摘  要

本文详细介绍了基于8051系列单片机实现开关智能控制的方法。首先介绍了当今智能开关的发展趋势，然后详细介绍了通信电源的两种供电方式，一种是有市电时，油机不工作，市电停了用油机供，另一种是有市电时，油机不工作，在市电停电前启动油机，让两种电源并网运行。从中选取了第二种，{dy}种会造成短时间停电。先将市电和油机作为输入信号，利用单片机自带的A/D转换功能将其输入信号和输出信号进行采样，按照要求进行处理，然后用点阵液晶来显示电压的大小，有过压，缺相等现象时，报警电路工作。之后详细讨论了硬件、软件的设计。硬件部分给出了实现主要功能的电路图，并给予了相关说明，软件部分给出了相关程序和主程序。

关键词：单片机，智能开关，A/D转换，液晶

This article in detail introduced based on 8,051 series monolithic integrated circuits realizations switch intelligence control method. First introduces now the intelligent switch development tendency, then in detail introduced when the correspondence power source two power supplies way, one kind has the city electricity, the kerosene engine does not work, the city electricity stopped the oil used machine to supply, when another kind had the city electricity, the kerosene engine did not work, started the kerosene engine before the city electricity power cut, let two kind of power sources incorporations movement. Has selected the second kind, the first kind can create the short time power cut. First the city electricity and the kerosene engine took the input signal, A/ which brings using the monolithic integrated circuitThe D transformation function carries on its input signal and the output signal the sampling, carries on processing according to the request, then with the lattice liquid crystal demonstrated the voltage the size, has had the pressure, when lacks the equal phenomenon, alarm circuit work. Afterwards in detail discussed the hardware, the software design. The hardware has partially produced the realization main function circuit diagram, and gave the correlation explanation, the software has partially produced the correlation procedure and the master routine.

Key word: Monolithic integrated circuit, intelligent switch, A/D transforms, liquid crystal.

目    录

1. 概述

1.1 国内外动态……………………………………………………………………………5

1.2 设计的技术要求 …………………………………………………………………………5

1.3交流不间断供电系统微电脑控制器 ……………………………………………………6

2．8051单片机系统

2.1 8051单片机简介…………………………………………………………………………8

2.2 8051单片机的时序………………………………………………………………………8

2.3单片机8051 I/O口的介绍……………………………………………………………… 9

3．智能开关控制方案的设计

3．1系统的方框图与工作原理………………………………………………………………10

3.2系统各个单元电路的设计……………………………………………………………10

3.2.1 模/数转换器的设计 ……………………………………………………………… 10

3.2.2 8255扩展键盘、显示电路的设计………………………………………………… 13

3.2.3液晶显示器(LCD)与单片机的接口电路及应用 ……………………………………14

3.2.4控制电路的设计 ……………………………………………………………………17

4．软件部分的设计

4.1单片机8051的I/O口分配……………………………………………………………18

4.2程序方框图………………………………………………………………………………18

参考文献……………………………………………………………………………19

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………20

附录…………………………………………………………………………………21

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