译文：
1 缓冲罐 为了使泵工作时有一个稳定的压力、流量,泵的进出口管上都设有缓冲罐。缓冲罐要用氮气预充一定的压力,预充压力原则上不能低于{zd0}工作压力的30 %和高于最小工作压力的80 %。虽然较高的预充压力能产生较好的缓冲效果,但当压力下降时会产生脉动,频繁冲击罐底部而造成金属内件损坏。 当工作压力范围较大时,仅需要预充压力至{zd0}工作压力的30 %～35 %隔膜泵生产厂家提供的预充压力为:进口缓冲罐预充压力至进口压力的80 %～90 % ,出口缓冲罐预充压力至出口压力的60 %～65 %。实际运行中,泵的进口管振动大,说明进口缓冲罐预充压力不合适,根据实际情况,把进口缓冲罐预充压力调低至进口压力的60 %～65 %后,振动立即xx,泵恢复正常工作状态。 泵在运行过程中,由于渗漏等原因缓冲罐的压力会慢慢下降,到一定压力时,泵出现打量不稳定并伴有异响,在压力较低下长时间运行,隔膜总是处于大范围波动状态,易使隔膜产生疲劳,降低隔膜的使用寿命。为克服这种情况,必须在运行中向缓冲罐冲压。根据泵在调试过程及正常生产中积累下来的经验,决定在带负荷运行中向缓冲罐冲压,以压力表指针稳定做到充压成功的标志,几次试验都取得很好效果,保证了泵长周期安全运行。 2 排气 1) 注水排气 煤浆腔注水排气有2 个目的: ①液端排气。通过连接在进口管线上冲洗水控制阀和出口管上的排污阀来完成煤浆腔的排气; ②推进液的自动加入。原始注油时充水后将迫使隔膜移向隔膜腔背部方向,即自动充液位置。为获得足够的液压推动隔膜达到这个位置,可控制出口管线上排污阀开度来完成自动充液。注水排气最关键的为水压控制,泵厂家提供的压力为013MPa ,实际操作中一般控制在0128～0135MPa ,过高、过低都会使推进液腔注油太多或太少,而使隔膜在运行中受到损伤。 2) 注油排气 目的是对推进液腔进行注油。充液过程是连续自动进行的,充液期间,排气阀必须保持打开直到推进液排出时没有空气为止。这时控制杆已从触发位置移开,一分钟之内,充液过程自动停止。此时推进液腔是充满的,但对活塞来说,隔膜还未达到合适的位置,这将通过盘车来完成充液。厂家推荐用手动盘车来完成充液,但手动盘车不但费时费力,且不容易使推进液腔充液至{zj0}状态,于是采用低负荷启动泵来代替手动盘车完成推进液腔的充液,启动低负荷选为10 %。 3) 正常运行中排气 泵在正常运行中,由于推进液中的溶解气体,密封渗漏等原因,使推进液腔中气体越集越多,对隔膜会有所损害,应定期对推进液腔进行排气。 3 推进液控制系统 在正常操作情况下,控制杆上的磁体在触发器ZSH 和ZSL 之间随控制杆而移动,此时触发器未被触发。 如果在推进液腔内推进液太少,磁体将移动到触发器ZSL 处,触发器输出一个脉冲信号到PLC 控制箱。PLC 将输出一个信号使注油阀HV1、2 或3 打开,推进液便进入推进液腔。 若推进液腔中推进液太多,触发器ZSH 也输出一个脉冲信号到PLC 控制箱, 此时排油阀HV5、6 或7 打开,推进液将排出推进液腔。 如果推进液系统有故障,充注或排出阀连续激发打开超过3min ,PLC 将输出一个故障信号。 以上推进液的注入排出是自动进行的,但泵在运行时曾发生因触发器、内件等原因而使自动注排液程序失控,若要检修只有停车处理,为了不给生产带来损失,经过慎重考虑,决定采用手动注排油,由于经验不足,{dy}次注油时,推进液腔上排气阀未开,导致推进液充注太多,使隔膜受到损害。在总结失败经验的基础上,再次手动注油时,打开排气阀,以推进腔排出冲程压力稳定为充满的标志。几次试验都获得成功,为安全连续生产提供了保证。 4 开停车负荷 隔膜泵是由变频电机驱动,若开停车负荷过大或过小、短时间负荷波动较大、长期在低负荷下运行等都对变频器有影响,为尽量避免以上情况的出现,硬性规定开停车负荷都控制在30 %左右,并在仪表中设置使增减负荷都必须在一段时间内才能完成,有效的从工艺上做到了对变频器的维护。 5 仪表空气及润滑油压力 仪表空气和润滑油压力都与主电机设有联锁,推进液的注油、排油阀为气闭阀,要始终维持一定的空气压力,两阀的最小动作压力不低于0.4MPa ,所以仪表空气压力一般维持在015MPa以上,即使停泵后也不停仪表空气,以免推进液腔内的液体不够或过量,供给阀门的空气是经过过滤、油雾化的。 泵在运行中,润滑油压力应不低于压力联锁值(0115MPa) ,且润滑油出口过滤器压差不能太大,润滑油流量窥镜内的钢球应处于上限位置,调节此流量时调节幅度不能太大,以免瞬间流量过大使压力下降太快引起联锁跳车。 通过以上工艺改进及对操作要点的熟练掌握,使泵运行时始终有一个稳定的工艺环境,运行一年多来,仅有一次因电气原因跳车,做到了长周期、安全高效运行。

“Diaphragm pump operating points and Process Improvement”是由提供的国际水泵新闻，译文仅供参考。另外，中国隔膜泵网还提供相关产品搜索：、、、、等。

原文：
A buffer tank In order to work for a stable pump pressure, flow, pump have established import and export of pipe buffer tank. Buffer tank to use a certain pressure of nitrogen pre-charge, pre-charge pressure in principle can be less than the maximum working pressure of 30% and higher than the minimum working pressure of 80%. Although the higher pre-charge pressure to produce better cushioning effect, but when the pressure drop generated when the pulse frequency at the bottom of the impact of tank damage caused by metallic parts. When the working pressure range is large, only need the pre-charge pressure to the maximum working pressure of 30% ~ 35% of the diaphragm pump manufacturers to provide pre-charge pressure: import buffer tank pre-charge pressure to the inlet pressure of 80% to 90%, export buffer tank pre-charge pressure to the outlet pressure of 60% ~ 65%. The actual operation, the pump, the import control vibration, indicating import buffer tank pre-charge pressure is inappropriate, according to the actual situation, the import of pre-charge pressure of the buffer tank inlet pressure down to 60% ~ 65%, the vibration of the immediate elimination of the pump return to normal working condition. Pump during operation, due to leakage and other reasons the buffer tank pressure will gradually drop to a certain pressure, the pump looked unstable and was accompanied by abnormal sound occurs, the lower the pressure under the long-running, always in a wide range of diaphragm volatile, easy to make diaphragm fatigue, reduce diaphragm life. To overcome this situation, you must run to the buffer tank stamping. According to pump in the normal production in the debugging process and accumulated experience, decided to run with a load to the buffer tank stamping, in order to achieve sufficient stability and pressure gauge pointer symbol of success, several tests have achieved very good results, ensure the pump long period safe operation. 2 Exhaust 1) The water discharge Coal slurry injection exhaust chamber has two purposes: ① liquid-side exhaust. By connecting the import pipeline flush water control valves and export of sewage pipe valve to complete the cavity to the exhaust of coal slurry; ② promoting fluid automatically. When the original fuel-injection water-filled cavity will force the diaphragm move to divide the back direction, that is, automatic liquid-filled location. In order to obtain enough hydraulic push diaphragm to achieve this position, can control the export pipelines and sewage valve opening to complete the automatic fluid-filled. The most critical for water injection exhaust pressure control, pump manufacturers with the pressure of 013MPa, the actual operation of the general control in the 0128 ~ 0135MPa, is too high, too low will cause the advancing liquid-cavity oiling too much or too little, leaving divide operation damaged. 2) fuel-injection exhaust The purpose is to promote the fluid cavity grease. Liquid-filled process is a continuous automatic, liquid-filled during the exhaust valve must remain open until the advance did not air until the liquid discharges. Then lever away from the trigger location, one minute, liquid-filled process automatically stops. At this time promoting the cavity is filled with liquid, but for the piston, the diaphragm has not yet reached the right place, this will be accomplished through the fluid-filled tray cart. Vehicle manufacturers recommend manually set to complete the fluid-filled, but the car is not only time-consuming and laborious manual tray and does not promote the solution is easy for the fluid-filled cavity to the best condition, so a low-load manually start the pump to drive cars instead of advancing the completion of liquid filling the cavity fluid, start the low-load selected as 10%. 3) Normal operation of the exhaust Pump in normal operation, since the dissolved gas to promote liquid, seal leakage and other reasons, so that the gas chamber to promote more fluid set of more of the diaphragm are subject to damage, should be regularly carried out for promoting fluid chamber exhaust. 3 promote the hydraulic control system Under normal operating conditions, the control rod magnet in the flip-flop ZSH and ZSL with the control rod between the movement, this time the trigger is not triggered. If the cavity forward in advancing the liquid fluid is too small magnet will be moved to the flip-flop ZSL Department, the flip-flop outputs a pulse signal to the PLC control box. PLC will output a signal to lubricate valves HV1, 2 or 3 open, promoting fluid will enter the advance fluid cavity. If the forward fluid chamber to promote fluid too much flip-flop ZSH is also the output pulse signal to a PLC control box, this time ranked valve HV5, 6 or 7 to open, promoting fluid will be discharged to promote fluid cavity. If the advancing fluid system failure, filling or discharge valve open continuously excited over 3min, PLC will output a fault signal. More to promote the injection of liquid is automatically discharged, but the pump is running had taken place due to the trigger, internal parts and other reasons Ershi automatically inject liquid discharge process out of control, in order to repair only stop treatment, in order not to bring to production losses, After careful consideration, decided to adopt a manual injection row of oil, due to lack of experience, the first oiling, the forward fluid chamber on the exhaust valve is not open, resulting in promoting the liquid filling too, so that membrane damage. In summing up, based on experience of failure, once again manually oiling, opening the exhaust valve to promote the discharge stroke the pressure chamber filled with a sign of stability. Several tests had been successful, for the continuous production of safety assurance. 4 open parking load Diaphragm is a variable frequency motor drive, if the load is too large or open parking is too small, short-term load fluctuations, a long time at low load operation of the converter and so influential, in order to avoid the appearance of the above, mandatory open Parking capacity is controlled by about 30%, and the instrument is set to make changes in the load must be a period of time to complete, effective from the craft to achieve the maintenance of inverter. 5 meter of air and lubricating oil pressure Instrument air and lubricating oil pressure with the main motor with chain and promoting the oiling liquid, oil-drain valve for the gas valve closed, we should always maintain a certain air pressure, the two valve pressure of not less than the minimum action 0.4MPa, so Instrumentation the air pressure is generally maintained at more than 015MPa, even after they stop instrument stop pumping air, so as not to promote the fluid chamber of liquid inadequate or excessive, supply of the valve air is filtered, oil atomization. Pumps in operation, lubricating oil pressure should not be less than the value of the pressure interlock (0115MPa), and the oil export filters can not be too much pressure, lubricating oil flow within the endoscope cap ball should be in place to regulate the flow amplitude of accommodation can not be too large, so as to avoid excessive transient flow caused by the Ambassador of pressure drops too fast interlock Bump. Through the above process improvement, and proficiency in the operation of points, so that when the pump is running there is always a stable process environment, running more than a year ago, only once due to electrical causes of jumping off the tram, so that long-cycle, safe and efficient operation