手术前为什么要做艾滋病检测
 
2010年03月01日 09:26:23 　中国柯桥网　　　
 
　　手术前艾滋病检查是俗称的“术前四项检查”之一，目的以确诊患者是否患有或感染了这种病。但许多病人或家属往往难以理解,我是来做手术的,为什么要给我做艾滋病检测呢?这里就向大家解释一下。

　　医源性传播是艾滋病血液传播途径之一。血液传播是感染HIV最直接的途径，如输入被病毒污染的血液，尤其是“窗口期”的血液(即献血者已被病毒感染，但还未出现抗体的阶段所献血液，不能被现有的检测手段查出)；使用了被污染而又未经严格xx的医疗器械，包括注射器、针灸针、口腔科器械、妇产科的接生用具以及外科手术用的刀子、剪子、钳子等。另外，在做胃镜、肠镜、膀胱镜等介入检查和xx时，都有感染艾滋病病毒及其他病毒的可能性。因此，在临床xx中，进行术前四项检查可以帮助医生针对不同的患者制定不同的xx方案。

　　按照医疗管理制度，感染艾滋病病毒的患者，对其诊疗的安排以及所用器械、物品和代谢物的处理都有别于普通患者。在医院，患有传染病的患者不能同普通病人住同一房间，手术时也要安排到特殊感染手术室。携带这几类病原体的患者使用的医疗器械，都要经过特殊的xx程序，如使用单独的xx包，除了一般的xx流程外还要多次xx，并进行相关指标的检验。

　　切断医源性感染，不仅对住院病人，而且对于医护人员的职业防护也具有重要意义。据统计，医务人员每年受锐器损伤的比例高达11%～24%，其中因锐器损伤而导致的感染中，艾滋病占3.2%。同时，医务人员每天接触各种疾病的患者以及患者的体液、血液、分泌物时，遭受感染的几率会增大。因此，术前对患者进行四项检查，如果发现阳性患者，可以警示医务人员格外注意。

　　术前四项检查有助于减少医疗纠纷，一个病人输血或动手术后发现感染了艾滋病，是输血和医源性感染所致，还是患者接受xx或入院前已被感染，这就需要与患者手术前或输血前检查的资料进行对比。如果查了，责任就好分了；如果没查，那就难搞清了。
 
来源： 绍兴县报  作者： 县疾控中心 徐峰  编辑： 吴达峰 
手術前為什麼要做艾滋病檢測
 
2010年03月01日09:26:23 　中國柯橋網
  
手術前艾滋病檢查是俗稱的“術前四項檢查”之一，目的以確診患者是否患有或感染了這種病。但許多病人或家屬往往難以理解,我是來做手術的,為什麼要給我做艾滋病檢測呢?這裡就向大家解釋一下。

醫源性傳播是艾滋病血液傳播途徑之一。血液傳播是感染HIV最直接的途徑，如輸入被病毒污染的血液，尤其是“窗口期”的血液(即獻血者已被病毒感染，但還未出現抗體的階段所獻血液，不能被現有的檢測手段查出)；使用了被污染而又未經嚴格xx的醫療器械，包括注射器、針灸針、口腔科器械、婦產科的接生用具以及外科手術用的刀子、剪子、鉗子等。另外，在做胃鏡、腸鏡、膀胱鏡等介入檢查和治療時，都有感染艾滋病病毒及其他病毒的可能性。因此，在臨床治療中，進行術前四項檢查可以幫助醫生針對不同的患者制定不同的治療方案。

按照醫療管理制度，感染艾滋病病毒的患者，對其診療的安排以及所用器械、物品和代謝物的處理都有別於普通患者。在醫院，患有傳染病的患者不能同普通病人住同一房間，手術時也要安排到特殊感染手術室。攜帶這幾類病原體的患者使用的醫療器械，都要經過特殊的xx程序，如使用單獨的xx包，除了一般的xx流程外還要多次xx，並進行相關指標的檢驗。

切斷醫源性感染，不僅對住院病人，而且對於醫護人員的職業防護也具有重要意義。據統計，醫務人員每年受銳器損傷的比例高達11%～24%，其中因銳器損傷而導致的感染中，艾滋病佔3.2%。同時，醫務人員每天接觸各種疾病的患者以及患者的體液、血液、分泌物時，遭受感染的機率會增大。因此，術前對患者進行四項檢查，如果發現陽性患者，可以警示醫務人員格外注意。

術前四項檢查有助於減少醫療糾紛，一個病人輸血或動手術後發現感染了艾滋病，是輸血和醫源性感染所致，還是患者接受治療或入院前已被感染，這就需要與患者手術前或輸血前檢查的資料進行對比。如果查了，責任就好分了；如果沒查，那就難搞清了。
 
來源： 紹興縣報作者： 縣疾控中心徐峰編輯： 吳達峰

Why do HIV testing before surgery
 
March 1, 2010 09:26:23 China Keqiao Network
  
HIV testing before surgery is the so-called "four preoperative examination," one of the Objective To determine whether a patient diagnosed with or are infected with this disease. However, many patients or their families are often difficult to understand, I have come to surgery, why give me to do HIV testing then? Here to explain to Members.

Iatrogenic blood-borne HIV transmission is one of the ways. Blood-borne infection of HIV is the most direct means, such as importation of virus-contaminated blood, especially the "window period" of blood (ie blood donors have been infected, but is yet to come Xian stages of antibody blood, can not be present detection means to detect); use of contaminated and not subject to strict sterilization of medical devices, including syringes, acupuncture needles, dental instruments, equipment delivery obstetrics and gynecology, as well as surgical knives and scissors, pliers and so on. In addition, in doing endoscopy, colonoscopy, cystoscopy, etc. involved in examination and treatment, there are infected with HIV and other viruses possibilities. Thus, in clinical treatment, preoperative examination can help doctors four different patients for different treatment.

In accordance with the medical management system, in patients with HIV infection, its treatment of the arrangements as well as used equipment, goods and the handling of metabolites are different from normal patients. In the hospital, patients suffering from infectious diseases can not live in the same room with an ordinary patient, surgery should also arrange to special infection in the operating room. To bring these types of pathogens in patients with medical equipment, to go through a special sterilization procedures, such as using a separate sterile package, in addition to the disinfection process in general but also on many occasions outside the disinfection and associated indicator tests.

Off iatrogenic infection, not only for patients but also for job protection, health care workers is also of great significance. According to statistics, medical sharps injuries every year by the ratio of as high as 11% ~ 24% of them were caused by sharp injury infection, AIDS accounted for 3.2%. Meanwhile, the medical staff every day contact with patients of various diseases, as well as in patients with body fluids, blood, secretions, the suffering will increase the chance of infection. Therefore, preoperative examination of the four patients, if we find positive patients, you can alert medical staff extra attention.

Preoperative four checks help to reduce medical disputes, and a blood transfusion or surgery the patient was found infected with AIDS, is caused by blood transfusion and iatrogenic infection, or patients receiving treatment or hospitalization prior to infection, which requires the patient before surgery or blood transfusion before the check data comparison. If checked, responsibility is like divided; If there is no investigation, it is difficult are clear.
 
Source: Shaoxing County, reported Author: County CDC Xu Editor: Wu Dafeng