竞争压力来解决四个对策

出席第四届中国-东盟博览会展出的大部分东盟国家的农产品和加工产品，主要呈现出热带水果和加工系统的各种精炼银，东盟国家代表在会议认可，也对中国参展商，以促进农业产业，显示了东盟国家的工业发展的优势扩大到中国的决心，农产品出口规模。但同时，东盟进口的产品挤出中国南方，西南各省和热带水果种植业，自治区，将进一步面临严峻的挑战。
是中国在南中国水果生产
失去关税保护

明显的热带水果在中国的竞争劣势，主要分布在工厂，是在海南，广东，广西，福建，云南等省，5个自治区热带和亚热带地区位于。散装植物物种有香蕉，菠萝，龙眼，荔枝，芒果，椰子等工作，也有植物番荔枝，菠萝蜜，人心果，杨桃，木瓜，番石榴，黄色，油蜈蚣，莲雾，火龙果少量，等品种。

目前，中国的热带水果和东盟国家，在市场同类产品竞争中处于劣势明显首先，越来越多的热带水果在中国地区：东盟国家相比，更典型的热带气候条件，气候条件，积累了温度高，热带水果生产周期和植物生产单位显着。如龙眼，泰国，前4个月，广西只有1个月的收获季节，泰国，一般每公顷产量为15吨，而广西只有4到5吨，其次，热带水果生产，及时向东盟国家像在中国南部地区，海南，云南，广西等省，自治区，早期反季节品种和物种使用早期，国内水果市场机遇，抓住优势不再存在，第三市场，大部分东盟国家一般比在中国南方各省，自治区，因此，经济发展水平较低，就业成本低于中国主要产区的热带水果。据专家介绍，越南火龙果种植的劳动力成本，目前只有约一半的海南。

的专家认为，东盟和中国的南中国热带水果的生产，中国西南地区，而生产成本和价格低廉的竞争在中国水果生产周期的显着优势为消费市场占。东盟水果

迅速出国内市场排挤

由价格优势和关税减让美德，近年来，中国的水果出口量和出口量的惊人增长的东盟国家。

，根据农业部的统计部，在中国的水果，去年进口国的进口排名的数量和贸易额，泰国的东盟国家，菲律宾，越南，前五大。 2006年，中国的总进口水果来自东盟九十四点四二万吨，增长百分之14.01，对三万九点零零万美元进口，为15.41％，增加的数额。

为例，该国，“中泰蔬菜水果零关税协议”后，2003年10月至2004年9月实施，中国进口的水果和来自泰国的二百八十一点八零万吨总蔬菜，价值420000000美元，增幅超过之前的2002年10月至2003年9月协议的执行58.4％和220％。在水果进口，中国的进口自2003年以来平均每年增长百分之21.5增加泰国。去年，泰国水果出口总额为中国二十五点八○万吨，成为中国{zd0}的水果出口国。
多年来
，海南，由独特的地理位置，冬季和春季水果和蔬菜的产量和国内市场营销道德的蓬勃发展，但与东盟的竞争对手的到来形势发生了变化。根据在北京，海南，对董乎盎办公室主任农产品流通在北京介绍，今年上半年，海南西瓜市场只有6万吨，而越南西瓜在北京市场已达到40万吨。海南水果挤东盟不仅是西瓜。据海南省沉阳在提供的数据，目前农产品流通办事处，上海的沉阳南农业的约3万吨，年销售市场，而过去两年刚进入沉阳的泰国热带水果市场，年销售额已超过1万吨。

可以预见，所凭借的产品和政府，东盟国家的热带水果，水果消费在我国的生产能够占据更大的份额，推动一方面生产的竞争优势，将中国南方热带水果生产造成直接的冲击，另一方面，将生产的温带水果在其他地区生产的替代性消费的影响，其影响不可低估。 4对策

竞争压力，解决东盟

一些专家认为，工厂业主和在接受记者采访农业部门官员，这将是以下四个东盟国家的反应通过解决核电厂的行业中国的热带水果竞争压力。
首先，作为关税削减计划和执行的结果
在很短的时间来完成的，中国的主要生产热带水果区只能仓促被动地调整种植结构，影响非常严重，因此，各级政府应采取有效措施处理，尽快“中国关税计划”相关的产业带来的负面影响。这种通过财政转移支付的，对较大，经济发展和农民低水平的影响给予适当的财政补贴，或给予一定的补偿的优惠政策，帮助植物的果实和植物业主调整结构，提高生产热带水果业的产业协作能力，帮助农民发展农业生产，提高产品质量，以避免工厂业主和农民面临的损失过大，引发社会问题。

第二，中国的主要生产南果扬长避短地区要提高农业产品结构调整，减少和东盟国家的种植面积的竞争劣势的水果品种，扩大双方能够巩固国内市场份额，但也可以进入东盟国家的植物新品种的市场。广西例如对美国农业部门的成功引进红葡萄，这不是很欢迎东盟与种耕地面积的扩大，近年来，广西已成为东盟国家的优势农产品出口。

第三，东盟国家，水果生产和流通的电流分布更广泛的，主要的水果生产在中国南方地区要集中的特点，加强对现代农业的设施水平，扩大生产规模的现代化为促进农业在更高层次上的农产品品牌建设，形成一个新的市场竞争力。特别是要重视加强农业标准化生产能力，使一个非常重要的小组，以农产品加工，流通，储藏，保鲜和运输企业。

第四，中国的热带水果在东盟竞争的同类产品，能够重新获得优势，关键在于产品质量。这在海南农业发展有限公司章冠长期以来一直认为，中国与东盟在热带水果的生产相比，生产，也不是生产优势不可用，但价格不能竞争，但可以提高果品质量，提高市场竞争能力。

China’s tropical fruit industry plant by the impact of ASEAN imports

competitive pressure to resolve the four countermeasures

attend the fourth China - ASEAN Expo exhibits most of the ASEAN countries to agricultural products and processed products mainly show a variety of tropical fruits and processing system refined silver; ASEAN country representatives accredited to the meeting, also to the Chinese exhibitors to promote the agricultural industry, and shows the advantages of industrial development of ASEAN countries to expand agricultural exports to China’s determination to scale. But at the same time, ASEAN imported products by extrusion of south China, south-west provinces and autonomous regions of tropical fruit plant industry, will further face a severe challenge.

of China’s fruit production in southern China lost tariff protection

obvious competitive disadvantage of tropical fruits in China are mainly distributed in the plant is located in tropical and subtropical regions of Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Yunnan provinces, autonomous regions 5. Bulk plant species have bananas, pineapple, longan, litchi, mango, coconut and so on, also have a small amount of plant Annonaceous, jackfruit, sapodilla, star fruit, papayas, guava, yellow, oil Pothos, wax apple, dragon fruit, etc. varieties.

At present, China’s tropical fruits and the ASEAN countries, the same product in the market competitive disadvantage obvious: First of all, with the tropical fruit growing areas in China compared to ASEAN countries more typical tropical climatic conditions, climatic conditions, and accumulated temperature high, tropical fruit production cycle and plant production units significantly. Such as longan, Thailand, the harvest season for 4 months, Guangxi, only 1 month; Thailand generally yield per hectare is 15 tons, while Guangxi is only 4 to 5 tons; Second, the ASEAN countries of the tropical fruit plant, time to market as early as in southern China region, Hainan, Yunnan, Guangxi and other provinces, autonomous regions, the use of early-season varieties and species, the domestic fruit market opportunities to seize the advantage no longer exists; Third, most ASEAN countries are generally lower than the level of economic development in south China provinces and autonomous regions, Therefore, the employment cost less than the tropical fruits of China’s main producing areas. According to experts, Vietnamese dragon fruit plantation labor costs, at present only about half of Hainan.

the experts think, the ASEAN and China’s production of tropical fruits in South China, Southwest China, compared with production costs and production cycle a significant advantage in competing with low-priced fruit in China accounted for the consumer market. ASEAN fruit

rapidly crowding out the domestic market

by virtue of the price advantage and tariff concessions, in recent years, ASEAN countries on China’s fruit export volume and export amount of astonishing growth.

, according to the Ministry of Agriculture statistics, last year in China’s fruit in the importing country to import the amount of ranking the quantity and trade, the ASEAN countries of Thailand, the Philippines, Vietnam are the former top five. In 2006, China’s total fruit imports from ASEAN 944,200 tons, up 14.01 percent; the amount of 390,000,000 U.S. dollars of imports, an increase of 15.41%.

to the country as an example, the “Sino-Thai Fruit and Vegetable zero tariff agreement” after the implementation of October 2003 to September 2004, China’s imports of fruits and vegetables from Thailand a total of 2,818,000 tons, worth 420 million U.S. dollars, than prior to the implementation of the agreement from October 2002 to September 2003 increased by 58.4% and 220%. In fruit imports, China’s imports from Thailand since 2003 at an average annual increase of 21.5 percent growth. Last year, Thailand’s total fruit exports to China 258,000 tons, becoming China’s exports to the country with the largest fruit.

Over the years, Hainan, by virtue of the unique geographical location, winter and spring fruits and vegetables production and marketing in the domestic market has been thriving, but this situation with the advent of the ASEAN competitors have changed. According to the circulation of agricultural products in Beijing, Hainan, director of the Office of Dong Huang introduce first half of this year, Hainan watermelon market in Beijing is only 60,000 tons, while the Vietnamese watermelon market in Beijing has reached 400,000 tons. Hainan fruit was squeezed ASEAN is not only a Watermelon. According to Hainan Shenyang circulation of agricultural products in the Office of the data provided, at present, the market in Shenyang Shanghai South agricultural annual sales of about 30,000 tons, while the last two years was just entering the market in Shenyang tropical fruits of Thailand, annual sales have more than 10,000 tons.

can be predicted that a competitive advantage by virtue of product and production driven by the Government, the ASEAN countries the production of tropical fruits, fruit consumption in our country be able to occupy a greater share, on the one hand, will China’s southern tropical fruit production caused by direct shocks, on the other hand, will be produced in other regions of temperate fruits produce alternative consumption effect, its impact should not be underestimated. 4 Countermeasures

competitive pressure to resolve the ASEAN

some experts, plant owners and the agricultural sector officials in an interview with reporters that it would be the adoption of the following four responses from ASEAN countries to resolve China’s tropical fruits of the plant industry competitive pressures.

First of all, as a result of the introduction of tariff reduction plans and implementation are in a very short time to complete, China’s main producing areas of tropical fruits can only passively adjust to rush plant structure, the impact is severe, and therefore governments at all levels should take effective measures to deal with as soon as possible “tariff plan” for China-related industries brought about negative effects. Such as through the financial transfer payment, the impact on larger, low level of economic development areas and farmers to give appropriate financial subsidies, or compensation given to certain preferential policies to help plant fruit and plant owners to adjust the structure, enhance the production of tropical fruits industry industry collaboration capabilities, helping farmers to develop agricultural products to enhance product quality in order to avoid plant owners and farmers face losses too large to trigger a social problem.

Second, China’s main producing areas of Southern Fruit扬长避短should increase the structural adjustment of agricultural products, reduce and ASEAN countries have a competitive disadvantage of the fruit varieties of cultivated area, and expand both be able to consolidate the domestic market share, but also be able to ASEAN countries to enter the market of new varieties of plant. Guangxi’s agricultural sector such as introduction of the success of the United States red grapes, that is not very welcome ASEAN species, in recent years with the expansion of cultivated area, Guangxi has become the advantages of the ASEAN countries export agricultural products.

third, the ASEAN countries, fruit production and circulation of the current distribution is more extensive manner, the main fruit producing areas in southern China should focus on the features, enhance the level of modern agricultural facilities, and expand the production scale of modern agriculture to promote the brand construction of agricultural products , at a higher level to form a new market competitiveness. In particular, attention should be paid to strengthen the standardization of agricultural production capacity, enabling a group of great importance to agro-processing, circulation, storage, preservation and transportation enterprises.

Fourth, China’s tropical fruit similar products in the ASEAN competition, the ability to regain the advantage, the key lies in product quality. This crown in Hainan Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. Zhang long believed that China and ASEAN in tropical fruit production compared to production, nor is it productive advantages that are not available, although the price can not compete with, but it can improve fruit quality, enhance competition in the market capacity. (07-11-20)