译文：
化工离心泵的特点： 泵是进行液体输送的机械，化工离心泵是其中的一种，它通过叶轮使流经叶轮的液体受到离心力的作用，提高液体的机械能，从而进行液体输送，它是一个增加液体能量的机器。由于化工生产对泵的特殊要求，化工离心泵与其他离心泵相比有以下几个特点： (1)能适应化工工艺需要 泵在化工生产中，不但要输送液体物料并提供工艺要求的必要压力，还必须保证输送的物料量，在一定的化工单元操作中，要求泵的流量和扬程要稳定，保持泵高效率可靠运行。 (2)耐腐蚀 化工泵输送的介质，包括原料、反应中间物等往往多为腐蚀性介质。这就要求泵的材料选择适当和合理，保证泵的安全、稳定、长寿命运转。 (3)耐高温、低温 化工泵输送的高温介质，有流程液体物料，也有反应过程所需要和产生的载热液体。例如：冷凝液泵、锅炉给水泵、导热油泵。 化工泵输送的低温介质种类也很多，例如：液氧、液氮、甲烷等，泵的低温工作温度大都在一20~一10℃。 不管输送高温或低温的化工泵，选材和结构必须适当，必须有足够的强度，设计、制造的泵的零件能耐热冲击、热膨胀和低温冷变形、冷脆性等的影响。 (4)耐磨损、耐冲刷 由于化工泵输送的物流中含有悬浮固体颗粒，同时泵的叶轮、腔体也有的在高压高流速下工作，泵的零部件表面保护层被破坏，其寿命较短，所以必须提高化工泵的耐磨性、耐冲刷性，这就要求泵的材料选用耐磨的锰钢、陶瓷、铸铁等，选用耐冲刷的钛材、锰钢等。 (5)运行可靠 化工泵的运行可靠包括两个含义：一是长周期运行不出故障；二是运行中各种参数平稳。 运行的可靠性对化工生产至关重要。若泵经常发生故障，不仅会造成经常停产，影响产量和经济效益，而且有时还可能造成化工系统的事故。 化工泵转速的波动，会引起流量及泵出口压力的波动，使化工生产不能正常进行或系统中的反应受到影响，物料不能平衡，不仅造成浪费，甚至造成产品质量下降或使产品报废。 (6)无泄漏或少泄漏 化工泵输送的介质多数为易燃、易爆、有毒、有害的液体，一旦泄漏将严重污染环境，危及人身安全和职工的身心健康，更不符合无泄漏工厂和清洁文明工厂的要求，这就必须保证化工泵运行时不泄漏，在泵的密封上采用新技术、新材料，按规程操作，高质量检修。 (7)能输送临界状态的液体 临界状态的液体，当温度升高或压力降低时，往往会汽化。化工泵有时输送临界状态的液体，一旦液体在泵内汽化，则易于产生气蚀破坏，这就要求泵具有较高的抗气蚀性能。同时，液体的汽化，可能引起泵内动静部分的摩擦胶合，这就要求有关间隙取大一些。为了避免由于液体的汽化使机械密封、填料密封、迷宫密封等因干摩擦而破坏，这类化工泵必须有将泵内发生的气体充分排除的结构。 输送临界状态液体的泵，其轴封材料可采用自润滑性能较好的材料，如聚四氟乙烯、石墨等。对于轴封结构，除填料密封外，还可采用双端面机械密封或迷宫密封等。采用双端面机械密封时，两端面之间的空腔内，充以外来的密封液体；采用迷宫密封时，可从外界引入具有一定压力的密封气体。密封液体或密封气体漏入泵内时，对泵送介质应该是无妨的，如果漏入大气也无害。如输送临界状态的液氦时，双端面机械密封的空腔内可用甲醇作密封液体；输送易汽化的液态烃时，迷宫密封中可引入氮气。

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原文：
Chemical pump features: Pump for liquid delivery of mechanical, chemical centrifugal pump is one of them, it flows through the impeller through the impeller to the liquid by centrifugal force, and improve the mechanical energy of the liquid, which for liquid delivery, it is a fluid energy machine to increase. As the chemical industry on the special requirements of the pump, chemical pump, compared with other pump has the following characteristics: (1) to meet the needs of chemical process pumps in chemical industry, not only to transport liquid material and process requirements to provide the necessary pressure to ensure the delivery of the materials must also be the amount of certain chemical unit operation, the required flow and head to pumps stability and maintaining high efficiency and reliable operation of the pump. (2) corrosion-resistant chemical pump delivery of media, including raw materials, reaction intermediates, etc. are mostly corrosive media. This requires the pump proper and reasonable material selection to ensure the pump's security, stability, longevity fate switch. (3) high temperature, low temperature chemical heat pump transmission medium, there is flow of liquid material, the reaction process is also required and the resulting heat carrier liquid. For example: condensation pumps, boiler feed pumps, thermal oil pump. Chemical pumping are also many types of low-temperature medium, such as: oxygen, nitrogen, methane, etc. Most of the pump at a low temperature of 20 ~ 1 10 ℃. Whether high or low temperature chemical delivery pumps, material selection and structure must be appropriate, must have sufficient strength, design and manufacture of pump parts to thermal shock, thermal expansion and low temperature deformation, such as the impact of cold brittleness. (4) wear resistance, erosion transport logistics as chemical pump contains suspended solid particles, while the pump impeller chamber while others work under high pressure high flow rate, pump parts surface protection layer is destroyed, its short-lived , it is necessary to improve the wear resistance of chemical pumps, erosion-resistant nature, which requires the selection of materials pump wear the manganese steel, ceramics, cast iron, use erosion-resistant titanium, manganese, etc.. (5) reliable operation of a reliable chemical pump has two meanings: First, no long-term operation failure; Second, the smooth operation of the various parameters. Reliability is essential for chemical production. If the pump often fails, not only to cause the current cut-off, affecting the yield and economic returns, but sometimes an accident may result in chemical systems. Chemical pump speed fluctuation may cause flow and pump outlet pressure fluctuations, so the normal chemical production can not respond or system affected, the material can not balance, not only wasteful, causing the decline in product quality or the product end of life. (6) No leakage of chemical leakage or less most of the media pumping flammable, explosive, toxic, hazardous liquid, once the leak will seriously pollute the environment, endanger the physical safety and physical and mental health workers, but do not meet the factory and no leakage clean and civilized plant requirements, which must ensure that chemicals do not leak when the pump is running, the pump seal on the use of new technologies, new materials, according to operating procedures, quality maintenance. (7) to transport the critical state of the critical state of the liquid liquid, when the temperature or pressure reduction, they tend to vaporize. Chemical pumps are sometimes critical state of fluid delivery, once inside the vaporization of the liquid in the pump, then prone to cavitation damage, which requires higher pump cavitation performance. Meanwhile, liquid vaporization, static and dynamic part of the pump may cause friction bonding, which requires the space to take larger. In order to avoid vaporization of the liquid to mechanical seals, packing seals, labyrinth seals due to dry friction and damage, such chemical pump must have a place to pump the gas to remove all structures. Critical state of fluid transport pump, the seal material can be used better self-lubricating properties of materials, such as PTFE, and graphite. The seal structure, in addition to packing seal, it can also double mechanical seal or labyrinth seals. Double mechanical seal, the ends of the cavity between the surface, than to seal filling liquid; with labyrinth seal, may have some pressure from the outside into the sealed gas. Sealing liquid or gas leakage into the pump seal, the media should be nothing wrong on the pump, if leaking into the atmosphere also sound. Critical state of liquid helium, such as transportation, the double mechanical seal the cavity can be used for sealing liquid methanol; delivery easy to vaporization of liquid hydrocarbon, the labyrinth seal can be the introduction of nitrogen.