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三螺杆泵抽油高产率 现在最通用的机械采油法是三螺杆泵抽油，而其最常见的作业问题是泵不能xx充满，造成生产率低，泵不xx充满是由于泵的容量大于井的产量或泵吸入口处气分离不好，一部分泵排量受气干扰而损失，如果xx泵内气的干扰和控制泵的运转时间，使泵排量与流入井底的液量相匹配，就可以提高效率和降低成本，保持螺杆泵抽油的高产率 1 、应进行声波液面测定，确定产液面与泵吸入口的相对深度。若液面高于泵吸入口，那么井不可能以{zd0}产量开采。如果是气干扰影响产率，则液面高于泵吸入口；若是抽量过大导致低产，则液面应在泵吸入口处或附近。 2 、示功计测定泵充满系数百分率，应用综合数据采集系统可同时获得马达功率和示功数据。示功图的主要用途之一是诊断泵是怎样运行的和分析井下问题。应用生产液面测量结合示功图可了解井是否以{zd0}产量生产、液柱高度是否高于泵吸入口深度、泵是否不xx充满和游离气是否沿套管环空向上运移。 3、诊断低能效井。诊断的方法是确定抽油系统的总效率，而确定总效率只需测量输入原动机的功率、测定井底生产压力和xx的生产测试数据。一般游梁式抽油系统的总效率应为 50 ％左右，若低于此应提高其 性能 。提高总效率的技术包括保持高容积效率（泵的规格与井筒注入量匹配、xx气干扰、用抽空 控制器 或定时器控制抽油）和换掉过大的 电动机 。 4、井下气分离。无效的泵运转常是气干扰造成的，可通过声波液面测量和示功图进行诊断。{zh0}是将泵吸入口置于流体进入层段的下方，若置于上方则应使用气体分离器。若阀座短节布置于流体进入层段底部以下至少 10ft ，则在环空中可发生有效气分离，此时套管起分离器外筒的作用。但井的条件常不容许将泵置于流体进入层下方，则考虑用井下气分离器。常规的气分离器由流体进入部分（如射孔短节）、外筒（如底部有堵头的一节油管）和泵底部的封液管组成。 5、控制泵排量，可通过调节4种数进行控制：柱塞尺寸、冲程度、泵冲数、每日运转时间。因起出设备费用大，通常不更换尺寸不合适的泵。最简单的做法是改变地面设备的配置，如移动游梁拉杆来改变地面和泵的冲程长度；其次是换掉马达皮带轮来控制泵的冲数。泵容积与井产能的匹配问题可通过改变日运转时间来实现，以下几种装置能用来控制运转时间：空抽控制器、间隔定时器和百分率定时器。空抽控制器若检测到泵不xx充满就停泵。定时器控制泵的运转时间，较便宜且操作简单。停泵的持续时间应短到井底生产压力上升不超过 10 ％的油层压力。 作业者可对每口井用 45min 进行上述声波、示功计等测定，确定井的产能、井下泵动态、井下气分离器动态、抽油杆和游梁式抽油机负荷、马达动态。通过 45min 的分析，作业者可使井产量达到{zd0}，作业成本降低

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译文：
Three screw pump pumping high yield Now the most common artificial lift method is a three-screw pump pumping, while the most common operating problem is the pump can not be completely filled, resulting in low productivity, the pump does not completely filled due to the pump capacity greater than the well yield or pump intake Office gas separation well, part of the pump displacement bullied interference loss, if the elimination of pump gas interference and control of pump operation time, the pump displacement and flow into bottom of the liquid phase matching, can improve efficiency and reduce costs maintain the screw pump pumping of high yield 1 should be acoustic surface to determine the yield surface and the pump intake relative depth. If the liquid level above the pump intake, then the well is not possible to maximum yield of extraction. If the gas interference effects yield, the surface above the pump intake; if pumping excessive lead to low yield, the surface should be pumping at the entrance or near it. 2, Indicator Measurement of the pump is full of coefficient of the percentage of application of integrated data acquisition system can simultaneously access the motor power and indicator data. Indicator diagram of the primary purposes of diagnosis of the pump is how the operation and analysis of downhole problems. Application of the production level measurement combined dynamometer can understand well whether the maximum yield production, liquid column height is above the pump intake depth, the pump is not completely full and free gas is along the annular space upward migration. 3, diagnosis inefficient wells. Diagnostic method is to determine the pumping system's overall efficiency, and determine the overall efficiency of the only measurement input of the original motive power, determination of bottomhole producing pressure and accurate production of test data. General beam pumping system the overall efficiency should be about 50%, if less than this should improve its performance. Improve overall efficiency technology, including maintaining high volumetric efficiency (pump specifications and shaft into the amount of matches, eliminating gas interference, by evacuation control or timer control pumping) and replace excessive motor. 4, downhole gas separator. Invalid pump operation is usually air disturbance caused by sound level measurement and dynamometer for diagnosis. It is best to pump inlet placed in fluid into the layers below, if placed in the top should use the gas separator. If the valve seat a short section arranged in the fluid into layers at the bottom of the following at least 10ft, in the annulus may occur effective gas separation, then pipe from the separator outside the barrel role. But the well conditions are normally not allowed to pump put fluid into the layer below, then consider the use of downhole gas separator. Conventional gas separator from the fluid into the part (such as Shekong short section), outside the tube (such as the bottom plug of a pipeline), and pump at the bottom of sealing liquid tubes. 5, control pump displacement, can be adjusted 4 Number of control: slug size, the red level, pump red number, a daily operating time. Result from the equipment costly, usually not replaced the wrong size pump. The easiest way is to change the ground equipment configuration, such as moving beam bar to change the ground and pump stroke length; followed by replacing the motor pulley to control the pump in the red numbers. Pump capacity and the well productivity matching problem by changing the days running time to achieve the following types of devices can be used to control the running time: air pumping controller, interval timer and percentage timer. Air pumping controller if detected in the pump is not completely full of stopped the pump. Timer control pump operation time, less expensive and easy to operate. Stop the pump duration should be short to bottom production of pressure rise does not exceed 10% of the reservoir pressure. Operators can each well with 45min for the sound waves, said power meter measurements were used to determine the well production, downhole pump dynamics, downhole gas separator dynamic, rod and beam pumping unit load, the motor dynamics. By 45min of the analysis, the operator could well yield reached the highest operating cost reduction