电液伺服阀在压路机上的应用

译文:
我国在90年代末从德国Baukema公司引进数批全液压振动式压路机,该机的关键部件是集机、电、液于一体的电液伺服阀,因市场上没有配件供应,因而使机器的维修变成一大难题。 北京机床研究所对7台德国Baukema公司全液压振动式压路机的电液伺服阀进行了改造,至今运行良好。 1 电液伺服阀工作原理 Baukema公司的全液压振动式压路机一般由二套独立的电液伺服控制系统组成,它们分别是行走机构的振动机构,其原理如图1所示。 1.磁钢 2.衔铁 3.上下导磁体 4.喷嘴 5.阀芯 6.节流孔 7.控制液压缸 8.马达 9.复位弹簧 10.柱塞 11.斜盘 12.连杆机构 13.挡板 14.弹簧管 15.控制线圈 16.调零弹簧 电液伺服阀(从图中摘掉两根据调零弹簧16)由力马达、双喷嘴挡板和滑阀三部分组成。 当控制线圈15中的电流通过时,衔铁挡板组件围绕弹簧管14的支点转动,2个喷嘴与挡板之间的间隙一边样加,一边减少;一边压力减小,一边压力增加。在这个压差的作用下,阀芯移动使进油口PS与一个控制腔相通。阀芯的移动带动反馈杆下端的小球,给衔铁挡板组件一个与电磁力矩相反的恢复力矩,当这两个力矩相等时,阀芯停在一个与输入电流成比例的位置上。若进油口PS的压务恒定,执行机构中的流量与阀芯的位置成正比时,可以得到与输入电流成比例的控制流量。 2 压路机液压伺服控制系统的工作原理 压路机液压伺服控制系统由电液伺服阀、连杆机构、变量柱塞泵和马达(如用在行走机构中为行走马达,如用在振动机构中为振动马达)组成。在控制线圈15无输入电流时,通过调节调零弹簧16,使阀芯处于零位,此时,PS腔和R腔、A腔和B腔互不相通。且A、B两腔的压力相等,两个控制液压缸7在复位弹簧的作用下,将斜盘11的倾角α变为0º,此时变量西半球塞泵无油液输出,马达8不工作;如果控制线圈15输入一电流信号,则电流伺阀输出一定的流量,设A腔为输出油腔,B腔为回油腔(如图1所示),与A腔相通的控制液压缸7推动斜盘转动一个角度,斜盘通过连杆机构12进行反馈,拉动调零弹簧16,使阀芯回到零位。此时,斜盘便平衡在某一设定角度,马达以一定的速度的扭矩工作,当输入到控制线圈的信号发生变化时,马达的速度也随之改变。即压路机的行走速度随输入信号的变化声明变化。振动幅度的振动频率亦随着输入信号的变化而改变。 3 电液伺服阀的使用和维护 该机类型压路机最易出现故障且最难维修的部位是电液伺服阀。 电液伺服阀出现的故障大多是由油液污染造成的。为此,在更换或添加新油时必须用过滤器进行过滤36h以上,以确保工作油液的清洁度达到NAS7—8级。 以下简介电液阀的常见故障及排除方法。 (1)马达不能旋转,应检查下列部位; A.线圈的接线方向是否正确; B.线圈的引出线是否松焊; C.线圈的阻值是否正确; D.进回油管路是否畅通; E.进回油管是否接反; F.阀芯是否卡死。 (2)马达只能朝一个方向旋转,改变控制线圈的输入信号不起作用。应检查: A.两个节流是否堵塞; B.喷嘴是否堵塞; C.弹簧管是否折断; D.阀芯是否卡死。 (3)改变控制线圈的输入信号,马达有两个正反方向的{zd0}速度旋转,但不能调节速度大小。应检查: A.反馈杆是否折断; B.反馈杆下部钢球是否脱落。 (4)电液伺服阀漏油,应检查漏油部位; A.顶盖或信号插座漏油,查看机座论著面和弹簧管处密封圈是否老化,检查弹簧管是否破裂; B.阀体端盖漏油,检查端盖上各处密封圈是否老化或损坏; C.阀体底部漏油,应拆下伺服阀,检查阀体底部密封圈是否老化或损坏。

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原文:
China in the late 90s from the German company has introduced several batches Baukema full hydraulic vibratory rollers, the machine key component is a mechanical, electrical and fluid in one of the electro-hydraulic servo valve, because the market does not have spare parts supply, and thus the maintenance of the machine become a major challenge. Beijing Machine Tool Institute of seven Taiwan and Germany Baukema's full hydraulic vibratory road roller of electro-hydraulic servo valve has been transformed so far running well. An electro-hydraulic servo valve works Baukema the company's full hydraulic vibratory rollers are generally two sets of independent electro-hydraulic servo control system, namely the walking mechanism of the vibrating body, the principles shown in Figure 1. 1. Alnico 2. Armature 3. The upper and lower guide magnet 4. Nozzle 5. Spool 6. Orifices 7. Controlled hydraulic cylinder 8. Motor 9. Reset spring 10. Plunger 11. Swashplate 12. Linkage 13. Tailgate 14. Spring tube 15. Control of the coil 16. Zeroing spring Electro-hydraulic servo valve (cast off from the graph according to two-zero spring 16) from power motor, dual-nozzle baffle and the slide-valve of three parts. When the control in current through the coil 15, the armature spring tube baffle component 14 pivot around the rotation, two nozzles and the gap between baffle side like Canada, while reduced; while the pressure decreases, while increase in pressure. The role of this pressure, the spool moving to PS with an inlet control chamber interlinked. Feedback from the mobile drive spool rod bottom of the small ball, to the armature and the electromagnetic torque baffle component a restoration of the opposite torque, when the two moments are equal, the spool stopped at an input current proportional to the position. PS, if the inlet pressure constant service, the implementing agency of the flow and spool position is proportional to, we can get with the input current is proportional to the control of traffic. 2 roller hydraulic servo control system works Roller hydraulic servo control system consists of electro-hydraulic servo valve, linkage, variable piston pumps and motors (as used in the running gear for walking motor, as used in the vibration body for the vibration motor) component. In the control coil 15 when no input current by adjusting the zero spring 16, so that spool is zero at this time, PS cavity and R-cavity, A chamber cavity and B pass each other. And A, B two cavity pressure equal to two controlled hydraulic cylinder 7 in the reduction under the action of the spring will be the inclination of swashplate 11 α becomes 0 º, at this time variable is the Western Hemisphere plug pumps without oil output, motor 8 does not work; Enter a 15 if the control coil current signal, then the output current servo valve must flow, let A cavity for the output of the oil cavity, B cavity for the return oil chamber (shown in Figure 1), and A cavity interlinked controlled hydraulic cylinder 7 to promote a swashplate rotation angle of swashplate 12 through the feedback linkage mechanism, pulling zero spring 16, so that spool back to zero. At this point, oblique plate will be set at a balancing point of view, to a certain speed motor torque to work to control the coil when the input signal changes, the motor speed change. That the rollers travel speed with the changes in the input signal changes in the statement. Vibration amplitude of the vibration frequency changes along with the input signal change. 3, use and maintenance of electro-hydraulic servo valve The aircraft types most likely to fail and the roller the most difficult part of it is electro-hydraulic servo valve repairs. Electro-hydraulic servo valve failure occurred mostly by oil pollution. To this end, replace or add new oil filter must be used to filter more than 36h in order to ensure the cleanliness of the work of oil reached NAS7-8 Ji. Following introduction of electro-hydraulic valve of the Common Faults and exclusion method. (1) The motor does not rotate, should check the following site; A. the direction of the coil wiring is correct; B. The Lead-out coil is loose welding; C. Coil resistance is correct; D. whether the flow path into the return pipe; E. into the return pipe is reversed; F. spool is stuck. (2) The motor can rotate in one direction to change the control of the coil input signal does not work. Should be checked: A. 2 throttle is blocked; B. nozzle is blocked; C. spring tube is broken; D. spool is stuck. (3) a change in control of the input signal coils, motors there are two positive and negative directions of maximum speed of rotation, but you can not adjust the size of the speed. Should be checked: A. feedback pole is broken; B. feedback pole is off the lower ball. (4) electro-hydraulic servo valve leakage, should check the oil spill site; A. socket cap or signal leakage, see Stand on the tube at the surface and spring ring is aging, check the spring tube is broken; B. valve cover leak, check whether the seals around the end cap on aging or damaged; C. valve at the bottom of oil spills should be removed servo valve, check valve at the bottom of whether the aging or damaged seals.


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