摘要:本设计——低频数字式相位差测量系统使用FPGA和单片机相结合，构成整个系统的测控主体。FPGA主要负责采集两个同频待测正弦信号的频率和相位差所对应的时间差，而两个同频待测正弦信号经过信号整形电路变成方波后送入FPGA数据采集电路中。而单片机负责读取FPGA所采集到的数据并根据这些数据计算待测正弦信号的频率和相位差，并同时通过功能键切换在八位七段共阳极数码管上显示出待测信号的频率和相位差,具有数字显示功能。此系统具有不易受外界干扰，可靠性好，测量精度高等优点。如在此设计基础上进一步从可靠性、稳定性等方面进行完善，便可应用于实际的工业系统之中。

关键词：相位差；测量；FPGA；单片机

The Design of Low-Frequency Digital Phase Difference Measurement Instrument

Abstract: The design that low-frequency digital phase difference measurement system combines FPGA with SCM which constitutes the main measuring and controlling system of this entire design. FPGA is used to collect the time differences respectively corresponding to the frequency and phase difference of the measured sine signals with the same frequency .Ahead of that ，the measured sine signals of the same frequency should be changed to the forms of square waves by the plastic circuit module.At the same time, SCM is used to accept the data signals collected by FPGA , and then according to these data signals ,calculates the frequency and phase difference of the measured sine signals with the same frequency. And also on the meanwhile, SCM can switch the function buttons to show frequency and phase difference by the 8 Common Anode Seven-Segment LEDs which have the functions of digital display. This system can resist the outside interferences and has the advantages of reliability and high- precision measurement .If this design is further improved in stabilization and reliability , it can be used in the real industrial system .

Keywords: phase difference; measurement; FPGA; SCM

目录
序言 …………………………………………………………………………………1
系统方案设计……………………………………………………………….2
设计任务的分析………………………………………………………………2
1.1.1设计主要内容及基本要求…………………………………………………. 2
1.1.2设计研究主要条件及技术指标 ………………………………………….2
1.2系统方案的选择………………………………………………………………. 2
1.3 系统的总体设计方案…………………………………………………………… 3
第二章 系统硬件电路的设计……………………………………………………… .4
2.1 信号整形电路的设计……………………………………………………………4
2.1.1 LM339 的简介………………………………………………………………4
2.1.2最简单的信号整形电路的设计……………………………………………4
2.1.3采用了施密特触发器组成的信号整形电路的设计 ……………………..5
2.2 FPGA数据采集电路 ……………………………………………………………6
2.2.1 FPGA数据采集电路的功能分析……………………………………………6
2.2.2 FPGA数据采集电路的原理 ……………………………………………….7
2.2.3 FPGA数据采集电路中各模块确定…………………………………………8
2.3单片机数据运算控制电路的设计……………………………………………….9
2.3.1单片机数据运算控制电路的设计………………………………………..9
2.3.2数据显示电路的设计 ……………………………………………………10
第三章 软件部分的设计……………………………………………………………14
3.1 FPGA数据采集电路的VHDL语言程序设计…………………………………14
3.1.1 VHDL语言的简介…………………………………………………………14
3.1.2 VHDL语言程序设计………………………………………………………14
3.2单片机数据运算控制电路的程序设计…………………………………………15
3.2.1 数据处理的技巧分析 …………………………………………………….15
3.2.2 软件设计思路………………………………………………………………15
第四章 系统的制作与调试…………………………………………………………20
4.1硬件电路的制作与调试………………………………………………………20
4.1.1硬件电路的制作………………………………………………………….20
4.1.2硬件电路的调试………………………………………………………….20
4.2软件系统的调试 ……………………………………………………………….21
4.2.1 FPGA数据采集电路的调试……………………………………………….21
4.2.2单片机数据运算控制电路的软件制作与调试…………………………..25
4.3系统的联合调试与验证…………………………………………………………26
结束语 ……………………………………………………………………………27
参考文献………………………………………………………………………….28
附录一 元器件清单 ………………………………………………………….30
附录二 程序清单……………………………………………………………….31
1.单片机源程序…………………………………………………………….31
2.VHDL语言源程序 ……………………………………………………….47
3.测显示用的汇编程序……………………………………………………54
附录三 实物图……………………………………………………………………56
附录四 英文翻译 ………………………………………………………………58