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Climate Change, Water and China's National Interest
 

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浣嗘槸鍦ㄦ皵鍊欏彉鍖栦笌鍥藉瀹夊叏鐨勬€讳綋鍏崇郴涓婏紝涓浗琛ㄧ幇鍑轰簡鐘硅鲍涓嶅喅锛岃繕娌℃湁鎶婃皵鍊欏彉鍖栦笂鍗囧埌鍥藉瀹夊叏鐨勯珮搴︽潵璁よ瘑^{锛?/sup>35锛?/span>}銆傚湪瀹夌悊浼氬叧浜庢皵鍊欏彉鍖栬窡鍥藉瀹夊叏闂鐨勮京璁轰腑锛屼腑鍥戒篃鏋佸姏鍙嶅鎶婃皵鍊欏彉鍖栬窡瀹夊叏闂鑱旂郴鍦ㄤ竴璧风殑灏濊瘯銆備腑鍥藉畼鏂圭殑鑻辨枃鎶ョ焊銆婁腑鍥芥棩鎶ャ€嬪彂琛ㄨ瘎璁鸿锛?ldquo;瑕佹眰鍥介檯绀句細搴斿姘斿€欏彉鍖栨槸鍚堟儏鍚堢悊鐨勶紝浣嗘妸杩欎釜闂浣滀负瀹夊叏闂鏉ョ倰浣滃垯鏄槾璋?rdquo;^{锛?/sup>36锛?/span>}銆備腑鍥芥棩鎶ョ殑涓€绡囨姤閬撳紩鐢ㄤ腑鍥介┗鑱斿悎鍥藉壇浠ｈ〃鐨勮瘽璇达細“鍦ㄥ畨鐞嗕細杈╄姘斿€欏彉鍖栭棶棰樻棤鍔╀簬閭ｄ簺鍥藉鍑忚交姘斿€欏彉鍖栧奖鍝嶇殑鍔姏”^{锛?/sup>37锛?/span>}銆?/span>

浜轰滑鍙互浠庡嚑涓柟闈㈡潵鐞嗚В涓浗鎵€鎸佺殑杩欑杩熺枒鎬佸害銆傞鍏堟槸鍥犱负涓浗闀挎湡濂夎涓嶅共娑夊唴鏀跨殑鍘熷垯锛岃繖鍙兘瀵艰嚧瀹冨闈炰紶缁熷畨鍏ㄦ蹇电殑鎬€鐤?sup>锛?/sup>^38锛?/span>銆傛澶栵紝鏇撮渶瑕佽€冭檻鐨勪竴鐐规槸锛屼腑鍥芥斂搴滀箣鎵€浠ヤ笉鎰挎剰鎶婃皵鍊欏彉鍖栬窡瀹夊叏闂涓€鑸湴鑱旂郴鍦ㄤ竴璧凤紝鏄腑鍥藉姏鍥鹃伩鍏嶅湪鍑忓皯娓╁姘斾綋鎺掓斁鐨勯棶棰樹笂鍙楅檮鍔犳潯浠剁殑绾︽潫^{锛?/sup>39锛?/span>}銆傚敖绠″姝わ紝杩樻槸鏈夋槑鏄剧殑杩硅薄琛ㄦ槑锛屼腑鍥藉湪杩欎竴闂涓婂崰鍥藉唴涓诲鍦颁綅鐨勮蹇垫鍦ㄦ敼鍙橈紝杩欑杞彉鍦ㄥ緢澶х▼搴︿笂鏄洜姘斿€欏彉鍖栧甫鏉ョ殑绀句細鎸戞垬鎵€淇冩垚鐨勩€?/span> 

瀵瑰浗鍐呭畨鍏ㄧ殑濞佽儊

灏界涓浗鏀垮簻鍦ㄥ浗闄呭叧绯诲眰闈笂瀵规皵鍊欏彉鍖栦笌瀹夊叏鐨勯棶棰樺皻鏈湁鏄庣‘鐨勬€佸害锛屼笉杩囧氨鍥藉唴鑰岃█鍒欏凡缁忔剰璇嗗埌浜嗗奖鍝嶅埌姘磋祫婧愰棶棰樼殑姘斿€欏彉鍖栫殑涓ラ噸鍚庢灉銆傛瘮濡傦紝鎹枃鐚紩杩帮紝1998骞存俯瀹跺疂鎬荤悊鏇剧粡璇磋繃锛?ldquo;涓浗鐨勫浗瀹跺畨鍏ㄧ敱浜庢按璧勬簮鐭己鑰屽彈鍒板▉鑳?rdquo;^{锛?/sup>40锛?/span>}銆備腑鍥藉啘涓氱瀛﹂櫌鍐滀笟涓庢皵鍊欏彉鍖栫爺绌朵腑蹇冧富浠绘灄灏旇揪涔熷鐢变簬鍐板窛閫€缂╅€犳垚鐨勫▉鑳佽〃绀轰簡绫讳技鐨勫叧娉紝浠栬鍐板窛閫€缂╀笌姘斿€欏彉鍖栭€犳垚鐨勫叾浠栨柟闈㈢殑褰卞搷“鐩存帴濞佽儊鐫€涓浗鐨勭伯椋熷畨鍏?rdquo;^{锛?/sup>41锛?/span>}銆?/span>2008—2009骞村啲瀛ｇ殑骞叉棻涔熶娇鏀垮簻瀵规按璧勬簮闂鐨勬媴蹇э紝鍥藉濯掍綋鐨勭浉鍏虫姤閬撹〃杈句簡杩欑鎷呭咖锛?ldquo;鍐滀笟鏄斂搴滄渶浼樺厛鑰冭檻鐨勯棶棰?hellip;…锛?/span>2009骞达級涓浗鍏变骇鍏氫腑澶鍛樹細鍜屽浗鍔￠櫌鍙戝竷鐨勭涓€鍙疯仈鍚堟枃浠讹紝鍐嶆寮鸿皟鍐滀笟鍜屽啘鏉戠殑鍙戝睍鍦?/span>2009骞翠粛鐒跺叿鏈夌壒鍒噸瑕佺殑鎰忎箟銆?rdquo;^{锛?/sup>42锛?/span>}

杩欑楂樺害鍏虫敞琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄦ皵鍊欏彉鍖栧奖鍝嶇殑鍑犱釜閲嶈鏂归潰銆傛嵁棰勬祴锛屼腑鍥芥渶鍏烽噸瑕佹垬鐣ュ湴浣嶇殑鍑犱釜鍖哄煙灏嗛伃鍙楃敱浜庢皵鍊欏彉鍖栭€犳垚鐨勪弗閲嶇殑姘磋祫婧愮煭缂恒€傚ぇ绾︽湁23%鐨勪腑鍥戒汉鍙ｆ墍灞呬綇鐨勮タ閮ㄥ湴鍖猴紝鍦ㄥ共鏃卞鑺備富瑕佽渚濊禆鍐板窛铻嶅寲鎻愪緵姘存簮^{锛?/sup>43锛?/span>}锛岃€屽啺宸濆嵈鍦ㄤ笉鏂秷閫€銆傛湁鐮旂┒璁や负锛岃繖浜涘湴鍖哄瀛ｆ渤娴佺殑钀庣缉锛屾槸姘斿€欏彉鍖栭€犳垚鐨勭粨鏋溿€傝繖绉嶆湁鏁堟按璧勬簮鐨勭煭缂哄姞閫熶簡鍦熷湴娌欏寲锛屼娇寰楄繖浜涚敱浜庝汉鍙ｅ闀块€犳垚鐨勮传鍥板湴鍖虹殑绀句細缁忔祹鎴愭湰杩涗竴姝ュ姞閲?sup>锛?/sup>^44锛?/span>銆傝繖浜涘湴鍖轰笉浠呯粡娴庝笂璐洶锛岃€屼笖瀵逛腑鍥界殑瀹夊叏绋冲畾鑰岃█鑷冲叧閲嶈锛屽洜涓鸿繖浜涘湴鏂圭殑灏戞暟鏃忕兢涓瓨鍦ㄧ潃瀵瑰寳浜殑瀵圭珛鎯呯华^{锛?/sup>45锛?/span>}銆?/span>

涓浗瑗垮寳鍦板尯鏈夋晥姘磋祫婧愮殑鍙樺寲鏈夊彲鑳藉湪涓や釜閲嶈鏂归潰閫犳垚瀵瑰浗瀹跺畨鍏ㄧ殑鎸戞垬銆?/span>

棣栧厛锛岀敱浜庤祫婧愬尞涔忛€犳垚鐨勭敓瀛樼┖闂寸殑绔炰簤锛屼細鍔犳繁鐜板湪宸茬粡瀛樺湪鐨勪腑鍥芥眽姘戞棌涓庡皯鏁版皯鏃忓钘忔棌鍜岀淮鍚惧皵鏃忎箣闂寸殑鐭涚浘^{锛?/sup>46锛?/span>}銆傛嵁浜氭床鍗忎細鐨勬姤鍛婏紝“褰撳煄甯傚寲鍜屽伐涓氬寲鐨勮繘绋嬩娇寰楀凡缁忓崄鍒嗗疂璐电殑姘磋祫婧愯繘涓€姝ョ煭缂虹殑鏃跺€欙紝鍐茬獊鐨勬綔鍦ㄥ▉鑳佹槸鍙互棰勮鐨勩€傚鏋滄煇浜涙眽浜虹粡钀ョ殑浼佷笟琚涓哄湪姘磋祫婧愮殑鍒嗛厤涓婂緱鍒颁簡浼樻儬锛岃繖绉嶅啿绐佺殑鍙兘鎬ф洿浼氬澶?rdquo; ^{锛?/span>47锛?/span>} 銆備竴浣嶄腑鍥藉鑰呭湪璇勪环鐜鎭跺寲瀵硅タ閮ㄥぇ寮€鍙戞垬鐣ユ墍閫犳垚鐨勫▉鑳佹椂涔熸湁绫讳技鐨勮鐐癸紝璁や负“瑗块儴鍦板尯鑷韩鐨勭幆澧冩潯浠舵槸瑗块儴澶у紑鍙戞垬鐣ユ槸鍚︽垚鍔熺殑鍩虹” ^{锛?/span>48锛?/span>}銆?/span>

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