原文：
线性流量特性一具有理想的线性固有流量特性的阀门会在行程范围内产生直接与阀芯行程量成正比例的流量。例如，在50%的额定行程处，流量是50%的{zd0}流量；在80%的额定行程处，流量是80%的{zd0}流量；等等。随着阀芯行程的改变，流量的改变是恒定的。具有线性特性的阀门常常指定用于液位控制以及需要恒定增益的流体控制场合。 　　等百分比流量特性－理想地，对于阀芯行程的相等增量，流量对于行程的改变可以表示为在改变时的流量的一个恒定的百分比。观察到的流量对于行程的变化在阀芯接近阀座时相对较小，而当阀芯几乎全开时相对较大。因此，具有固有等百分比流量特性的阀门在行程范围的下限部分会提供xx的调节式控制，而随着阀芯渐渐接近全开位置，会快速增加流通能力。具有等百分比流量特性的阀门可用于压力控制场合、大部分的压力降正常地由系统本身吸收而相对小部分留给控制阀的场合、以及预期有高度变化的压力降情况的场合。在大部分的实际系统里，入口压力会随着流量的增加而减少，一个等百分比的特性是合适的。由于这个原因，等百分比成为最常见的阀门特性。 　　快开流量特性一具有快开流量特性的阀门在低行程位置提供{zd0}的流量改变。流量曲线在前面40%的阀芯行程内基本上都是线性的，后面明显地变平，表明随着行程接近全开位置流量的增加很小。有快开流量特性的控制阀常用于开/关场合。在开/关场合，随着阀门开始打开，必须很快地建立起巨大的流量。结果是它们常常用于释放阀门的应用场合。快开阀门也可以选用于许多与线性流量特性被推荐使用的相同场合，因为快开特性在到达70%的{zd0}流量前是线性的。在由阀芯行程产生的流通面积与阀座的流通面积相等时，线性度急骤地减小。对于一个典型的快开控制阀，这种现象发生在阀芯行程等于四分之一的阀座直径处。 　　调节节阀的固有流量特性，是指当阀门两端差压恒定时，通过阀门的流量随开度的变化率。从物理意义上来说，阀门的固有流量特性表明了阀门有效流通面积是如何岁开赌的变化而变化的，有快开、线性、等比分及抛物线等几种，而工程上以前三种应用最多。 　　（1）快开特性 　　在校开度范围内，流量随开度的变化率{zd0}，而随着开度的增大，流量的变化率急剧减小。 　　（2）线性特性 　　在0--{bfb}开度范围内，流量随开度的变化率为常数。 　　（3）等百分比特性 　　在校开度范围内，流量随开度的变化率增加得很小，但随着阀门开度的增加，其变化率急剧增加。 调节阀的作用： 　　调节阀（controlvalve）用于调节介质的流量、压力和液位。根据调节部位信号，自动控制阀门的开度，从而达到介质流量、压力和液位的调节。调节阀分电动调节阀、气动调节阀和液动调节阀等。 　　调节阀由电动执行机构或气动执行机构和调节阀两部分组成。调节并通常分为直通单座式和直通双座式两种，后者具有流通能力大、不平衡　　　　办小和操作稳定的特点，所以通常特别适用于大流量、高压降和泄漏少的场合。 　　流通能力Cv是选择调节阀的主要参数之一，调节阀的流通能力的定义为：当调节阀全开时，阀两端压差为0.1MPa，流体密度为1g/cm3时，每小时流径调节阀的流量数，称为流通能力，也称流量系数，以Cv表示，单位为t/h，液体的Cv值按下式计算。根据流通能力Cv值大小查表，就可以确定调节阀的公称通径DN。 　　调节阀的流量特性，是在阀两端压差保持恒定的条件下，介质流经调节阀的相对流量与它的开度之间关系。调节阀的流量特性有线性特性，等百分比特性及抛物线特性三种。三种注量特性的意义如下： 　　（1）等百分比特性（对数） 　　等百分比特性的相对行程和相对流量不成直线关系，在行程的每一点上单位行程变化所引起的流量的变化与此点的流量成正比，流量变化的百分比是相等的。所以它的优点是流量小时，流量变化小，流量大时，则流量变化大，也就是在不同开度上，具有相同的调节精度。 　　（2）线性特性（线性） 　　线性特性的相对行程和相对流量成直线关系。单位行程的变化所引起的流量变化是不变的。流量大时，流量相对值变化小，流量小时，则流量相对值变化大。 　　（3）抛物线特性 　　流量按行程的二方成比例变化，大体具有线性和等百分比特性的中间特性。 从上述三种特性的分析可以看出，就其调节性能上讲，以等百分比特性为{zy}，其调节稳定，调节性能好。而抛物线特性又比线性特性的调节性能好，可根据使用场合的要求不同，挑选其中任何一种流量特性。

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译文：
With linear flow characteristics of an ideal linear inherent flow characteristics of the valve stroke range in a direct and proportional valve stroke volume of traffic. For example, in 50% of the rated trip Department, flow is 50% of the maximum flow rate; in 80% of the rated trip Department, flow is 80% of the maximum flow; so. With the spool to change the itinerary, change is constant flow. Linear features are often earmarked for the level control valve and the need for constant gain of fluid control situations. Equal percentage flow characteristics - ideal for the spool stroke of equal increments, changes in flow rate for the trip can be expressed as changes of flow in a constant percentage. Observed changes in flow for the trip close to the spool when the valve seat is relatively small, and when the valve is almost fully open when the relatively larger. Therefore, the inherent equal percentage flow characteristics of the valve in the lower part of the travel range will be adjustable to provide precise control, while gradually close to fully open position with the spool, will rapidly increase the flow capacity. With equal percentage flow characteristics of the pressure control valve can be used for occasions, most of the pressure drop normally absorbed by the system itself, leaving a relatively small part of the control valve of the occasion, and is expected to have a high degree of change in pressure drop caused by the occasion. In most of the actual system, the inlet pressure will decrease with increasing flow, a percentage of the characteristics of such is appropriate. For this reason, such as the percentage of the most common valve characteristics. Quick opening flow characteristics of a quick opening flow characteristics with the valve travel position in the low to provide maximum flow rate change. Flow curve in front of 40% of spool travel in essentially linear, flattened behind the obvious, that travel close to the fully open position with a small extra traffic. A quick flow characteristics of control valve commonly used on / off situation. In the on / off situation, as the valve began to open, to quickly establish a large flow. The result is they are often used in applications where the release valve. Quick opening valves can also be used in many linear flow characteristics is recommended for the same occasion, as quick to reach 70% of properties in the pre-maximum flow is linear. Generated by the flow area of spool stroke the flow area and valve seat are equal, reduce the linearity abrupt. For a typical quick control valve, this phenomenon occurred in the valve seat travel is equal to one quarter of the diameter of office. Regulating the natural flow characteristics of valve section, when a constant differential pressure across the valve, the flow through the valve with the opening rate of change. From the physical sense, the inherent flow characteristics of the valve that the valve effective flow area is how the old forms of gambling, and change, there are quick opening, linear, parabolic, etc., etc., and several score, but the three previous projects species most widely used. (1) features quick Within the school opening, flow with the maximum opening rate of change, but with the opening increases, the rate of change of flow decreases rapidly. (2) linearity 0 - {bfb} within the opening, with the opening of the changes in flow rate constant. (3) the percentage of properties such as Within the school opening, with the opening of the changes in flow rate increased very little, but with the valve opening increases, the rate of change increased dramatically. Valve role: Control valve (controlvalve) for regulating media flow, pressure and liquid level. According to the signal conditioning parts, automatic control valve opening to achieve the medium flow rate, pressure and level of regulation. Sub-electric control valve control valve, pneumatic control valve and hydraulic control valve. Valve by the electric actuator or pneumatic actuator and control valve of two parts. Regulation and are usually classified into direct single-block and through engine type two, which have large flow capacity, small and unbalance do the characteristics of stable operation, it is usually suitable for high-volume, high pressure drop and leak less occasions. Cv flow capacity is to select one of the main parameters regulating valve, control valve flow capacity is defined as: when the control valve fully open, the valves at both ends of the pressure difference of 0.1MPa, fluid density 1g/cm3, the hourly flow path the number of flow control valves, known as flow capacity, also known as flow coefficient to Cv, said unit t / h, liquid Cv value calculated as follows. Flow capacity of Cv value according to the size of look-up table, we can determine the control valve nominal diameter DN. Control valve flow characteristics, is a constant pressure across the valve under the conditions of medium relative traffic flows through the valve and the relationship between its opening. Control valve flow characteristics are linear features, such as the percentage of properties and characteristics of three kinds of parabola. The significance of three flux characteristics are as follows: (1) the percentage of properties such as (log) Features such as the relative percentage of stroke and not a linear relationship between the relative flow in the stroke unit at every point on the itinerary changes caused by changes in the flow of traffic and this is proportional to the percentage change in flow rate are equal. So it has the advantage of traffic hours, traffic change is small, traffic flow, then the flow rate changes, that is, different openings on the same regulation accuracy. (2) linear features (linear) Linearity and the relative stroke linear relationship between the relative flow. Unit change in itinerary changes caused by the flow is constant. Traffic flow, the flow rate changes relative small traffic hours, the flow of large changes in relative value. (3) parabolic characteristic Flow by the second party in proportion to the itinerary changes, generally linear and equal percentage characteristics of the middle feature. From the analysis of the three characteristics can be seen speaking on the performance of its adjustment to the percentage of properties such as optimal, the regulator stability, regulated performance. The parabolic than linear characteristics of the regulation characteristic of good performance, can use the occasion of the requirements are different, select any of these flow characteristics.