Category:Logistics and warehousing

Question:
Chinese territory which third-party logistics?

Answer:
Hello!

one, what is meant by third-party logistics

the so-called third-party logistics refers to the production and operation enterprises concentrate their efforts on the primary industry, originally belonging to deal with their own logistics activities in order to contractually delegated to the professional logistics service enterprises, through information systems and logistics enterprises to maintain close contact in order to achieve full management control of the logistics of a logistics operation and management.

third-party logistics, English expression for the Third-Party Logistics, referred to as 3PL, also referred to as TPL, is a relatively “first party” shipper and the “second party” for the purposes of the consignee. 3PL neither belongs to the first party does not belong to the second party, but by the first party or second party co-operation to provide its specialized logistics services, it does not have a commodity, not to participate in the sale of goods, but for the customer bound by contract to provide, to an alliance-based, serialized, personalized, information-based logistics agency services. The most common design of 3PL services, including logistics system, EDI capabilities, report management, cargo container transport, select the carrier, freight forwarding people, customs agents, information management, storage, consulting, freight payment, freight negotiations. As the industry in service mode is generally entered into certain period of time and business logistics service contract, so there are called third-party logistics as “contract logistics contract (contract Logistics)”. ⑤

within third-party logistics, constitutes a general can be divided into two categories: asset base of suppliers and non-asset based provider. For the asset base and suppliers, they have their own means of transport and storage, they often actually carried out the logistics operation. Rather than an asset-based provider is the management company does not own or lease assets, providing them with human resources and advanced logistics management system, professional management of customer logistics function. Broad third-party logistics can be defined as a combination of both. ① Therefore, the logistics of various sectors such as warehousing, transportation and so on strict management, coupled with professional knowledge has a large number of logistics personnel, allowing them to operate effectively throughout the logistics system. Guer, third-party logistics form, also known as “Logistics Alliance (Logistics Alliance)”.

Second, the legal definition of third-party logistics

literally, third-party logistics is defined as relating to the goods outside the shipper and consignee, the professional enterprise that is a third party to undertake the activities of Business Logistics a logistic form. In the professional literature, the third-party logistics provider is defined as “the manner determined by the contract in return bear all or part owner of the logistics activities of business enterprises. Shape the services provided can be divided into and operation-related services, and management-related services and both types of services 3. No matter what kind of shape must be higher than the past, common carrier (common carrier) and contract carrier (contract carrier) services provided.

third-party logistics corporate profits come from? essence of modern logistics management science from the promotion of new value generated, that is, we often referred to in the third source of profits. third-party logistics is the owner of the position of standing on in order to rationalize the owner for the design of enterprise’s logistics system and system operation management objectives and strive to maximize customer profitability. third-party logistics enterprise’s operational efficiency is directly with the owner of the efficiency of enterprise logistics, logistics service levels as well as the effects of logistics systems closely linked to the the integration of interests. is not a party to earn a penny, the other I lose a penny of traditional transactions, logistics cost savings for the customer the more the higher profit margins, which are essentially the traditional mode of operation different.

it is my opinion: Third-party logistics is the third-party logistics providers in a specific period of time in accordance with a specific price to the users personalized series of logistics services, is the alliance between enterprises.

First of all, third-party logistics contract-oriented range of services. third-party logistics is different from the traditional foreign association, foreign association is limited to one or a series of decentralized logistics functions, such as transport companies to provide transportation services, warehousing, warehousing services provided, the first three are under the terms of the contract logistics requirements, rather than the temporary needs and provide multi-functional, or even a full range of logistics services. in accordance with international practice, the service providers in the contract period by providing the logistics cost plus the amount of demand-side margin of 20 % fee.

second, third-party logistics is the alliance between enterprises. third-party logistics, full sharing of information between enterprises, which requires that both sides can trust each other in order to achieve more than alone could get more involved in logistics activities good results, but also, from the logistics service providers charging principles, among them are a total of risk sharing benefits; In addition, the association took place between enterprises is neither a just one or two market transactions, Also in the transaction to maintain a certain period of time, you can replace each other trading partners, in the behavior, not fully taking their lead to self-interest maximizing behavior does not lead to complete adoption of the common interest of maximizing behavior, but in respect of logistics through contractual form a considerable advantage, risk sharing, two-way or multi-element to the flow of intermediary organizations, therefore, between enterprises of logistics alliance.

Chinese:什么是第三方物流?

类别: 物流与仓储

问题:
中国国境内有哪些第三方物流?

回答:
你好！

一、 何谓第三方物流

所谓第三方物流是指生产经营企业为集中精力搞好主业，把原来属于自己处理的物流活动，以合同方式委托给专业物流服务企业，同时通过信息系统与物流企业保持密切联系，以达到对物流全程管理的控制的一种物流运作与管理方式。

第三方物流，英文表达为Third-Party Logistics，简称3PL，也简称TPL，是相对“{dy}方”发货人和“第二方”收货人而言的。3PL既不属于{dy}方，也不属于第二方，而是通过与{dy}方或第二方的合作来提供其专业化的物流服务，它不拥有商品，不参与商品的买卖，而是为客户提供以合同为约束、以结盟为基础的、系列化、个性化、信息化的物流代理服务。最常见的3PL服务包括设计物流系统、EDI能力、报表管理、货物集运、选择承运人、货代人、海关代理、信息管理、仓储、咨询、运费支付、运费谈判等。由于业的服务方式一般是与企业签订一定期限的物流服务合同，所以有人称第三方物流为“合同契约物流（contract Logistics）”。 ⑤

第三方物流内部的构成一般可分为两类：资产基础供应商和非资产基础供应商。对于资产基础供应商而言，他们有自己的运输工具和仓库，他们通常实实在在地进行物流操作。而非资产基础供应商则是管理公司，不拥有或租赁资产，他们提供人力资源和先进的物流管理系统，专业管理顾客的物流功能。广义的第三方物流可定义为两者结合。①因此，对物流各环节如仓储、运输等的严格管理，再加之拥有一大批具有专业知识的物流人才，使得他们可以有效地运转整个物流系统。故而，第三方物流形成了又称为“物流联盟（Logistics Alliance）”。

二、第三方物流的法律定义

从字面上看，第三方物流是指由与货物有关的发货人和收货人之外的专业企业，即第三方来承担企业物流活动的一种物流形态。在有关专业著作中，将第三方物流供应者定义为“通过合同的方式确定回报，承担货主企业全部或一部分物流活动的企业。所提供的服务形态可以分为与运营相关的服务，与管理相关的服务以及两者兼而有之的服务3种类型。无论哪种形态都必须高于过去的一般运输业者(common carrier)和合同运输业者(contract carrier)所提供的服务。

第三方物流企业的利润从哪里来?从本质上讲来源于现代物流管理科学的推广所产生的新价值，也就是我们经常提到的第三利润的源泉。第三方物流则是站在货主的立场上，以货主企业的物流合理化为设计系统和系统运营管理的目标，争取客户利润{zd0}化。第三方物流企业的经营效益是直接同货主企业物流效率、物流服务水平以及物流系统效果紧密联系在一起的，是利益一体化。并不是一方多赚一分钱，另一方就少赚一分钱的传统交易方式，为客户节约的物流成本越多，利润率就越高，这与传统的经营方式有本质不同。

故笔者认为：第三方物流是第三方物流提供者在特定的时间段内按照特定的价格向使用者提供的个性化的系列物流服务，是企业之间联盟关系。

首先，第三方物流是合同导向的一系列服务。第三方物流有别于传统的外协，外协只限于一项或一系列分散的物流功能，如运输公司提供运输服务、仓储公司提供仓储服务，第三方物流则根据合同条款规定的要求，而不是临时需求，提供多功能，甚至全方位的物流服务。依照国际惯例，服务提供者在合同期内按提供的物流成本加上需求方毛利额的20％收费。

第二，第三方物流是企业之间联盟关系。第三方物流的企业之间充分共享信息，这就要求双方能相互信任，才能达到比单独从事物流活动所能取得更好的效果，而且，从物流服务提供者的收费原则来看，它们之间是共担风险、共享收益；再者，企业之间所发生的关联既非仅一两次的市场交易，又在交易维持了一定的时期之后，可以相互更换交易对象，在行为上，各自不xx采取导致自身利益{zd0}化的行为，也不xx采取导致共同利益{zd0}化的行为，只是在物流方面通过契约结成优势相当、风险共担、要素双向或多向流动的中间组织，因此，企业之间是物流联盟关系。