译文：
由于阀门只让水或其他流体（如空气）沿一个方向流动，几乎可以肯定地说，它{zx0}是作为需要这种运动的早期工具——风箱的一个部件出现的。阿格里科拉在研究文艺复兴时期的冶金学的文章中说，锻铁炉风箱有一个比风眼稍长和稍宽的薄板，“薄板上覆盖着山羊皮，是用皮带捆在板上的，毛边一侧冲地面”。放置的方式是：当风箱鼓起来时，薄板打开；当风箱收缩时，薄板关闭。”瓣阀肯定远比阿格里科拉的时代为早，同楔形板风箱一样古老。但它问世的具体年代却很难确定，因为瓣阀这个术语来自古老的皮袋型风箱（在这种风箱中，操作的人可以用脚或手将风眼堵住）。显然，最早的模型大约是希腊王朝时代的青铜灯，但在罗马后期的诗人奥素尼乌斯之前还没有人提到过青铜灯的阀门。奥索尼乌斯把陆上快咽气的鱼的鳃。比作在掬木腔内往复运动时通过孔眼交替进风和挡风的羊毛阀。 　　可以说，机械上使用阀门的历史起始于克特西比的压力泵。维脱劳维斯和赫罗对压力泵作了详细的说明，他们说：“灵巧地安在管道口内的环形薄片，不会让压入容器的东西再往回跑。”看来克特西比压力泵的原始瓣阀呈长筒形，那时已用来搞屋顶通风。后来改用矩形阀，但名称仍保持不变。已经修复了几台罗马压力泵，其阀门已严重腐蚀，但还是可以辨认出来。赫伦在讲到用双气缸压力泵作灭火器时，还介绍了一种原始的跳动活门，一些在三根弯柱上滑上滑下的小圆盘。克特西比的水力机件有用来控制空气进入管道的滑阀。除此以外，在文艺复兴时期前，所有的泵和风箱阀都是瓣阀（或铰形阀）。 　　达·芬奇发明的一种锥形跳动舌门，无疑是拉梅利的机械发明手册（1588）中所画的那些舌门的来源。跟拉梅利同时代的阿勒奥蒂，在自动木偶戏中采用了一种蝴蝶阀来控制管道内的水流。但是，从赫伦的时代直到发明蒸汽机，这些跳动舌门没有一种得到广泛应用，各种阀门也没有什么变化。蒸汽机（需要对流入和流出顺序进行更xx的控制）导致了跟发动机的运转有关的精密阀门的出现，这些阀门包括纽科门设计的释放积蓄在气缸中的空气的“喷气阀”、默多克的滑阀（1799）和使双动发动机的活塞保持平衡的平衡阀。

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原文：
As the valves only allow water or other fluids (eg air) flow along one direction, almost certainly that it was first campaign as a need for such an early tool - a component of the wind box appears. Agricola in the study of the Renaissance, said the article metallurgy, wrought iron furnace bellows have a slightly longer and slightly wider than the eye of the plate, "plate covered with goatskin, is tied with a belt board , flash red side of the ground. " Placed way: when the wind box drum up, the sheet opened; when the bellows contraction, thin closed. "Flap valve is certainly far 比阿格里科拉 early age, with the same old wedge bellows. But it's come out of the concrete is hard to determine since the term flap valve type from the old leather bag bellows (in this kind of bellows, the operation can kick or block the eye). Clearly, the model is about the earliest times the Greek dynasty bronze lamp, but the late poet in Rome before the Olympics have not been mentioned factors Arrhenius bronze lamp over the valve. 奥索尼乌斯 last breath to land the fish gills. compared to the skim chamber reciprocating movement of wood turn into the wind through the hole and wind the wool valve. Can be said that the use of mechanical valves in the history began in Kete Xi pressure than the pump. Victoria de Laowei Si and HR on the detailed description of the pressure pump, they said: "An ingenious way in thin circular pipe in the mouth, pressed into the container will not make things Zaiwang Hui run." It appears Kete Xi pressure pump than the original flap valve elongated cylinder, and that was used to carry out roof ventilation. Rectangular valve was switched, but the name remains unchanged. Rome has been fixed using several pressure pump, the valve has severe corrosion, but can still be identified. Herron spoke of the double-cylinder pressure pump for fire extinguishers, they also introduced a primitive beat valve, a number of bends in the 3 slide down a small column slip on disk. Kete Xi hydraulic parts than there used to control the air to enter the slide valve. In addition, during the Renaissance, all the pumps and wind box valves are flap valves (or hinge valve). Leonardo da Vinci invented a tapered tongue beating the door, no doubt Ramelli mechanical invention Manual (1588) by painting the door that the source of the tongue. Contemporary Eleaodi with Ramelli, automatic puppet shows, a butterfly valve used to control the flow inside the tubes. However, until the invention of the steam engine era Herron, none of these beat tongue door widely used, a variety of valves have not changed. Steam engine (need to order the inflow and outflow of more precise control) led to the engine running with the emergence of precision valves, these valves, including the release of savings Newcomen design of air in the cylinder in the "Jet Valve" Murdoch's slide valve (1799) and to double-acting piston engine balance balancing valve