原文：
Yao Yan of reports reporter Recently, the State Council issued the Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance, the People's Bank, State Administration of Taxation "on accelerating the implementation of contracts for energy services, energy management industry view" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinion"). The Government will provide financial, tax and financial support. 2015, contract energy management will be implemented using units of China's main forms of energy saving. "Opinion" launch, triggered strong reaction in the industry. Renmin University of China, climate change and low carbon economy, researcher, Associate Professor of Economics at the receiving door Shu Lin, "China's Sankei Shimbun" reporters, said the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments launched the "opinion" is to use market mechanisms to promote energy conservation, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, effective measures to cultivate a strategic new industries, new economic growth point of urgent need. Shu Lin also told reporters the door, the Chinese 90 years since the last century, introduced after the contract energy management, gave birth to hundreds of contract energy management companies (EMC). In 1998, the World Bank, Global Environment Fund, supported by the implementation of the "China Energy Conservation Promotion Project" in Beijing, Shandong, Liaoning set up three demonstration of energy service companies, contract energy management mechanism will be introduced to China. It is understood that in the actual operation of the energy management contract also face many problems. This has been proven effective in developed countries, the model has not become very popular in our country; energy service enterprises are faltering. Some experts believe that one reason for this awkward situation is sleepy capital. An anonymous saving business owners on the "China Sankei Shimbun," the reporter said that as the need to undertake energy conservation projects to advance funds, and generally amounts ranging from several million to hundreds of thousands dollars, with some projects cycle more than a few years, "If so many items, capital pressure is quite large." Business tax was too high binding energy-saving services to enterprises. According to report, the existing taxable services for the general service industry rate of 5%, another 3% tax rate, but the tax authority, "commonly used approach from a high tax rate business tax," which will undoubtedly increase this emerging industry burden. "In 2009, the national energy services company about 502, more than 4,000 energy saving projects were implemented, a total investment of 28 billion yuan, the formation of energy-saving capacity of 1350 tons of standard coal years, employing 11 million people." Door Shu Lin said that "because there is no uniform technical norms and standards, equipment produced during the actual use of energy saving effect can not be accurately verified, this is the normal trading has caused great difficulties. " However, on the whole, industry is still relatively small scale, and lower levels of development, it is difficult to adapt to the needs of the current drive for energy conservation. There difficulties in financing, tax policy and other issues need to be improved. It is understood that the PBC head office of a financial institute to support energy saving and emission reduction in the financial report said energy efficiency projects face three major risks: technical risks, financial risks and the risk of energy-saving results found. Central Institute of Finance, Dr. Liang Meng is also a media interview, said: "The most critical issue is still the technical appraisal and identification of the energy saving effect. Such as energy-saving property owners how to ensure the timely repayment, how to identify energy-saving effects are a problem, the current no effective solution. " However, HSV States securities counsel on the "China's Sankei Shimbun"'s optimistic forecast, said: "Although domestic enterprises engaged in energy management contract for the deficiencies and difficulties in financing by the disturbance, but the policy to support such business may be open space."
原文来自： http://www.shreveporttimes.com/article/20091205/NEWS01/91205007/1060

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译文：政策扶持开启节能服务业升级阀门
本报记者 姚炎中报道 　　近日，国务院转发发改委、财政部、人民银行、税务总局《关于加快推行合同能源管理促进节能服务产业发展的意见》（以下简称《意见》）。政府将提供财政、税收和金融等方面的支持。到2015年，合同 能源管理将成为中国用能单位实施节能改造的主要方式之一。《意见》推出后，在业界引发强烈反响。 　　中国人民大学气候变化与低碳经济研究所研究员、经济学院副教授门淑莲在接受《中国产经新闻》记者采访时表示，国家发展和改革委员会等部门推出了《意见》，是利用市场机制促进节能减排、减缓温室气体排放的有力措施，是培育战略性新兴产业、形成新的经济增长点的迫切要求。 　　门淑莲还告诉记者，中国自上个世纪90年代之后开始引入合同能源管理，催生了几百家 合同能源管理公司(EMC)。1998年，在世界银行、全球环境基金的支持下，实施了“中国节能促进项目”，分别在北京、山东、辽宁成立了３个示范性的节能服务公司，将合同能源管理机制引入中国。 　　据了解，合同能源管理在实际运作中也面临诸多难题。这种在发达国家被证明行之有效的模式，并 没有在我国大行其道；节能服务企业大多步履蹒跚。有专家认为，这种尴尬局面的原因之一就是资金困乏。 　　一位不愿透露姓名的节能企业老板对《中国产经新闻》的记者表示,由于承接节能项目需要先垫付资金,而且一般数额从几十万元到上百万元不等,加上有的项目周期在几年以上，“如果项目多的话,资金压力相当大”。 　　营业税过高也束缚了节能服务企业发展。据记者了解,一般应税劳务既有适用服务产业5%的税率，又有3%的税率，但税务机关“一般采用从高适用税率的办法征收营业税”，这无疑给这一新兴产业增加了负担。 　　“2009年，全国节能服务公司约502家，共实施节能项目4000多个，总投资280亿元，形成年 节能能力1350吨标准煤，从业人员达到 11万人。”门淑莲讲，“由于不存在统一的技术规范和标准，设备实际使用过程中产生的节能效果无法准确核实，这为交易的正常进行带来很大困难。” 　　不过，从总体上看，产业规模还比较小、发展水平也较低，难以适应当前推进节能工作的需要。存在 融资困难、税收政策有待完善等问题。 　　据了解，中国人民银行总行金融研究所一份有关金融支持节能减排的研究报告称，节能项目主要面临三个风险：技术风险、融资风险和节能结果认定风险。 　　央行金融研究所梁猛博士也在接受媒体采访时说：“目前最关键的问题还在技术鉴定和节能效果认定方面。比如节能业主如何保证及时还款，节能效果如何认定，都是个问题，目前还没有行之有效的解决方案。” 　　不过，国都证券法律顾问李志伟却对《中国产经新闻》记者乐观预测说：“虽然国内从事合同能源管理的企业受到补贴不足和融资难等困扰，但政策扶持可能打开此类业务的空间。”

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