D

Dead Bus
Dead Bus refers to the de-energized state of the power connections between outputs of paralleled generator sets. The term bus in this usage can either be rigid solid bus bars or insulated flexible cables.
不带电母排
不带电母排是指连接并联发电机组输出之间的电力连接处于不带电状态。这里所指的母排可能是坚硬的实心汇流条，也可能是柔韧的绝缘电缆。
Delta Connection
Delta connection refers to a three phase connection in which the start of each phase is connected to the end of the next phase, forming the triangle-shaped Greek letter Delta. The load lines are connected to the corners of the triangle.
三角形连接
三角形连接是指在三相连接中，相临两相首尾相连，构成三角形的希腊字母Delta，负荷线连接在三角形的角上。
Differential Relay
A differential relay is a protective device that is fed by current transformers located at two different series points in the electrical system. The differential relay compares the currents and picks up when there is a difference in the two, which signifies a fault in the zone of protection. These devices are typically used to protect windings in generators or transformers.
差动继电器
作为保护装置，差动继电器由位于系统中两个不同位置的电流互感器提供反馈信息。差动继电器对电流进行比较，如果存在不同则表示受保护区域内有故障存在。这些装置常被用于保护发电机或变压器的线圈。
Digital Master Control (DMC)
This device is designed to control the power systems in a facility. It is offered as an option on Cummins switchgear.
数字主控制器
数字主控制器是用于控制设备电力系统的装置。在康明斯开关柜中数字主控制器是选配件。
Direct Current (DC)
Direct current is current with no reversals in polarity.
直流
直流是指没有正负极性往复变化的电流。
Distributed Control System
A collection of nodes that interact to control a system whose components are spread out over some distance. Each node has intelligence for operating its own particular component of the system. Different parts of the system communicate status and control information with one another to form a distributed control system. Typically, they communicate on a peer-to-peer level. This is different from a type of system where all control and interaction between components is dictated by one central control. This is a common master/slave arrangement.
分布式控制系统
分布式控制系统是由分布在不同位置但互相作用的节点构成。每个节点具有智能，可以对各自系统操作控制。系统不同部分之间的通信状态和控制信息交流构成了分布式控制系统，这种系统内的通信是点对点方式，有别于所有的控制以及组成部分之间的通信都由一个中央控制器完成的系统。
Distribution Circuit Breaker
A distribution circuit breaker is a device used for overload and short current protection of loads connected to a main distribution device.
配电线路开关
配电线路开关是给连接在主配电设备上的负荷提供过载和短路保护的装置。
Droop Load Sharing
Droop load sharing is a method of making two or more parallel generator sets share a system kW load. This is accomplished by having each governor control adjusted so that the sets have the same droop (reduction of speed). Typical droop is two cycles in frequency from no load to full load.
转速降负荷分配
转速降负荷分配是两台或多台机组负荷分配的一种方法。这通过每台并联机组调速器具备相同的转速降。从空载到满载转速降一般为两赫兹。

E

Efficiency (EFF)
Efficiency is the ratio of energy output to energy input, such as the ratio between the electrical energy input to a motor and the mechanical energy output at the shaft of the motor.
效率
效率是输出能量与输入能量的比率，例如输入到电动机的电能与电机轴承输出的机械能的之间的比率。
Emergency System
An emergency system is independent power generation equipment that is legally required to feed equipment or systems whose failure may present a life safety hazard to persons or property.
应急系统
应急系统是指根据相关法规要求，为那些可能会危及生命安全或造成财产重大损失的设备或系统提供电源的独立发电设备。
Energy
Energy is manifest in forms such as electricity, heat, light and the capacity to do work. It is convertible from one form to another, such as in a generator set, which converts rotating mechanical energy into electrical energy. Typical units of energy are kW/h, Btu (British thermal unit), Hp/h, ft/lbf, joule and calorie.
能量
能量以电能、热能、光能等形式存在，可以做功，也可以从一种形式转换为另一种形式，例如发电机组能把机械能转变为电能。经常用的能量单位有：千瓦/小时、英国热量单位、马力/小时、焦耳、卡等。

F

Fault
A fault is any unintended flow of current outside its intended circuit path in an electrical system.
故障
故障是指在电力系统中任何电流跑出正常电路以外的情况。
Feeder Circuit Breaker
See Distribution Circuit Breaker.
馈电线路开关
见“配电线路开关”。
Fiber Optic Cable
A technology using glass or plastic threads (fibers) to transmit data. A fiber optic cable is a bundle of either glass or plastic threads capable of transmitting messages modulated into light waves. Typically, fiber optic cable has greater bandwidth allowing them to carry more data than metal wires. Fiber optic cable is lighter and less susceptible to interference than metal wires. Also, data can be transmitted digitally rather being transformed into analog data for transmission as is the case with metal wires when used for computer data transmission. Fiber optics are becoming increasingly more common for use with Local-Area Networks (LANs).
光缆
光缆是指使用玻璃或塑料束（光纤）来传输数据。光纤是一束可以用来传递被调制成光波的信息的玻璃或塑料管。与金属电线相比，光缆的特点是带宽更大，质量更轻，可以传导更多数据，抗干扰性能更好，并且数据是以数字形式而不是模拟形式传播。光缆在局域网领域的使用越来越普遍。
First Start Sensor
A first start sensor is an electronic device within some paralleling equipment that senses generator set and bus voltage and frequency, and determines whether or not a generator set is the first unit ready to close to the bus following a call to start under "black start" conditions.
首启动传感器
首启动传感器是应用于某些并联设备中的电子装置，功能是感知发电机组和母排的电压、频率，判断哪个机组在接到“黑启动”信号后{dy}个可以合到母排。
Frequency
Frequency is the number of complete cycles per unit of time of any periodically varying quantity, such as alternating voltage or current. It is usually expressed as (Hz) Hertz or CPS (cycles per second).
频率
频率是指周期性变化的事物（如交流电压和电流等）在单位时间内完成的周期数，常用单位是赫兹(Hz)或周期/秒(CPS)。
Frequency Adjust Potentiometer
A frequency adjust potentiometer is used to manually bring the frequency (speed) of the incoming set to that of the bus for synchronizing purposes. When the generator set is paralleled, operation of this potentiometer will adjust the kW load assumed by the generator set.
频率调整电位器
频率调整电位器是用于手动调整输入机组的频率使之与母排同步。当机组并联后，电位器可以调整为机组输出功率值。
Frequency Regulation
Frequency regulation is a measure that states the difference between no-load and full-load frequency as a percentage of full-load frequency.
频率调整率
频率调整率是指空载和满载之间频率的差别与满载频率的百分比。

G

Gateway
A device that acts as an interface between two different communication protocols. The Network Gateway Module (NGM) provides a communication protocol that a PC can understand. Other gateway devices may be used to interface between our Lontalk protocol and other systems such as a SCADA or Building Automation System. Typically, a gateway becomes necessary when a SCADA or BAS does not have a driver developed for Lontalk.
网关
网关是两个不同的通讯协议之间的接口，网关模块（NGM）提供了个人电脑可理解的通讯协议。其他网关设施可能被用作我们的Lontalk 协议和其他系统（如SCADA或楼宇自动化系统）之间的接口装置。当SCADA或楼宇自动化系统没有Lontalk的驱动时，网关就是必不可少的。
Generator
A generator is a machine which converts rotating mechanical energy into electrical energy.
发电机
发电机是把（旋转）机械能转化为电能的装置。
Genset Communication Module (GCM)
The GCM provides a communication gateway between the Model 3100 PowerCommand Control (PCCI) and the network. The GCM communicates with the PCCI control over a serial data link. The GCM gets data from the PCCI controls such as voltage, current, engine speed, oil temperature, etc. and then sends it out on the network if another network node is bound to it or requesting data.
机组通讯板
机组通讯板(GCM)是 PCC3100 控制器和网络之间的通讯接口。GCM与PCC通过串行数据连接。GCM从PCC得到如电压、电流、发动机转速、油温等，再把它们发送给需要这些信息的网络节点。
Governor
A governor is a device on the engine which controls fuel to maintain a constant engine speed under various load conditions. The governor must have provision for adjusting speed (generator frequency) and speed droop (no load to full load).
调速器
调速器是安装在发动机上的一个装置，在不同的负载条件下通过控制燃料量来保持发动机的恒定转速。调速器必须具备转速调整（发电机频率）和降速降调整（零负荷到满负荷）功能。
Grid
The utility-owned power distribution system.
电网
电网是指电厂的电力输送系统。
Ground
A ground is a connection, either intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit and the earth or some conducting body serving in place of the earth.
接地
接地是电路与地渺幡巍怼啤笑桅痞兀 地面上的导体的连接，可以是有意的也可以是意外的。
Ground Fault Protection
This function trips (opens) a circuit breaker or sounds an alarm in the event that there is an electrical fault between one or more of the phase conductors and ground (earth). This ground fault protection function may be incorporated into a circuit breaker.
接地故障保护
当一个或多个相导线与地之间出现电气故障时，接地故障保护通过跳脱断路器或报警来示警。这种功能可以一体化设计在断路器上。

H

Hertz (Hz)
The term Hertz is the preferred designation for cycles per second (CPS) and is used to describe frequency.
赫兹
赫兹是频率单位，也等于周期/秒(CPS)。
Hub
A common connection point for devices or nodes in a network or sub-network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN and contain multiple ports.
分支器
分支器是网络或子网络中设备和接点的集线器，包含很多端口，一般应用于连接局域网的分支。
Hunting
Hunting is a phenomenon that can occur upon load changes in which the frequency or the voltage continues to rise above and fall below the desired value without reaching a steady-state value. It is caused by insufficient damping.
游车
游车是一种在负载变化引起的频率、电压高于或低于期望值，无法达到稳定的现象。它是由于阻尼不足而造成的。

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I

Insulation
Insulation is non-conductive material used to prevent leakage of electric current from a conductor. There are several classes of insulation in use for generator construction, each recognized for a maximum continuous-duty temperature.
绝缘
绝缘体就是非导电材料，用来防止导体中电流的泄露。按{zg}持续耐热度划分，发电设备中使用的绝缘体有多种等级。

L

Lagging Power Factor
Lagging power factor in AC circuits (a power factor of less than 1.0) is caused by inductive loads, such as motors and transformers, which cause the current to lag behind the voltage. See Power Factor.
滞后功率因数
交流电路中的滞后功率因数（小于1.0）是由感应负荷引起的，例如发动机、变压器，使电流滞后于电压。（参照功率因数）
Leading Power Factor
Leading power factor in AC circuits (0.0 to -1.0) is caused by capacitive loads or overexcited synchronous motors which cause the current to lead the voltage. See Power Factor.
超前功率因数
交流电路中的超前功率因数(0.0 to -1.0)是由电容负荷或者过励的同步电动机引起的，使电流超前于电压。（参照功率因数）
Line-To-Line Voltage
Line-to-line voltage is the voltage between any two phases of an AC generator.
线电压
线电压是指交流发电机任何两相间的电压。
Line-To-Neutral Voltage
In a 3-phase, 4-wire, Y-connected generator, line-to-neutral voltage is the voltage between a phase and the common neutral where the three phases are tied together.
相电压
在三相四线星形连接的发电机中，相电压是指三相连接点与每相之间的电压。
Load Demand负载需求
Load Demand is a paralleling system operating mode in which the system monitors the total kW output of the generator sets, and controls the number of operating sets as a function of the total load on the system. The purpose of load demand controls is to reduce fuel consumption and limit problems caused by light load operation of reciprocating diesel generator sets.
负载需求是并联系统的一种运行模式，系统监控发电机组总的输出功率，根据系统总负载量决定运行机组的数量。负载需求控制的目的是降低燃料的消耗量，减少往复式柴油发电机组因低负荷造成的故障。
Load Factor
The load factor is the ratio of the average load to the generator set power rating.
负荷系数
负荷系数指的是机组的平均负荷与额定功率之间的比率。
Load Shedding
Load shedding is the process by which the total load on a paralleling system is reduced, on overload of the system bus, so that the most critical loads continue to be provided with reliable electrical service.
卸载
在超载的系统母排上，并联系统的总负载被降低的过程称为卸载，以确保最关键负载获得可靠的电力供应。
Local-Area Network (LAN)
A computer network that spans a relatively small area. Most LANs are confined to a single building or group of buildings.
局域网
局域网（LAN）是指覆盖相对较小区域的计算机网络，大多数局域网局限在单一的建筑或建筑群内。
Low Voltage
AC system operating voltages from 120 to 600 VAC.
低压
交流电系统中从120到600 VAC的电压称为低压。

M

Main Breaker
A main breaker is a circuit breaker at the input or output of the bus, through which all of the bus power must flow. The generator main breaker is the device, usually mounted on the generator set, that interrupts the genset's power output. Main breakers provide overcurrent protection and a single disconnect point for all power in a switchboard or device.
主开关
主开关是在母排输入或输出端的线路断路器，所有的电流都要从那通过。主开关通常安装在发电机组上，用来切断输出电流。主开关能够提供过电流保护，是配电盘或设备的电源断开点。
Mains
Mains is a term used extensively outside of the United States to describe the normal power service (utility).
市电
市电是美国以外的区域对常规电力服务的广泛称谓。
Master Control
A control section in a typical paralleling system that provides total system metering and the interface point between the paralleling system and the facility.
主控制
主控制是典型的并联系统计量控制设备，也是并联系统与用电设施之间的接口。
Medium Voltage
AC system operating voltages from 601 to 15000 VAC.
中压
交流电系统中从601 到15000 VAC的电压称为中压。
Modbus “专用名词”
An industrial networking system that uses RS-232 serial master-slave communications at data transfer rate of up to 19.2 KBPS.
一种工业网络，它使用RS232主从通讯模式传输数据，最快可达19.2kBPS。
Modbus Plus
An industrial networking system that uses token-passing peer-to-peer communications at data transfer rates of one megabit per second (MBPS). The network media is shielded twisted-pair cable.
一种工业网络，它使用令牌环点对点通讯模式传输数据，可达一百万位每秒。网络介质使用屏蔽双绞线。
Modules
Modules are also called nodes or devices. These are devices such as Genset Communication Modules (GCMs), Control Communication Modules (CCMs), and Digital Input/Output Modules (DIMs).
模块
模块也可以称作接点或组件，例如机组通讯模块(GCMs)、控制通讯模块(CCMs)以及数字输入/输出模块(DIMs)。
Molded Case Circuit Breaker
A molded case circuit breaker automatically interrupts the current flowing through it when the current exceeds the trip rating of the breaker. Molded case refers to the use of molded plastic as the medium of electrical insulation for enclosing the mechanisms, and for separating conducting surfaces from one another and from grounded (earthed) metal parts. Molded case circuit breakers usually contain thermal-magnetic trip units, although larger sizes can be equipped with solid state trip sensors.
塑壳断路器
塑壳断路器能够自动切断电流在电流超过跳脱设定后。塑壳指的是用塑料绝缘体来作为装置的外壳，用来隔离导体之间以及接地金属部分。塑壳断路器通常含有热磁跳脱单元，而大型号的塑壳断路器会配备固态跳脱传感器。

N

NEMA
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
国家电力制造协会
国家电力制造协会
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
国家防火协会
国家防火协会
Network
A collection of Nodes that communicate with one another over a common medium.
网络
在共同的介质上互相通讯的接点的集合就是网络。
Network Data
A signal that carries messages between nodes. PowerCommand Networks use Manchester Encoding that makes the signal insensitive to polarity. The signal is transformer-coupled to the network data wire at a rate of 78 KBPS.
网络数据
接点之间传送信息的信号就叫做网络数据。PowerCommand 网络利用Manchester编码使信号不受极性影响，信号通过变压器传送到网络数据线的速度是78 KBPS。