(b) environment-friendly pre-treatment additive development and application of

1. environment-friendly type

scouring scouring agent, mostly by non-ionic surfactant and anionic surfactant compound is made with the wetting, penetration, emulsification, dispersion and solubilization functions. Most are used the world’s total surface active agent, 1 / 3 of the benzene sulfonate, and accounted for 7.5% of the acid, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate absorbed through the skin there is damage to the liver and the spleen caused by narrowing and other chronic symptoms, as well as teratogenic and carcinogenic. For the bio-degradability is a non-ionic surface active agent APEO the lowest, only 0-9%, and his low-EO metabolites toxic to aquatic life and eventually alkylphenol metabolites for environmental hormones, Europe was the 20th century, 80 age prohibited.

these two chemicals in the European Union on May 15, 2002 issued by the Eco-Label in the new standard for eco-textiles and regulations prohibit the use of 2002/371/EC. At the same time, there are three cationic surfactants and chelating agents against two by their agents and formulations consisting of the application. They are: bis (hydrogenated tallow alkyl), dimethyl ammonium chloride (DTDMAC), 2 Stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC), 2 (hard butter) dimethyl ammonium oxide (DHTDMAC) , ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA).

After much research and development applications, in recent years, the development of environment-friendly scouring agent-Africa-ionic surfactants are fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with (including the synthesis of heterogeneous alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) and alkyl polyether Quito glycosides (APG) to replace APEO. APG use of starch or glucose as raw material, with non-toxic, non-stimulation, bio-degradable fast and so on. Anionic surfactant Zeyi fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), sec-alkyl sulfonate (SAS), α-olefin sulfonate (AOS) such as to replace the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Use these to replace the chemicals, environment-friendly system was scouring agent are: BASF developed Laventin CW for the high-temperature scouring; LaventinLNB cloud point due to lower non-continuous application of dry low-temperature scouring; Laventin TX1537 contain a small amount of ester-based surfactants , cloud point higher for raw cotton scouring; Kicralon OLB Conc for all kinds of scouring process. ICI developed LenetolHP-jet is a cotton fabric with high-performance low-foam scouring agent, bio-degradation is very good for the use of spray equipment. Lanaryl RK polyester microfiber can be used to oil, so that, after refining residual rate of less than 0.2%, also can be used for Nylon / spandex and polyester / spandex refining, is a biodegradable non-ionic surfactants and a non-chlorine containing organic solvent blending made; Bayer Corporation TANNEX GEO is a rare-earth additives, is efficient, low-foam, alkaline and hydrogen peroxide environment-friendly inorganic compounds scouring agent, when used without adding penetrant, chelating agents.

2. environmentally friendly chelating agent

more chelating agents used in the past, there are amino Tri-sodium (NTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), have a good sequestration. However, NTA was found to be carcinogenic, and soon be disabled. Biological degradation of EDTA and DTPA is very good, but after the chelation of metal poor biodegradability, and therefore banned by the European Union. METHYLENE phosphate with EDTA replaced the carboxylic acid as EDTMP, DTPA’s METHYLENE phosphate as DTPMP. Their complexing ability, biodegradability is relatively good, and can generate synergy with other agents, but such amino-METHYLENE-phosphate bio-degradation, whether or not to cause eutrophication.

polyacrylic acid (or salt) of biodegradable good calcium earth metal and heavy metals have strong chelating capacity, molecular weight 5000, Polyacrylate chelating ability of sodium tripolyphosphate 5 times, but also functions to prevent further deposition can be used as low-temperature metal chelating agents, for scouring, washing and other auxiliaries in the pre-treatment. Under high temperature acrylic acid and maleic anhydride copolymer can be used as a metal chelator. At present the formation of products are: Prestogen PL, Sandopur RC, RSK, Securon 540 and Mirokai 54 H and so on.

3. environmentally friendly hydrogen peroxide stabilizer

hydrogen peroxide stabilizer CJ-201 and the German Breitich Gmbh development Beiquest AB is a carbohydrate compound with acrylic acid copolymer, and alkyl polyglycosides similar to bio - degradation than the PAAS is good, with excellent stability.

tetraethyl-ethylenediamine (TAED) is a novel oxidative bleaching agent, an important component. In alkaline conditions, reacts with hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid bleaching of cotton fiber. As the temperature and pH, are very relaxed, not only because of the strong peracetic acid oxidation of the whiteness of the fabric with hydrogen peroxide higher than that alone, but also damage the fiber is relatively low, is not required as a stabilizer in using TAED bleach activator process.

4. biological enzyme pre-treatment agent

amylase desizing already widely used in textile desizing. The long-term studies have shown that the nitrogen-containing material of cotton fiber and lipid absorption wax on the fabric has little to do, while the pectin is a major impact-absorbent material. Pectinase scouring of cotton fiber to be taken seriously to deal with low temperature, pH value is close to neutral, pectinase easily biodegradable, less impact on the environment.

Pectinase to points according to their role in the substrate can be divided into pectin acid, enzyme, pectinase and pectinase three kinds of original, its role as a pectic acid substrate, respectively, low esterification degree of pectin and insoluble in the original pectin. In the original pectinase as the main body, obviously, produces scouring effects. It is divided into two kinds of A-and B-type: A type is a cut of the original pectin in the poly-galacturonic acid sites, B-type is a cut of the original in the other parts of the pectin, so that separation of the insoluble pectin removed. NOVO’s Bioprep, INO-801 and ZS-200 for cotton scouring can replace the conventional alkaline scouring process.

(3) environment-friendly dyeing and printing auxiliaries of the development and application of

1. environmentally friendly

fixing agent fixing agent commonly used in the past, the resin-based fixing agent of the total 70% -80%, mainly dicyandiamide formaldehyde condensate, such as the fixing agent Y, M and so on, they all contain a lot of free formaldehyde and the existence of the molecular structure of N-methylol formaldehyde is released to the environment and human health caused by a greater impact. In recent years, has developed environmentally-friendly domestic and international non-formaldehyde fixing agent for the active, direct and acid dyes, in order to improve their wet fastness of dyed materials. One of the most important thing is cationic resin and quaternary ammonium salt-type fixing agent fixing agent.

cationic resin-based fixing agent is a polyethylene polyamine and dicyandiamide condensation formed. Such as Clariant Corporation Indosol CR, E-50; Japan’s Hwa Neofix RP-70; Sanyo Chemical Division Sunfix-FT, PRO-100; Ming-cheng, the company’s Fixoil R-810, as well as domestic DFRF-1 and DFRF-2, etc. .

wider variety of quaternary ammonium fixing agent in order to diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride polymer products made of representatives, such as: Sunkafix 157, Danfix 505RE, country-made color agent DUR, CS, and RF and so on. Such fixing agent is characterized by quaternary ammonium nitrogen atoms in the charge of Yang polymer main chain, and fiber have great affinity with the dye acid Yin charge have a strong Coulomb interaction. Such fixing agent is not the formation of micelles, does not affect the combination of dye and fiber, which color fastness and resistance to sunlight unlike other cationic fixing agent and falls occur discoloration does not affect the fabric style and feel.

2. environmental protection type leveling agent

disperse dyes commonly used in high-temperature leveling agent ethylene oxide by aromatic phenolic compounds METHYLENE sulfate salts and non-ionic surfactants distribution made, some varieties contain APEO and adsorption of organic halides. The newly developed environment-friendly leveling agent, such as BASF Corporation Palegal SFD, the time when they are slow contamination of low temperature into the high-temperature phase (120 ℃ -130 ℃), when stained with promoting the role, his blending of various dye has synchronized effects the role of a good level dyeing. In addition, there Dystar’s Levegal PK, Levegal HTC and Eastern’s Polyolyol HZV-S are all environmentally friendly leveling agent.

3. Enzymes purer after reactive dyeing lotion

In order to remove the dye without fixing, often using different temperatures of water to add Detergent After repeatedly washing treatment, therefore a long process, consume a large number of water, and wash effect is difficult to guarantee a good dyeing fastness things. Recently, Bayer has developed an enzyme purer lotion Baylase RP and the composition of buffer Baylase Assist RP products, not only can save a lot of water and processing time, and the hydrolysis is not able to remove the dye fixation, thus improving the wet fastness. This new type of enzyme and purer lotion is a kind of environmentally-friendly cleaning agent. Other products, such as: NOVO Nordish company Peroxidase SP502, and Sigma Corporation HOBT. Peroxidase is a peroxidase, HOBT is 1,2,4-triazole -1 - hydroxy-benzotriazole can be used for reactive dyeing of cotton knitted fabric.

4. other environmentally-friendly dyeing auxiliary

polyester and other fibers (such as cotton, viscose, wool) blended, and if the will and other atmospheric dyeing disperse dyes (reactive, acid) a carried out under the one-step dyeing bath dyeing carriers. Eastern United States, the company’s Polydyol HZV can be used as carriers, because they do not contain PCBs, organochlorines and phthalates harmful substances, environmentally friendly, biodegradable.

acrylic with cationic dyes it very difficult for stripping. United Kingdom Stephenson Thompson textile chemical company has developed Allon407A is anionic additives to soap as the main body, bio-degradable and security are not a problem.

5. environmentally friendly adhesives and crosslinking

the past, printing and dyeing in coatings commonly used in adhesives and formaldehyde cross-linking most of existing problems and therefore focus on the development in recent years, low-formaldehyde and formaldehyde-free products . At present the development of low-formaldehyde adhesives have Helizalin Binder ET, domestic pigment printing binder CS, free formaldehyde in the 20mg/kg around. Formaldehyde-free adhesive, such as Alcoprint PB55. Low-formaldehyde cross-linking agent has Acrofix ML, Acrofix UC03, Acrofix CA46069 and so on. China’s development of low-temperature-type cross-linking agent LE-780 is a non-formaldehyde cross-linking agent.

6. environmentally friendly pigment printing paste thickener

in hydrocarbon emissions of volatile organic compounds mainly from the thickener is not only pollute the environment but also unsafe, in recent years has been widely used polyacrylic acid synthetic thickeners, for example: Alcoprint PTF, Carbpol846, 876; homemade KG201, KG401, and thickener CTF. CTF is a copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylic amide, thickening ability, non-hierarchical, non-caking, non-settlement, printing paste rheology and thixotropy good. BASF has developed a thickener Luteseal P, low emissions, is a better environment-friendly thickener.

4) environmentally friendly finishing agent development and application of

1. low-formaldehyde and formaldehyde-free durable press finishing agent

eco-friendly textiles in accordance with the national mandatory standards GB/T18401-2003, The EU Eco-Label and Oeko-TexStandard 100, right on the formaldehyde content in textiles, there are stringent requirements. In recent years, developed a low-formaldehyde and formaldehyde-free.

Low-formaldehyde resin finishing agent between the formaldehyde emission in the 20-100mg/ks. Most important thing is DHDHEU of ether-based, ether-based and multi-etherification improvements will DMDHEU with alcohol and ethylene, two hydroxymethyl-2-hydroxy urea ring all the etherification. Modified due to etherification reaction rate greatly reduced access to water solution of resin finishing agent. Through the efficient catalyst to get the necessary response rate of reaction of cellulose fibers, itself does not contain formaldehyde. At present, products such as: BASF Corporation Fixpret ECD, CM, CNF, CNR, etc.; Ciba refined the company’s Knittex FRM, FRCT conc; Hoechst’s Arbofix NDS NGF, NFC, NGR, etc.; Sunchemical companies PermafreshULF, TG; Sumitomo Corporation Sumitex Resin EX-309, NS-19, NS-11. Domestic products have easy-care finishing agents SDP, TS, FE, DUL etc., were produced in the auxiliary plant. The above products will be awarded a good durable press performance, durability, finishing fabrics formaldehyde emission is low, and good chlorine fastness.

formaldehyde-free resin finishing agent is also the development of a focus, but the price is too high, the structure of dual-methyl-2-hydroxy ring ethylene urea, multi-hydroxy acid, polyurethane and poly-cationic compounds.

pairs of methyl-2-hydroxy ethylene urea ring was changed to N-hydroxymethyl-N-methyl activity was significantly reduced, the reaction rate is much slower than the DMDHEU, but does not contain formaldehyde, it will not release formaldehyde. Must be catalytic ability of Zn (NO3) 2 or Zn (BF4) 2 as catalyst can reduce the film drying temperature. Such resins are mainly foreign products, there is BASF’s Fixpret NF, Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation Knittex FF, Sunchemical the company’s Premafresh ZF, Sumitomo Corporation Sumitex Resin NF-500K, Dainippon Ink Corporation Beckamine NFS and so on.

polycarboxylic acid as a durable press finishing agent for cellulosic fibers through the formation of multiple carboxyl ester bond with the cellulose hydroxyl can improve fabric dimensional stability. Saturated polycarboxylic acid required at least three or more carboxylic acid, of which butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) has been the best development prospects and to market. Because not only are easy to get raw materials, manufacturing convenience, the most important thing is there is no free formaldehyde and the release of formaldehyde, can achieve durable permanent press properties, fiber damage strength is low, not yellowed. However, higher prices, but also by the catalyst sodium hypophosphite restrictions. Have different brands of BTCA domestic product.

water-soluble polyurethane does not contain formaldehyde, and has good film forming and flexible products such as: Japan’s first industrial pharmaceutical companies Elastaron MF-9, BAP, and AS, China-made PU-105 molecules exist in soluble -NHCOSO3Na, can dissolve in water, through the finished fabric after heat treatment to re-form a highly active isocyanate, and the presence of a catalyst to form cross-linked cellulose hydroxyl polyurethane film significantly improve the fabric folds elasticity.

polycationic compound agent is the latest in a class of durable press finishing agents, such as Ciba refined the company’s Turpex XU and domestically produced DGZ-28, used for cotton, viscose, hemp, silk, crepe de chine and silk fabric, feel and flexibility are very good, powerful low damage.

2. environmentally friendly flame retardant

currently on the market commonly used flame retardant nitrogen - phosphorus and bromine - antimony two series. N - P series, such as 3 - (aza-cyclopropyl) phosphine oxide (APO), 3 (2,3 - dibromo-propyl) phosphine inlay Cool (TDBPP), tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium chloride (THPC), and N - hydroxymethyl-2-methyl phosphonic acid, acrylamide (NMPPA, ie PyrovatexCP). Bromo - Sb series, such as decabromodiphenyl ether and antimony trioxide flame retardant polyester mix emulsions used. They are a serious eco-environmental problems, and some varieties of itself toxic, but also in textile finishing machining, as well as flame-retardant treated fabric will be released in the combustion of toxic gases and smoke.

in recent years, developed a new flame retardant product line, such as zirconium and niobium flame retardants flame retardants, their zirconium and fluoride by fluoride of niobium metal complexes, namely, K2Z8F6 and K2N6F6 formed, processing temperature of 60 ℃, 30min that is able to produce a chemical reaction with the wool obtained flame-retardant effect, does not affect the feel of wool and there is a certain degree of washability. Domestic product is flame retardant WFR-866F. U.S. Otaval’s Otaval FR, is a kind of harmless flame retardants, can be used for cotton, wool, and its blend fabrics can also be used for nylon and Dacron. Flame retardant FR-45 is composed of ammonium polyphosphate, is an environmentally friendly non-durable flame retardant.

3. environmentally-friendly textile softener softener

many different types of cationic and non-ionic majority, accounting for more than 90% of the total softener. Effectiveness analysis from a soft, cationic quaternary ammonium softener soft best, especially in pairs of long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts used most, but their poor biodegradability, and some are toxic. Some non-ionic softening agent such as softener HRQ, MS-200, TR, etc. for containing N-hydroxymethyl-Er Shi fabric formaldehyde exceeded.

the textile softener organic silicon-based, including the hydroxyl silicone oil, methyl silicone and amino silicone oil, amino silicone oil is consumed in the greatest micro-emulsion. Amino silicone oil itself is non-toxic, is also easily bio-degradable, and its micro-emulsion is to add a large number of non-ionic emulsifier (APEO or AEO), caused by biological degradation rate has dropped. Methyl silicone oil emulsion five days after the removal rate of 94% bio-degradable; amino silicone oil giant emulsion (particle size 150-250mm) in the amount of emulsifier by adding 4-6% of silicone oil, bio-degradation rate of 92% ; while the micro-emulsion (particle size 20-30mm) in the amount of emulsifier by adding 40-50%. The recent listing of hydrophilic amino-silicone emulsion does not require most of the product is environmentally safe.

4. environmentally friendly anti-bacterial, deodorizing

anti-bacterial, deodorizing agent as a functional finishing more than 30 years of history, but some anti-bacterial, deodorizing toxic to humans who were disabled in different ways. Therefore requested the development will not pollute the environment and harm human health, environment-friendly anti-bacterial, deodorizing. A new generation of anti-bacterial, deodorizing the molecular structure of halogen-free and environmental hormonal substances. In recent years has been a lot of anti-bacterial, deodorizing the successful development of the market, they can be divided into the following categories:

(1) surface-active agent classes: This type of anti-bacterial, deodorizing with cationic surfactant Lord, the old varieties, such as 1227,1631, etc., have seldom used. Clariant Corporation Sanitized DET 85-30175% are quaternary ammonium compounds, for wool, feathers and other animal fibers are durable anti-bacterial deodorant effect. Sanitized T96-04 liq can be used for a variety of fibers, high security, broad-spectrum antibiotic may be resistant to 60 ℃ hot water washing and dry cleaning.

(2) silicone resin quaternary ammonium salt: This type of Where the Dow-Coming, developed by DC-5700 as the main product, and its molecular structure of 18 alkyl 2-methyl (trimethoxy-silane C stays) ammonium chloride. Acute toxicity LD ? 50 = 12270mg/kg, no toxicity, skin irritation, nor teratogenic, and caused variability, can be considered as a safe antibacterial agent. Domestic products, called SAQ-1, STU-AM101 and NBMSI-4 and so on.

(3) Biguanides: Biguanides antimicrobial agent was first used by ICI concurrent success of the company in 1980. Biguanide commonly used in textile processing as 1,1 - hexamethylene bis [5 - (4 - chlorophenyl) pairs of guanidine] of salt or gluconate. Their role was mainly to destroy cell membrane of bacteria, which kill bacteria. Low toxicity, LD50 is 1260mg/kg, washing is good.

recently Zeneca introduced the trade name Reputex 20, its lower toxicity, LD50 is 4000mg/kg. Is mainly used for cotton, viscose fabric antibacterial finishing, durability better.

(4) Natural antibacterial compounds: This type of antimicrobial agent from natural plants, animals, insects. In recent years, widespread attention and attention, are a class of promising anti-bacterial agent.

plant extract Sabina classes and Ai is the most famous derived through steam distillation, molecular structure of 4 - isopropyl–2 - hydroxy-2,4,6 - cycloheptatriene -1 — ketone. The trade name Unika MCAS-25. He LD50 = 1119mg/kg, non-irritating to the skin, there is a strong broad-spectrum antibacterial activity.

Ai extract contains eucalyptol (Cineol) and essential oil composition (Thujone) have anti-bacterial anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy and the role of promoting blood circulation. Japan Unilika company’s products Evercare shall take goods Id.

Chitin is through the deacetylation of chitin obtained after, he can combine with the anionic surface of bacterial cell wall, impeding the growth of bacteria to achieve the bactericidal effect, and his LD50 = 1500mg/kg.

glucosaminidase ST-7 is a kind of actinomycetes obtained by fermentation of anti-bacterial agent, he was the propagation of bacteria significantly inhibited. He LD50>5000mg/ke, non-toxic, non-irritant to the skin, high security.

在开发和应用绿色染料

（二）环保型前处理剂的研制与应用

1。环境友好型

精练精练剂主要由非离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂复合，是由与润湿，渗透，乳化，分散，增溶作用。大部分是用占世界表面活性剂，1 /烷基苯磺酸钠3，为7.5酸，聚氧乙烯烷基醚，十二烷基苯磺酸盐％，占经皮肤吸收有损害肝脏，造成脾脏缩小和其他慢性症状，以及致畸和致癌。对于生物降解是一种非离子表面活性剂不含APEO{zd1}，只有0-9％，和他的低毒性代谢产物的行政主任对水生生物，并最终烷基酚环境xx代谢，欧洲是20世纪，禁止80岁。

欧盟这两项化学品5月15日，由2002年发出的生态在新标准的生态标签，纺织品和规章禁止2002/371/EC使用。同时，有三种阳离子表面活性剂和螯合剂对两个其代理人和配方应用程序组成。他们是：双（氢化牛油烷基）二甲基氯化铵（活性剂），二硬脂基二甲基氯化铵（DSDMAC），2（硬牛油）二甲基氧化铵（DHTDMAC），乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）的和二乙烯三胺五乙酸（百日咳）。

后，发展对环境友好型精练剂大量的研究和开发应用，近年来，中非离子表面活性剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（包括异构醇聚氧乙烯醚合成）和聚醚基多烷基糖苷（ APG）的更换不含APEO。太平洋反清洗黑钱组织使用淀粉或葡萄糖为原料，具有xx，无刺激，生物降解快等。阴离子表面活性剂毅脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐（AES）的，仲烷基磺酸盐（SAS）的α-烯烃磺酸盐（AOS）的，例如，以取代十二烷基苯磺酸钠。使用这些替代品，环保系统的精练剂有：巴斯夫制定了高温精练; LaventinLNB由于Laventin浊点连续降低非干低温精练; Laventin TX1537含有少量持续性应用酯型表面活性剂，浊点较高的棉花为原料精练，精练过程中的各种Kicralon OLB浓。卜内门开发LenetolHP射流是一种高性能低泡精练剂棉织物，生物降解是非常合适的喷涂设备，使用好。 Lanaryl RK聚酯纤维可用于石油，因此，精炼后不到残留率0.2％，也可用于锦纶/氨纶和涤纶/氨纶精炼，是一种可生物降解非离子表面活性剂和非含氯有机溶剂混合的;拜耳公司TANNEX GEO是一稀土添加剂，是高效，低泡沫，碱性过氧化氢和环境友好型精练剂，在不增加渗透剂，螯合剂使用无机化合物。

2。环保螯合剂

更多的螯合，在过去使用的xx，有氨基三钠（国家旅游局），乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）的和二乙烯三胺五乙酸（百日咳），有一个良好的隔离。然而，国家旅游局被发现致癌，很快被禁用。生物降解的EDTA和DTPA是非常好的，但在金属螯合生物降解性差，因此，欧洲联盟禁止。用EDTA亚甲基取代磷酸盐作为EDTMPxx，百日咳的亚甲基磷酸盐作为DTPMP羧酸。他们的络合能力，生物降解性较好，并且可以与其他xx产生协同作用，但这种氨基亚甲基磷酸生物降解，不论是否造成富营养化。

聚丙烯酸（或盐）的可生物降解的良好钙碱土金属和重金属有极强的螯合能力，分子量5000，聚丙烯螯合三聚磷酸钠5倍，而且功能，防止进一步的沉积，可用于低能力高温金属螯合剂，用于冲刷，清洗和其他助剂的预处理。在高温下丙烯酸和马来酸酐共聚物可作为金属螯合剂。目前形成的产品有：Prestogen特等，Sandopur局，塞克，Securon 540和Mirokai 54 H和等。

3。环保双氧水稳定剂

双氧水稳定剂初教201和德国Breitich总公司开发Beiquest AB是与丙烯酸共聚物复合碳水化合物，和类似的生物烷基多苷-退化比PaaS是好的，具有优良的稳定性。

四乙基乙二胺（剂TAED）是一种新型氧化漂白剂的一个重要组成部分。在碱性条件下，试剂与过氧化氢和过氧乙酸的漂白棉纤维。随着温度和pH值，是非常放松，不仅是因为强对过氧化氢，比服务，而且也损害纤维织物白度较高的过氧乙酸氧化，比较低，不作为稳定剂使用要求漂白活化剂TAED的过程。

4。生物酶前处理剂

淀粉酶退浆已广泛应用于纺织退浆使用。长期的研究表明，含氮织物上的棉纤维和脂肪的吸收蜡材料已不大，而果胶是一项重大的影响，吸收材料。果胶酶对棉纤维精练必须认真对待，处理低温，pH值接近中性，果胶酶易降解，减少对环境的影响。

果胶酶，以点根据其在基体的作用可分为果胶酸酶，果胶酶和3个原果胶酶，它作为果胶酸基，分别种的作用，果胶和不溶性低的程度，酯化原果胶。在原果胶酶为主体，很明显，产生冲刷的影响。它分为两个分的A类和B型：A型是在原果胶聚切半乳糖醛酸，B型是在果胶的，其他部分切断，使原不溶性果胶的分离删除。从头的Bioprep，7992 801和工的棉花精练可以取代传统的碱精练工艺200。

（3）环保染整的发展和应用，印染助剂

1。环保

固色剂固定，常用于过去使用剂，树脂为基础的固定总额的70％-80％剂，主要是双氰胺甲醛缩合物，如色剂Y，男等，他们都含有大量的游离甲醛和氮分子结构的存在，羟甲基甲醛释放到环境和人类健康造成更大的影响。近年来，开发环保国内和国际非甲醛固定的活动，直接和酸性染料剂，以改善其染色织物的湿牢度。最重要的事情之一是阳离子树脂和季铵盐型固色剂固色剂。

阳离子树脂的固色剂是一种乙烯多胺和双氰胺凝结形成的。作为科莱恩公司Indosol铬，电子50这样，日本在华Neofix反相- 70;三洋化成部Sunfix英尺，专业100;明成公司的Fixoil的R - 810，以及国内DFRF - 1和DFRF， 2，等等。

广泛季铵固色剂品种，以二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵聚合物产品的代表，如：Sunkafix 157剂Danfix 505RE，国家作出色剂杜尔CS和射频等。这类固色剂的特点是季铵盐在杨聚合物主链电荷氮原子和纤维与染料酸性阴电荷很大的亲和力有强烈的库仑作用。这类固色剂是不是胶束的形成，不影响染料和纤维组合而成色牢度，耐日光不像其他阳离子固色剂和跌倒发生变色，不影响织物风格和感觉。

2。环保型匀染剂

通常在高温匀由芳香族酚类化合物氧化乙烯剂硫酸亚甲基盐和非离子表面活性剂的分布作了一些品种含不含APEO和吸附有机卤化物用分散染料。新开发的环保型匀染剂，如巴斯夫公司匀沙特发展基金，当他们缓慢污染低温到高温阶段（120℃-130℃），当起促进作用染色时间，他的揉不同染料的同步效果，一个良好的匀染作用。此外，还有德司达的Levegal激酶，Levegal宏达和东欧的Polyolyol带状疤疹病毒- S是所有环保匀染剂。

3。酶纯净活性染料染色后的化妆水

为了xx无固定染料，通常使用不同温度下的水补充经反复洗涤处理，因此一个长期的过程洗涤剂，消耗大量的水，洗效果是困难保证良好的染色牢度的事情。最近，拜耳已研制出一种酶纯洗液Baylase RP和缓冲区组成的反相Baylase辅助产品，不仅可以节省大量的水和处理时间很多，水解是不能xx的染料固定，从而提高湿牢度。这种酶和纯露是一种新型的环保型清洗剂类。 ，其他产品如：诺北欧公司过氧化物SP502，和Sigma公司HOBT。酶是一种过氧化物，HOBT是1,2,4三唑-1 -羟基三唑可用于活性染料染色的棉针织物使用。

4。其他环保印染助剂

聚酯（如棉，粘胶，羊毛）混纺，其他纤维，如果将和其他大气分散染料染色（活性，酸性）下一个步骤进行染色浴染色载体。美国东部，该公司的Polydyol带状疤疹病毒可以作为载体，因为它们不包含多氯联苯，有机氯和邻苯二甲酸盐有害物质，环保，可生物降解。

丙烯酸与阳离子染料剥，实在是很困难的。斯蒂芬森汤普森英国纺织化工公司开发的Allon407A是阴离子添加剂肥皂为主体，生物降解和安全是没有问题的。

5。环保粘合剂和交联剂

过去，印刷和涂料染色粘合剂，普遍甲醛用于交叉连接现有的大多数问题，因此对发展重点，近年来，低甲醛和无甲醛的产品。目前，开发低甲醛粘合剂有Helizalin活页夹东部，国内涂料印花粘合剂政务司司长，游离甲醛在20mg/kg左右。无甲醛胶粘剂，如Alcoprint PB55。低甲醛交联剂有Acrofix毫升，Acrofix UC03，Acrofix CA46069等。中国的低发展低温型交联剂的LE - 780是一种非甲醛交联剂。

6。环保涂料印花增稠剂

粘贴在挥发性有机化合物的碳氢化合物的排放主要来自

增稠剂不仅是近几年污染了环境，而且不安全，已被广泛应用于聚丙烯酸合成增稠剂，例如：Alcoprint铁蛋白，Carbpol846 ，876;自制KG201，KG401，和增稠剂CTF。 CTF是丙烯酸与丙烯酰胺，增稠能力，不分层，不结块，不解决共聚物，印花浆流变和触变性良好。巴斯夫开发了一种增稠剂Luteseal P，低排放，是一个更好的环境友好型增稠剂。

4）环保型整理剂的研制与应用

1。低甲醛和无甲醛免烫整理符合国家强制性标准GB/T18401-2003代理

生态友好根据纺织品，欧盟生态标签及Oeko - TexStandard 100，正好在纺织品的甲醛含量有严格的要求。近年来，开发出低甲醛和无甲醛。

低甲醛树脂整理的20-100mg/ks甲醛释放量之间的代理。最重要的是乙醚DHDHEU基础，醚基和多醚化的改善将与酒精，乙烯，二羟甲基DMDHEU - 2 -羟基尿素环所有的醚化。由于醚化改性反应速度大大降低获取水溶液的树脂整理剂。通过高效率的催化剂，对纤维素纤维的反应必要的反应速率，本身不含有甲醛。目前，产品，如：巴斯夫公司Fixpret幼儿发展，厘米，CNF公司，民族和解等;汽巴精公司的Knittex FRM的，FRCT浓;赫斯特的Arbofix NDS的神经生长因子，NFC技术，自然增长率等;太阳化工公司PermafreshULF，甘油三酯;住友公司Sumitex树脂前309纳秒- 19，纳秒- 11。国内产品具有免烫整理剂SDP的，T型车，铁，重力持水量等，在辅助工厂生产。上述产品将获得良好的免烫性能，耐用性，整理织物甲醛释放量低，耐氯牢度好。

无甲醛树脂整理剂，也是发展的一个焦点，但价格过高，双甲基结构- 2 -羟基环乙烯脲，多羟基酸，聚氨酯和聚阳离子化合物。

甲基双- 2 -羟基环乙烯脲改为N -羟甲基- N -甲基活性明显降低，反应速度远远慢于DMDHEU，但不含有甲醛，它不会释放甲醛。必须催化能力，锌（NO3）2的或锌（硼酸盐）为催化剂，可以降低薄膜的干燥温度2。这种树脂主要是国外产品，有巴斯夫Fixpret因子，汽巴精化公司的Knittex法郎，太阳化工公司的Premafresh采埃孚，住友商事株式会社Sumitex树脂核因子- 500K的，大日本油墨公司Beckamine的NFS等。

作为一个持久的整理，通过多种羧基酯键与纤维素羟基形成的纤维素纤维剂可以改善织物的尺寸稳定性记者聚羧酸。饱和羧酸要求至少有3个或更多羧酸，其中丁烷四羧酸（的BTCA）一直是{zh0}的发展前景和市场。因为这不仅容易得到原材料，制造方便，最重要的是没有免费的甲醛，甲醛的释放，可以实现持久的免烫性能，纤维损伤强度低，不泛黄。但是，更高的价格，而且该催化剂次磷酸钠的限制。有的BTCA国内生产不同品牌。

水溶性聚氨酯不含甲醛，具有良好的成膜性和灵活的产品，如：日本{dy}工业制药公司Elastaron中频- 9，BAP的，和AS，中国制造的聚氨酯- 105分子可溶性存在- NHCOSO3Na，可溶于水，通过成品布，经热处理后，重新组成了高度活跃的异氰酸酯，以及催化剂的形式存在交叉连接纤维素羟基聚氨酯膜显着改善织物折皱弹性。

阳离子化合物剂，是在一个免烫类{zx1}整理剂，如汽巴，完善了公司的Turpex徐和国产DGZ - 28，棉，粘胶，麻，丝，双绉和真丝织物用，感觉和灵活性都非常好，强大的低伤害。

2。环保阻燃剂

目前市场上的

常用阻燃剂氮-磷和溴-锑两个系列。 ? - P系列， - （氮杂环丙基）氧化膦（载脂蛋白），3（2,3 -二溴丙基）膦嵌酷（TDBPP），四羟甲基氯化磷（THPC的），和N -羟甲基，如3 - 2 -甲基膦酸，丙烯酰胺（NMPPA，即PyrovatexCP）。溴-锑系列，如十溴二苯醚和三氧化二锑阻燃聚酯乳液混合使用。他们是一个严重的生态环境问题，有些品种本身有毒，而且在纺织整理加工，以及阻燃处理的面料将在有毒气体和烟雾燃烧释放。

近年来

，开发铌的金属络合物，即K2Z8F6和K2N6F6形成了一个新的氟阻燃剂的产品，如锆，铌阻燃剂阻燃剂，其锆和氟化线，加工温度60℃， 30分钟即能产生与获得的阻燃效果的羊毛化学反应，不影响手感和羊毛是有一定程度的可洗。国内生产阻燃剂WFR - 866F。美国Otaval的Otaval阻燃，是一种无害的一种阻燃剂，可用于棉，毛用，其混纺织物也可用于尼龙和涤纶使用。阻燃的FR - 45是由聚磷酸铵，是一种环保型非耐用品阻燃剂。

3。环保纺织柔软剂柔软剂

阳离子和非离子多数种类繁多，超过90％，占总柔软剂。效益分析，从软，季铵盐阳离子柔软剂软{zj0}，尤其是在长链烷基季铵盐对使用最多，但其生物降解性差，有些是有毒的。一些非离子柔软剂等柔软剂HRQ时，MS - 200，训练班，含有N -羟甲基儿施面料甲醛等超过。

纺织柔软剂有机硅为基础的，包括羟基硅油，甲基硅油，氨基硅油，氨基硅油是消耗{zd0}的微乳液。氨基硅油本身是xx的，也很容易生物降解，其微乳液是添加大量的非离子型乳化剂（不含APEO或非洲环境展望），通过生物降解率下降造成的。甲基硅油五天后的94％可生物降解去除率乳状液;氨基硅油巨头乳液（粒径150 - 250毫米的乳化剂用量）加入4-6％的硅油，生物降解率92 ％，而微乳液（粒径20 - 30毫米的乳化剂用量）加入40-50％。在亲水性氨基硅油乳液最近上市并不需要产品的最重要的是环境安全。

4。环保xx，除臭

xx，除臭剂功能性整理作为超过30年的历史，但有些xx防臭整理剂有毒，谁在人类不同的方式禁用。因此，要求发展不会污染环境，危害人体健康，环境友好的xx，除臭。阿反新一代xx防臭整理剂的分子结构的卤素和无环境xx物质。近年来一直是很多反xx防臭整理剂市场的成功发展，它们可以分为以下几类：

（1）表面活性剂类：这种类型的反xx防臭整理剂与阳离子表面活性剂的主，老品种，如1227,1631等已很少使用。科莱恩公司xx后的检波85-30175％的季铵化合物，是羊毛，羽毛及其他动物纤维持久xx防臭效果。xxT96 - 04 liq，可用于各种纤维，高安全性，广谱xxx品种可耐60℃的热水洗涤和干洗。

（2）硅树脂季铵盐：这哪里道，即将由区开发为主要产品5700型，其18分子结构烷基二甲基（三甲氧基硅烷?住宿）铵氯。急性毒性LD ? 50 = 12270mg/kg，xx性，皮肤刺激，也不致畸，致变异性，可以作为xx剂的安全考虑。国内产品，称为逼近量化- 1，汕头大学，AM101和NBMSI - 4等。

（3）双胍类：双胍类xx剂是首次由卜内门公司在1980年同时成功。双胍类常用的1,1 -亚甲基双[5 - （4 -氯苯基）双胍盐或葡萄糖]在纺织加工。它们的作用主要是破坏细胞的xx，杀死xx膜。低毒性，LD50为1260mg/kg，洗好。

介绍了最近捷利康商标名称莱普特克斯20，其毒性较低，LD50为4000mg/kg。主要用于棉，粘胶织物xx整理，耐久性好。

（4）xxxx化合物：这种来自xx植物，动物，昆虫xx剂的类型。近年来，广泛关注和重视，是一种有前途的xx剂类。

植物提取物类和柏爱是最有名的蒸汽蒸馏，分子结构的4 -异丙基-衍生2 -羟基- 2，4,6 -环庚三烯-1 -酮。贸易名称双敏海军陆战队航空站- 25。他致死= 1119mg/kg，不刺激皮肤，有很强的广谱xx活性。

艾提取物含有桉油精（桉油酚）及精油成分（精油成分）有抗xxxx，抗过敏及促进血液循环的作用。日本Unilika公司的产品永护应采取商品同上。

甲壳素通过脱乙酰甲壳素后取得的，他可以结合起来xx细胞壁的阴离子表面，阻碍了xx的生长，以达到xx效果，他的致死= 1500mg/kg。

糖苷酶意法半导体- 7是由发酵所得的反xx剂，他是明显抑制xx繁殖的一种放线菌。他LD50> 5000mg/ke，xx，无刺激性的皮肤，高安全性。06.2.13