋鐐圭噧锛屾洿闅剧儳灏姐€?鍙︿竴鏂归潰锛屼汉浣撻櫎浜嗙毊鑲ゅ拰楠ㄥご浠ュ锛岃繕鏈夎剛鑲紝鍚庤€呬负娌圭被锛屽彲鐕冦€傞€氬父闇€瑕佹补绫诲姪鐕冦€備簩鎴樹腑锛屽笇鐗瑰嫆鏀挎潈涓虹剼鐑у案浣擄紝璁捐浜嗕竴绉嶇壒娈婄殑澶у潙锛屽埄鐢ㄦ煇浜涗汉鑴傝偑澶氾紝澶氫笅鏉ョ殑鑴傝偑姹囬泦鍒板簳閮紝鏉ヨ妭鐪佸姪鐕冪殑鐕冩枡銆傝繖鏄竴绉嶆儏鍐点€傚彟涓€绉嶆儏鍐垫槸锛屼娇鐢ㄦ煇浜涘瀛旀潗鏂欙紙濡傜粐鐗╋紝鐑涜姱锛夋潵鎶藉彇锛堝埄鐢ㄦ瘺缁嗕綔鐢級鑴傝偑锛岄€氬父鐕冪儳缂撴參锛屼絾鑳藉鎸佷箙銆傚緢澶氫汉浣撹嚜鐕冪殑浜嬩緥锛屽彲浠ュ綊鍏ヨ繖涓€绫汇€傛墍浠ヨ锛屼汉浣撲竴鑸儏鍐典笅锛屼笉鍙噧銆傚湪鏈夊姪鐕冩垨鐑涜姱鐨勬潯浠朵笅锛屼汉浣撳彲鐕冦€?span lang="EN-US">

7. 鏋崏涓€瀹氭敮鎸佺伀钄撳欢

澶у浜夎涓轰粈涔堟病鏈夊叏鍐涜娌★紝鏄熀浜庢灟鑽夎敁寤剁伀鐒扮殑鍋囪銆傞棶棰樺湪浜庯紝鏋崏鍚按浠斤紝濡傛灉鐕冪儳锛岄渶瑕侀鍏堝共鐕ワ紝鏂硅兘鐐圭噧銆傚共鐕ヨ繃绋嬮渶瑕佽兘閲忥紝鑰屾灟鑽夌殑鑳介噺瀵嗗害涓嶉珮锛屾墍浠ョ伀鐒颁笉瓒充互鑷寔锛屽綋鐒跺氨涓嶄細钄撳欢銆傞偙灏戜簯閬囬毦锛屽拰鑷韩鐨勪綋娓╂彁鍓嶅共鐕ヤ簡鏋崏锛屼互鍙婃补绫荤噧鏂欑殑鍔╃噧浣滅敤鏈夊叧銆備綋娓╄櫧鐒朵笉楂橈紝浣嗛暱鏃堕棿鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ篃涓嶅彲灏忕湅銆?

8. 鐪嬪埌灏辨槸璇嗗埆

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