译文:
简单来看电力流程实际上是水、蒸汽的循环流程,在此流程中选用控制阀既简单又复杂。简单的是过程介质简单,只有水和蒸汽两种,复杂的是水和蒸汽的温度与压力波动范围大,带来系列问题如:闪蒸、气蚀、冲刷、噪音、腐蚀。但首先要考虑的是控制阀的安全性与可靠性。 给水阀(主、附锅炉给水阀、复合型给水调节阀) 控制要求:控制锅炉进水量,保证蒸汽蒸发量,维持锅炉水位(主、附型锅炉给水阀系统包含两个控制阀,一台用于锅炉启动时使用,一台用于正常给水使用)。 工况情况:锅炉启动时阀门压差可达100-300公斤,流量较小,正常运行时压差较小,流量大,流量可调比为75/1-100/1。 阀门要求:WCB/WC9,对于双阀系统中的启动阀要求抗气蚀,V级关闭等级,对于复合型给水阀需使用特性化阀内件同时满足锅炉启动与正常运行时的需要。一般阀门选择为故障关。 锅炉给水泵最小流量循环阀 控制要求:使锅炉给水泵安全启动及停止运行,xx因流量过小、温升增加、水强烈气蚀使泵损坏。(老式电站有使用开关型的最小流量控制阀,同时还有使用机械式的泵自动循环阀)。 工况情况:压降达160-350公斤,是电站系统中承受压差{zd0}的阀门,流量为正常流量的30%。 阀门要求:抗气蚀,防堵结构,V级密封等级,泵启动与停止运行时阀门连续工作,泵正常启动后此阀门关闭,阀门通常为故障开。 高低加热器疏水阀(给水加热器疏水、冷凝水加热器疏水) 控制要求:控制加热器中冷凝水的位置,及时将冷凝水排放,高水位排放,正常水位疏水 工况情况:饱和水,加热器之间的控制阀压差一般为6-30公斤,{zh1}一级疏水阀直接连接冷凝器或除氧器。 阀门要求:抗闪蒸冲刷,V或VI级密封等级,阀门通常为故障开。 除氧器水位控制阀(DALC) 泵阀技术信息网|http://www.cpumps.com 控制要求:提供流量保持除氧器正常水位,通过加入蒸汽提高水温xx溶解在水中的气体。 工况情况:启动阶段流量较小,压差大温度,正常情况流量大,压差小,工况类似给水阀。 阀门要求:较低流量时有效抗气蚀。 减温阀(减温器) 控制要求:将高压水喷射入蒸汽中使蒸汽温度达到控制要求,工况情况:水,压差较大。 阀门要求:类型多样:喷嘴型,辅助雾化型,自我包容型及对夹型。 减温减压阀(高、低压旁路阀) 控制要求:将高温高压蒸汽调整到一定温度压力的蒸汽,给汽机提供一个旁路通道,锅炉能够独立汽机而工作。 工况情况:高温高压蒸汽。 阀门要求:抗热冲击,降噪,反应迅速。
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原文:
Simply look at the power flow is actually water, steam cycle process, in this process in the selection of control valves both simple and complex. Simple is the process of media simple, only the water and steam are two kinds of complex water and steam temperature and pressure fluctuations over large areas, has brought a series of issues such as: flash, cavitation, erosion, noise, corrosion. But the first thing to consider is to control the valve of security and reliability. To the valve (main, with a boiler valve, compound feed water control valve) Control requirements: Control of the boiler into the water to ensure steam evaporation, and the maintenance of the boiler water level (main, with a boiler to the valve system includes two control valves, one for the boiler starts to use, one for normal water use). Condition: The boiler starts, the valve pressure differential of up to 100-300 kg, flow rate smaller, normal operation pressure smaller, traffic flow, flow rate adjustable ratio 75/1-100/1. Valve requirements: WCB/WC9, for the dual-valve system to start valves require anti-cavitation, V-class off class for the compound to the water valve need to use features of Valve parts while meeting the boiler to start with the normal run-time needs. General valve options for fault shutdown. Boiler feed pump minimum flow circulation valve Control requirements: the boiler feed pump safe to start and stop running, to eliminate traffic is too small, temperature increase, water, strong cavitation the pump is damaged. (Old-fashioned power stations are used to switch type of the minimum flow control valves, along with the use of mechanical pumps automatically cycle valves). Conditions: The pressure drop of up to 160-350 kilograms, is the power plant system to withstand pressure the biggest valves, flow of normal flow of 30%. Valve requirements: anti-cavitation and plug up the structure, V-class seal level, pump start and stopped running when the valve continuous work, pump normally starts the valve closed, the valve usually fail to open. Low heater trap (water heaters hydrophobic, condensed water heater hydrophobic) Control requirements: Control heater condensate location, in a timely manner condensate water discharge, high water discharge, the normal water level of hydrophobic Condition: The saturated water heater between the control valve pressure is usually 6-30 kg, finally a trap directly connected to the condenser or deaerator. Valve requirements: anti-flash erosion, V, or VI level seal rating, valves typically fail to open. Deaerator Water Level Control Valve (DALC) valve technology information network Control requirements: provision of traffic to keep deaerator normal water level, by adding steam to increase temperature to eliminate dissolved in water, gases. Condition: The start-up phase flow of smaller pressure of high temperature, the normal flow of large pressure difference is small, conditions similar to the valve. Valve requirements: low-flow and effective anti-cavitation. Temperature reduction valve (desuperheater) Control requirements: the high-pressure water injection into the steam convinces steam temperature to control requirements, working conditions: The water pressure higher. Valve requirements: type of diversity: nozzle type, assisted atomization type, self-contained type and right-clip. Reduced temperature valves (high and low pressure bypass valve) Control requirements: the high-temperature high-pressure steam to adjust to a certain temperature and pressure of steam to the steam turbine to provide a bypass channel, the boiler can become independent steam turbine to work. Condition: The high temperature and pressure steam. Valve requirements: resistance to thermal shock, noise reduction, quick response.
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