原文：
自力式恒温混水阀外型类似一个4通水阀，有3个阀口，一个温度调节钮。3个阀口中有两个分别是冷热水进水口，另一个是恒温出水口。在出水口处装有一个热敏元件，利用感温元件的特性推动阀体内阀芯移动，封堵或开启冷、热水的进水口，在封堵冷水的同时开启热水。当温度调节旋钮设定某一出水温度后，不论冷热水的温度、压力如何变化，进入出水口的冷热水比例也随之变化，从而使出水温度始终保持恒定。目前国内太阳热水器厂家生产的热水器大多采用冷热水闸阀或鸭嘴机械式混水开关进行混合水温度调节。由于太阳热水器产生的热水温度变化很大，冷热水压差很大，每次使用前都要反复调节，洗浴时水压、水温发生变化，还会产生忽冷忽热的情况。个别厂家进口国外的恒温混水阀，作为选配产品供用户选用，由于价格过高，从而限制了它的推广。 针对国内市场的需求，北京豪宇阳光科贸中心开发出专门用于太阳热水器使用的通径为15mm的混水阀，其价格只有国外产品的20%，性能特点又专门针对太阳热水器的使用状态，并申请了国家专利。下面介绍北京豪宇阳光科贸中心生产的热水器恒温混水阀实验和使用情况。 1、出水流量 试验：当冷热水进口水压均为0.1Mpa（1kg）时，出水量为0.98m3/h（即每分钟16L多）理论上可以带动3个淋浴喷头。因太阳热水压力可能只有0.25kg～0.3kg，为了出水温度恒定，一个混水阀{zh0}只配一个淋浴喷头。如果能提高水压，再多配喷头。 2、冷热水进水压差 产品允许冷热水压差为8∶1。冷水压力不超过2.5kg时，热水器水压0.3kg，可以正常混水。如果冷水压力不稳定，可能高过2.5公斤，就要在冷水管上加装限流阀，如“亿家能”热水器每机都配备了限流阀。如果安装手动高阻阀可以既作为冷水开关使用，又能调节流量，保证压力不超值。 3、安全性能——防烫功能 具有冷热进水口自动关闭性能。使用时，如果冷水断水或关闭，数秒内，热水就会自动关闭，保证不会xx人。所需的数秒时间，是感温元件感应温度到阀芯移动执行关闭热水所需的时间，热水温度越高，关闭时间越短，如果热水温度80℃以上，只要二三秒即可关闭。热水器xx事故往往是误操作引起的，太阳热水器配备恒温混水阀相当于安装了防烫安全阀。国外有些国家（如新西兰）对安装太阳热水器都要求安装恒温混水阀，除了方便使用，节约用水，也考虑了安全因素。 4、自动止回与使用前排放热水管路中冷却水 洗浴水温约在40℃，恒温混水阀调定温度使用时，冷热水进水口全打开，按比例向出水口供水；停止使用时，出水口关闭，因冷水压力大，将向热水管输一定量的冷水，而阀体内的感温元件因为冷水作用，会自动逐渐关闭冷水口而把热水口开大，整个水系统就会静止。考虑到冷水压力大，而混水阀关闭冷热水口是靠压力弹簧，水封是耐温橡胶件，其密封性可能会有渗漏，如果水箱水不满，可以只当是自动上水，而水箱满的话，冷水管上安装关闭阀门是必要的。当再次洗浴，打开出水口开关，因冷水门关闭，首先流出的是热水管中的冷却水，当高温水流下，感温元件就会动作，关小热水口，打开冷水口，自动进行恒温调节。 5、经过恒温混水阀为水箱加水 恒温混水阀温度调节钮标出箭头指向55℃和25℃，代表调温方向，水温感觉合适时，停止旋动就是您所需要的设定温度。高温方向的尽头是关闭冷水；低温方向的尽头是关闭热水。经测试，将混水阀调至关闭冷水状态，如果热水温度超过55℃，冷水口出会自动打开；调至关闭热水状态。冷水低于5℃，热水口也不会xx关闭。 要想实现上水功能，就要设法使冷热水口同时打开，并打开冷水开关。调节旋钮从25℃～55℃调节时可旋转超过720°（两圈），可实现两个进水口同时打开状态的旋转段不超过90°，有时只有45°旋转，找到这个旋转段，把冷热水口全打开，出水口关闭即可达到上水目的。在正常室温条件下，冷水温度一般在5℃～25℃之间，当停止洗浴后，混水阀阀体温度即是压力大的冷水温度。前面叙述过，当出水温度调定在40℃时，停止洗浴后冷水口会自动关闭。如果此时再向低温方向调节，就会把冷水口打开。 在不好确定的情况下，可以先把旋钮调至低温方向尽头，冬季（假设冷水温度5℃～10℃），再回调45°，（回转1/4圈），夏季（假设冷水温度20℃～25℃）回调90°，即可进入两个进水口同时打开状态，打开冷水阀门即可完成上水。为防止水箱溢水，应在冷水管路安装关闭阀门，在不使用热水器时关闭上水管路。 以上叙述有待更多实际使用的考验，希望更多用户和太阳能工程技术人员参与探讨、研究。相信不远的将来，会有更方便用户使用的傻瓜型太阳热水器上市，使太阳热水器向节能、节水、安全方便的方向发展。

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译文：
Thermostatic mixing valve Self-shaped like a four-pass valve, there are three valve port, a control knob. 3 valve mouth two were hot and cold water inlet and the other is the outlet temperature. In the outlet equipped with a thermal component, the characteristics of components using a temperature spool valve body to promote movement, block or open the cold and hot water inlet, cold water in the block, while open water. When the temperature control knob to set a water temperature, both hot and cold water temperature and pressure to change into the outlet of the shift in the proportion of hot and cold water to the effluent temperature is always constant. Domestic solar water heater manufacturers water heater they use a hot water valve or duckbill mechanical mixing with water mixed water temperature control switch. As the solar water heater produces hot water temperatures vary greatly, a great hot and cold water pressure, must be repeated before each use adjust to your bath water pressure, water temperature changes, will produce hot and cold situation. Individual manufacturers mixing valve thermostatic foreign imports, as the matching products for customers to choose, because the price is too high, thus limiting its promotion. For the domestic market, Beijing Hao Yu Sun & Trade Center developed specifically for solar water heaters use a mixture of 15mm diameter for the valve, the price is only 20% of foreign products, features another specifically for the use of solar water heaters state and applied for a national patent. Here & Trade Centre, Beijing Hao Yu Sunshine constant temperature mixing valve water heater production test and use. 1, water flow Test: When the hot and cold water inlet pressure are 0.1Mpa (1kg), the out of water 0.98m3 / h (16L per minute and more) can theoretically lead three shower heads. Pressure due to solar hot water may only be 0.25kg ~ 0.3kg, to water temperature constant, only a mixing valve with a shower head the best. If you can increase the water pressure, with more nozzles. 2, hot and cold water inlet pressure Product allows hot and cold water pressure is 8:1. Cold water pressure of not more than 2.5kg, the water heater pressure 0.3kg, can be normal mixing water. If the cold water pressure instability, may be higher than 2.5 kg, it is necessary to install pipe in cold water limiting valve, such as "100 million to" water heater every machine is equipped with excess flow valve. If the installation manual valve can be both a high resistance switch using cold water, and can adjust the flow to ensure that pressure does not value. 3, security - anti-burn feature With self-closing performance of hot and cold water inlet. When used without water on or off if the cold water, a few seconds, the water will automatically shut down, guaranteed not to burn people. The time required for a few seconds, the temperature is a temperature sensing device to move the implementation of the spool time required to close the hot water, hot water temperature is higher, the shorter closing time, if the water temperature is 80 ℃, can be as long as 23 seconds Close. Water heater burn accidents are often caused by misuse, solar water heater with thermostatic mixing valve installed anti-scalding valve equivalent. Some foreign countries (eg New Zealand) require the installation of solar water heater installation of thermostatic mixing valve, in addition to ease of use, water conservation, but also consider the safety factor. 4, auto-return hot water with the use of pre-discharge cooling water pipe Bath temperature about 40 ℃, constant temperature mixing valve having a set temperature when used in hot and cold water inlet opening wide in proportion to the water outlet; stop using when the outlet closure, due to cold water pressure, hot water pipes will lose a certain amount of cold water, and the valve body temperature because the cold water effect device will automatically turn off cold water gradually to hot mouth to open mouth and large, the entire water system will be static. Taking into account the cold water pressure, and hot and cold mixing valve outlet is closed by the pressure spring, is the temperature rubber seal, which seal may be leaking water tank water if not satisfied, you can just be automatic when the Sheung Shui, The water tank is full, then close the valve installed on cold water pipe is necessary. When the bath again, open the outlet switch, the door closed because of cold water, first out of the hot water pipe in the cooling water, when the high temperature water, the sense component will move, off a small hot mouth, open cold water port, automatically thermostatic control. 5, after a constant temperature mixing valve for the water tank Thermostatic mixing valve control knob marked arrow points to 55 ℃ and 25 ℃, the direction of representatives of thermostats, water temperature feel right, stop rotating is to set the temperature you need. The direction of the end of the heat is off by cold water; the direction of the end of the cold water is turned off. After testing, the cold water mixing valve to off state, if the water temperature exceeds 55 ℃, a cold water port will automatically open; to off hot state. Cold water less than 5 ℃, hot water will not completely close the mouth. To realize the function in Sheung Shui, it is necessary to make hot and cold outlets open at a time, and open the cold water switch. Knob from 25 ℃ ~ 55 ℃ regulation may rotated beyond 720 ° (twice), the intake can be achieved while the two open rotation section of not more than 90 °, sometimes only 45 ° rotation, find the section of this rotation, the cold hot mouth full open, close the outlet can be achieved by Sheung Shui purposes. In normal room temperature, chilled water temperature is generally between 5 ℃ ~ 25 ℃, when the stop bath, the mixing valve body temperature is the temperature of cold water pressure. Been described earlier, when the water temperature it is set at 40 ℃, the stop bath after the cold water port will automatically shut down. If the temperature again at this time the direction of regulation, will the cold water port open. Determined in a bad situation, you can first knob to low temperature and at the end of winter (assuming the cold water temperature of 5 ℃ ~ 10 ℃), then the callback 45 °, (turning 1 / 4 circle), summer (assuming that the cold water temperature of 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃) callback 90 °, you can enter the intake while the two open, open the valve of cold water to complete the Sheung Shui. To prevent tank overflow, should close the valve in the cold water pipe installation, closed when not in use water heaters, piping, Sheung Shui. Described above to be more practical to use the test, I hope more users and solar energy engineering and technical personnel involved in study and research. I believe the near future, there will be more user-friendly fool-type solar water heater market, making solar water heaters to save energy, water, safe and convenient direction.