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科学网-桂耀荣的博客-氯碱厂电解饱和食盐水制取NaOH的工艺流程

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鍙嬫儏閾炬帴



	瀛︾缃戠珯

	鎶ュ垔閾炬帴

	鍥句功閾炬帴

	鏁版嵁搴?/td>

	鍖栧璁哄潧

	绉戠綉鍗氬弸

鍗氫富濂藉弸

姝ｆ枃

瀛﹁€呮鑰€鑽?鍙戣〃浜?010-3-16 10:29:41
锛? 鈹? 娴忚锛?7

姘⒈鍘傜數瑙ｉケ鍜岄鐩愭按鍒跺彇NaOH鐨勫伐鑹烘祦绋?/span>

寮曞叆锛?/strong>姘⒈鍘傜數瑙ｉケ鍜岄鐩愭按鍒跺彇NaOH鐨勫伐鑹烘祦绋嬬ず鎰忓浘濡備笅鍥炬墍绀恒€備緷鎹浘瀹屾垚涓嬪垪濉┖锛?/span>

sRc=http://www.sciencenet.cn/upload/blog/images/2010/3/2010316103722375.GIF

銆€銆€锛?/span>1锛夊湪鐢佃В杩囩▼涓紝涓庣數婧愭鏋佺浉杩炵殑鐢垫瀬涓婃墍鍙戠敓鍙嶅簲鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡涓?/span>________锛屼笌鐢垫簮璐熸瀬鐩歌繛鐨勭數鏋侀檮杩戯紝婧舵恫pH_______銆傦紙閫夊～“涓嶅彉”銆?ldquo;鍗囬珮”銆佹垨“涓嬮檷”锛?/span>
銆€銆€锛?/span>2锛夊伐涓氶鐩愬惈Ca²⁺銆?/span>Mg²⁺绛夋潅璐ㄣ€傜簿鍒惰繃绋嬪彂鐢熷弽搴旂殑绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忎负___________锛?/span>__________銆?/span>
銆€銆€锛?/span>3锛夊鏋滅矖鐩愪腑SO₄²^—鍚噺杈冮珮锛屽繀椤绘坊鍔犻挕璇曞墏闄ゅ幓SO₄²^—锛岃閽¤瘯鍓傚彲浠ユ槸______銆?br />銆€銆€A锛?/span>Ba(OH)₂銆€銆€銆€B锛?/span>Ba(NO₃)₂銆€銆€銆€C锛?/span>BaCl₂
銆€銆€(4)涓烘湁鏁堥櫎鍘?/span>Ca²⁺銆?/span>Mg²⁺銆?/span>SO₄²^—锛屽姞鍏ヨ瘯鍓傜殑鍚堢悊椤哄簭涓?/span>______銆?br />銆€銆€A锛庡厛鍔?/span>NaOH锛屽悗鍔?/span>Na₂CO₃锛屽啀鍔犻挕璇曞墏
銆€銆€B锛庡厛鍔?/span>NaOH锛屽悗鍔犻挕璇曞墏锛屽啀鍔?/span>Na₂CO₃銆€銆€C锛庡厛鍔犻挕璇曞墏锛屽悗鍔?/span>NaOH锛屽啀鍔?/span>Na₂CO₃
銆€銆€(5)鑴辩洂宸ュ簭涓埄鐢?/span>NaOH鍜?/span>NaCl鍦ㄦ憾瑙ｅ害涓婄殑宸紓锛岄€氳繃______銆佸喎鍗淬€?/span>______(濉啓鎿嶄綔鍚嶇О)闄ゅ幓NaCl銆?/span>
銆€銆€(6)鍦ㄩ殧鑶滄硶鐢佃В椋熺洂姘存椂锛岀數瑙ｆЫ鍒嗛殧涓洪槼鏋佸尯鍜岄槾鏋佸尯锛岄槻姝?/span>Cl₂涓?/span>NaOH鍙嶅簲锛涢噰鐢ㄦ棤闅旇啘鐢佃В鍐风殑椋熺洂姘存椂锛?/span>Cl₂涓?/span>NaOH鍏呭垎鎺ヨЕ锛屼骇鐗╀粎鏄?/span>NaClO鍜?/span>H₂锛岀浉搴旂殑鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忎负______銆?/span>

瑙ｆ瀽锛?/strong>
銆€銆€鐢佃ВNaCl婧舵恫鏃讹紝鍦ㄤ笌鐢垫簮姝ｆ瀬鐩歌繛鐨勭數鏋佷笂(闃虫瀬)锛?/span>Cl^—澶卞幓鐢靛瓙鐢熸垚Cl₂锛?/span>2Cl^——2e^—=Cl₂↑锛涘湪涓庣數婧愯礋鏋佺浉杩炵殑鐢垫瀬(闃存瀬)鍙戠敓鐨勫弽搴斾负2H⁺鍗?/span>2e^—=H₂↑锛屾秷鑰?/span>H⁺锛屼骇鐢?/span>OH^—锛屾墍浠ラ檮杩戠殑pH涓婂崌銆?/span>
銆€銆€宸ヤ笟椋熺洂涓惈鏈夎緝澶氱殑Ca²⁺銆?/span>Mg²⁺鏉傝川锛屽彲浠ョ敤璇曞墏NaOH銆?/span>Na₂CO₃闄ゅ幓锛屾墍浠ョ瀛愬弽搴斿紡涓?/span>Ca²⁺+CO₃²^—锛?/span>CaCO₃↓锛?/span>Mg²⁺+2OH^—=Mg(OH)₂↓锛屽鏋滃惈鏈?/span>SO₄²^—锛屽垯鍙姞Ba²⁺褰㈡垚BaSO₄鐧借壊娌夋穩銆傜敱浜庝笉鑳藉紩杩涘叾浠栭槾绂诲瓙锛屾墍浠ラ挕璇曞墏鍙兘鐢?/span>BaCl₂鎴?/span>Ba(OH)₂銆備负浜嗘湁鏁堥櫎鍘?/span>Mg²⁺銆?/span>Ca²⁺鍜?/span>SO₄²^—锛屽繀椤诲厛鍔犻挕璇曞墏鎴?/span>NaOH锛屾渶鍚庡姞鍏?/span>Na₂CO₃婧舵恫锛屽鏋滃厛鍔犲叆Na₂CO₃婧舵恫锛屽悗鍔?/span>BaCl₂鎴?/span>Ba(OH)₂锛屽垯澶氫綑Ba²⁺鏃犳硶闄ゅ幓銆?/span>
銆€銆€缁忚繃涓€娈垫椂闂寸殑鐢佃В锛?/span>NaCl婧舵恫娴撳害鍦ㄤ笅闄嶏紝NaOH婧舵恫娴撳害鍦ㄤ笂鍗囥€傚綋NaOH婧舵恫璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟鍙樻垚10锛咃紝NaCl婧舵恫璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟鍙樻垚16锛呮椂锛屽仠姝㈢數瑙ｏ紝鐢佃В娑插姞鐑捀鍙戯紝鐢变簬NaOH鐨勬憾瑙ｅ害澶т簬NaCl锛屽喎鍗村悗缁忚繃婊ゅ彲寰?/span>NaCl鍥轰綋锛?/span>NaCl鍙惊鐜娇鐢ㄣ€?/span>
銆€銆€鑻ュ湪鐢佃В杩囩▼涓紝涓嶄娇鐢ㄩ殧鑶滐紝鍒欏湪闃虫瀬鍖虹敓鎴愮殑姘皵涓庨槾鏋佸尯鐢熸垚鐨?/span>NaOH婧舵恫娣峰悎锛屽彂鐢熷弽搴旓紝鍏跺弽搴斿紡涓?/span>Cl₂鍗?/span>2NaOH=NaCl鍗?/span>NaClO鍗?/span>H₂O銆傝繛鍚岀數瑙ｆ椂鍙戠敓鐨勫弽搴?/span> 锛屼袱姝ュ弽搴斿彲鍚堝苟鎴?/span> 銆?/span>

绛旀锛?/strong>
銆€銆€(1)2Cl^——2e^—锛?/span>Cl₂↑锛屽崌楂?br />銆€銆€(2)Ca²⁺+CO₃²^—=CaCO₃↓锛?/span>Mg²⁺+2OH^—=Mg(OH)₂↓
銆€銆€(3)A銆€ C
銆€銆€(4)B銆€ C
銆€銆€(5)钂稿彂锛岃繃婊?br />銆€銆€(6)
銆€銆€Cl₂鍗?/span>2NaOH=NaCl鍗?/span>NaClO鍗?/span>H₂O

鏈枃寮曠敤鍦板潃锛?

褰撳墠鎺ㄨ崘鏁帮細0

鍙戣〃璇勮锛?/td>

鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶏細

蹇呭～

鐢靛瓙閭锛?/td>

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