问题:
怀孕期间应该吃些什么补品?

回答:
怀孕期间除了保持营养均衡之外，还要特别增强下列营养素的摄入：

叶酸——胎儿脑发育中的“支柱”

叶酸是与胎儿脑发育有关的重要维生素，在孕前和早期补充一定量的叶酸可以防止胎儿神经管畸形。

如果缺乏叶酸，有可能造成巨幼细胞性贫血。

建议：在孕期，尤其是早孕期适当补充叶酸是有必要的。除了可以用含有叶酸的xx来补充叶酸之外，食物中的叶酸会计师也相当高，它普遍存在于有叶蔬菜之中，如青菜、卷心菜等，有水果中柑橘和香蕉也有较多叶酸，动物性食物中肝牛肉中含有的叶酸较多。因此，从食物上来说，怀孕后蔬菜的量应当尽量增加，水果应适当选择维生素含量较多的品种。

铁——留住你的血色红颜

铁质摄入不足很容易患上缺铁性贫血，对孕妇及胎儿都有严重的不良影响，可能会导致早产或生下低出生体重儿，胎儿也可能患上缺铁性贫血。由于宝宝的血液需要从母亲的血中吸收铁、蛋白质、卟啉等原料来制造，孕期铁的消耗量较非孕期有所增加。同时孕期又面临血液稀释的问题，更易引起血中红蛋白的下降。

孕期由于孕妈咪早期妊娠反应食欲不佳，或是挑食，饮食不当的原因引起铁摄入不足。若补充少了自然会引起贫血，轻度贫血会引起头晕、眼花、胸闷等症状。

1、如果血色素持续下降，会引起机体xxx下降，易感染，胎儿营养不良，发育迟缓等。

2、重度贫血甚至会引起分娩时凝血功能的障碍、大出血等危及生命的后果。

建议：你怀孕后要多吃一些含铁丰富的食物：动物的内脏，如肝、心等；红色的瘦肉如牛、猪、兔肉等；动物的血。这些都含有丰富的血红蛋白铁和肌红蛋白中的铁，人体易于吸引和利用。植物性食物中，芝麻、红枣、血糯米、赤豆等也含有较多的铁，但植物来源的铁在孕期相对吸收率较低，只能作为辅助，不能全靠这些食品来补铁。蔬菜中的菠菜铁会计师较高，但其中含有的草酸会抑制铁的吸收，因此并非补铁的{zj0}选择。

钙——胎儿骨骼发育“密码”

钙是人体骨骼、牙齿的重要组成成分，胎儿从一个受精卵长到出生时的50厘米左右的身长，需要消耗母体大量的钙。有数据证明，孕期需额外增加钙约30g，其中胎儿27.4g，胎盘1g，母体1g。

我国营养学会推荐的膳食中钙的供给量标准为：孕4-6个月每日1000mg，孕7-9个月每日1500mg。

轻度缺钙就可能会引起孕妈咪腿抽筋、肢体麻木、xx等症状。严重时会影响宝宝的骨骼发育，引致先天性佝偻病，佝偻病主要影响儿童骨骼和牙齿的生长，可能出现鸡胸和O型腿等。

建议：在食物中，奶类含有较多的钙，而且吸收率也{zh0}，除了乳糖不耐受的人，孕妈咪应该每天喝奶，或者食用酸奶、奶粉、奶酪。

其它食物，如豆制品、海产品，某些干果也有较多的钙，虽然吸收没有奶类好，但经常吃一些对补钙也有好处。骨头和骨头汤中，钙是以羟磷酸形式存在，人体吸收率很低，对于补钙没有太大的好处。

蛋白质——人体结构中的“主角”

蛋白质是构成宝宝机体的重要成分。在城市中生活的孕妇，除非素食主义者（且不爱吃蛋、奶、豆制品的人）或是食欲差、妊娠反应剧烈的准妈妈们，一般正常的孕妇每天都能吃到的蛋白质。尤其是在孕早期宝宝还很小，母体对于蛋白质的需求并不明显增加，因此不需要特别补充。

有些人怕怀上巨大胎儿及产后体形难以恢复，不敢吃比平时多的主食及肉类，其实这是过虑了。专家建议，怀孕6-7月时去做一次B超，如果不是大胎儿，就要摄入至少比平时多30%的热量和蛋白质。

到孕晚期，你可以每天增加25克蛋白质以满足胎儿发育的需要。

建议：

1、奶、蛋中的蛋白质是xx蛋白，最易于被人体吸收。

2、鱼虾禽肉等荤菜中的蛋白是优质蛋白，豆类及豆制品中的蛋白也是植物来源的优质蛋白，{zh1}就是粮谷类、蔬菜中的蛋白质了。

其它维生素和微量元素——量少作用大

其它维生素和微量元素在怀孕的需要都有所提高，但提高的比例相对前面提到的几种为少。因人体都是微量需要，且广泛存在于食物、饮用品之中，所以除非出现缺乏症状，或是一些并发症的患者有特殊需要（或者增加，或者限制），一般不用特殊补充，只要保持平衡合理的饮食习惯，不挑食，不偏2食，我们大多可以在食物中得到所需要的量。

锌质摄入不足可能导致孕早期流产，胎儿畸形等严重后果。一般来说，孕期锌的摄入要比平时多40。

缺碘会引起胎儿神经系统的缺陷。其实补碘非常简单，只要每周煲两、三次海带瘦肉汤或紫菜蛋花汤就行了。

碳水化合物是免疫细胞最重要的食物，它存在于大米及其他富含淀粉的食物中。怀孕期是一个特别的时期，摄取充足均衡的营养对尚未出生的宝宝的健康有着深远的影响。这时，需要更多的碳水化合物、蛋白质和B族维生素，这些都需要从大米、玉米、面包等主食及肉类中获取。

在医生的建议下，孕妇可适量服用一些含有多种元素的营养补充剂，它们除了能够给予孕妇必须的各种维生素、钙等营养元素外，还具有β胡罗卜素、硒、锌、硫辛酸、谷胱甘肽等微量元素及抗氧化剂。

注意：

1、怀孕期各种营养素的需求较平时有多多少少的提高，为了宝宝的健康成长，孕妈咪们应该注重学习营养知识和在饮食中补充营养。

2、不能一味求多，某些过量维生素也可能造成胎儿畸形、流产等不良后果。

3、如果要补充维生素、钙片或任何xx，{zh0}在医师推荐下补充，不要自行加药。

Question:
What to eat during pregnancy supplements?

answer:
In addition to nutrition during pregnancy to maintain balance but also in particular to enhance the intake of the following nutrients:

folic acid - in the fetal brain development “pillars”

folic acid and fetal brain development is important vitamins, and early in the pre-added a certain amount of folic acid to prevent fetal neural tube defects.

absence of folic acid may cause megaloblastic anemia.

recommendations: during pregnancy, especially as early as appropriate to add folic acid during pregnancy is necessary. In addition to containing folic acid can be used to supplement folic acid drugs, the accountants of folic acid in food is also very high, which are commonly found in leafy vegetables, and such as green vegetables, cabbage, etc., there are citrus fruits and bananas have more folic acid, food animal beef liver contains more folic acid. Therefore, in terms of food, the volume of vegetables after pregnancy should be increased as much as possible, fruit should be more appropriate to choose the varieties of vitamin content.

iron - to retain the color of your roots

inadequate intake of iron is easy to suffer from iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women and the fetus has serious adverse effects, may lead to premature or low birth weight birth, the fetus may also be suffering from iron deficiency anemia. As the baby’s blood from the mother’s blood in the absorption of iron, protein, porphyrin, such as raw materials to manufacturing, the consumption of iron during pregnancy than non-pregnancy increased. At the same time, pregnancy is facing the problem of hemodilution, blood caused more decline in myoglobin.

during early pregnancy as a result of reaction孕妈咪poor appetite, or being choosy food, improper diet caused by insufficient iron intake. If the added natural causes less anemia, mild anemia can cause dizziness, vertigo, chest tightness and other symptoms.

1, if the hemoglobin continued to decline, can cause decreased immunity, vulnerability, fetal malnutrition, such as growth retardation.

2, severe anemia and even childbirth can cause coagulation of the obstacles, such as life-threatening bleeding consequences.

suggestions: pregnant after you eat some iron rich foods: animal offal, such as liver, heart, etc.; red meat such as cattle, pigs, rabbit, etc.; the blood of animals. These are rich in hemoglobin and myoglobin iron in the iron, the body is easy to attract and use. Of plant food, sesame, dates, blood rice, beans, also contain more iron, but plant sources of iron absorption during pregnancy is relatively low, only as a supplement to these foods can not depend on iron. Iron in spinach vegetable accountants high, but which contain oxalic acid will inhibit the absorption of iron, so iron is not the best choice.

calcium - fetal bone development, “password”
calcium
human bone, an important component of teeth, the fetus from a fertilized egg up to 50 cm at birth length about the need for a large number of maternal consumption of calcium. There are data showing that, the additional calcium during pregnancy to be about 30g, in which the fetus 27.4g, placenta 1g, mother 1g.
China Nutrition Association
recommended dietary supply of calcium in the standard as follows: 4-6 months pregnant daily 1000mg, pregnant 7-9 months of daily 1500mg.

mild calcium deficiency may cause孕妈咪leg cramps, limb numbness, insomnia and other symptoms. Severe impact on your baby’s bone development, resulting in congenital rickets, rickets mainly affects children, the growth of bones and teeth, possible breast and legs, such as O-type.

recommendations: in food, milk contains more calcium, but also the best absorption rate, in addition to lactose intolerance who孕妈咪milk should be a day or eating yogurt, milk, cheese.

other foods such as soy products, seafood, some nuts have more calcium, although there is no absorption of milk, but often eat some of the calcium is also good. Bones and soup bones, calcium phosphate is the form of hydroxyl, the human body absorption rate is very low, not much for the benefits of calcium.

protein - the human body structure, the “hero”
baby
protein is an important component of the body. Living in urban pregnant women, unless the vegetarian (and do not eat eggs, milk, soy products) is loss of appetite or poor response to intense quasi-pregnancy mothers, pregnant women with normal eating protein every day . Especially in early pregnancy is also a very small baby, the mother of the demand for protein is not significantly increased, so there is no need in particular to add.
Some people fear
pregnant and postnatal macrosomia difficult to restore the body shape, and did not dare eat more food than usual and meat, in fact, this is wrong. Experts recommend that pregnant when the June-July to do a B-, if not a big baby, it is necessary than usual intake of at least 30% of calories and protein.

to the third trimester of pregnancy, you can increase by 25 grams of protein per day to meet the needs of fetal development.

suggestions:

1, milk, egg protein is entirely protein, the most easily absorbed into the body.

2, fish meat, such as the protein is荤菜quality protein, legumes and soy products in the plant sources of protein are also high-quality protein, the final category is the Cereals, vegetable protein in the.

other vitamins and trace elements - less than the role of large

other vitamins and trace elements during pregnancy has increased the need for, and the increase of the ratio of the relative number of the above-mentioned less. Trace are due to human needs, and widely present in food, drink items, so unless there is a lack of symptoms in patients with complications or those with special needs (or increase, or limit), the general do not have a special supplement, as long as the balance reasonable eating habits, not being choosy food, non-biased 2 food, most of us can be in food quantity needed.

inadequate zinc intake may lead to early pregnancy miscarriage, birth defects and other serious consequences. In general, the zinc intake during pregnancy to more than 40.

iodine deficiency can cause fetal defects in the nervous system. In fact, supplementation is very simple, as long as a week to burn two or three kelp or seaweed soup蛋花汤lean on it.
carbohydrate
immune cells is the most important food, it exists in the rice and other foods rich in starch. Pregnancy is a special time, a balanced intake of adequate nutrition on the unborn child’s health is having a profound impact. At this time, need more carbohydrates, protein and B vitamins, which are from rice, corn, bread and meat and other staples to obtain.

the advice of a doctor, pregnant women may be appropriate to take a number of elements containing a variety of nutritional supplements, they can give to pregnant women in addition to a variety of essential vitamins, nutrients calcium, but also with β carotene, selenium, zinc, lipoic acid, glutathione and other trace elements and antioxidants.

Note:

1, during pregnancy the demand for various nutrients are more or less than usual raising, to the healthy growth of babies,孕妈咪study should focus on nutrition knowledge and nutritional supplements in the diet.

2, can not seek more than just some vitamins may also be caused by excessive fetal malformations, miscarriages and other adverse consequences.

3, If you want to add vitamins, calcium, or any drug, it is best to add the recommendation of the physician, not to increase their own medicine.