In recent years, the word nano has gradually entered into our life, from powerful graphene materials to kitchen dishwashing cloth. People will unconsciously encounter nano products in their production and life. More than that, I like to play off-road vehicles in my spare time, because I do nano waterproof work, the car friends directly give me the nickname "nano". So what exactly is a nanometer? Today I will not talk about waterproof technology, but "nano".
First of all, the definition of nano science, it is actually the same as we see in the daily centimeter millimeter, is a simple measure of length, also known as the nanometer. That's four times the size of an atom, and smaller than the length of a single bacterium (most bacteria are more than 1,000 nanometers in size, and the known zui microbe is about 50 nanometers in diameter).
Let's take a more practical example. Let's say we now compare our normal hair to a hair 1 nanometer in diameter. A normal human hair is 0.05mm, so it's about 50,000 times the size of a nanometer hair.
Nanoscience and technology, commonly referred to as nanotechnology, is the study of the properties and applications of materials with structural sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. Nanotechnology is a comprehensive subject with strong intersections, and the research content involves the broad field of modern science and technology. Scientists all over the world are aware of the importance of nanotechnology to the development of science and technology, so all countries in the world spare no expense to develop nanotechnology, trying to seize the strategic high ground in the field of nanotechnology. China held the seminar of nanotechnology development strategy in 1991 and formulated the development strategy countermeasures. Over the past decade, China has made remarkable achievements in the research of nanomaterials and nanostructures.
After I read this introduction is probably understand the concept of nanometer, with popular little words to explain, we come into contact with the nano products in daily life, it in the raw material structure, or the production process of a certain period of time, monomer material zui small size of the unit is very small, close to the nanometer, compared to common product is more fine, nano this word will be a lot of merchants for the product or technology named (to appear on the tall), on behalf of the fine quality, in order to make a good impression consumers.
Below, I summarize the basic types of nanomaterials commonly used in application, manufacturing equipment, detection instruments and application fields, for your reference:
Nanomaterials:
Carbon nano materials (graphene, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes), nanometer metal oxides materials (gold, silver, nano alumina, nanometer iron oxide, etc.), nano material, nano microsphere, nano coatings, nanostructured ceramic, nano composite material, nano biological materials, nano optical materials, gallium nitride substrate materials.
Nanometer manufacturing:
Nanometer lapping method (dry and wet grinding equipment, horizontal sand mill, steel-ball sanding machine, three rod grinding machine), mixture, the nanoparticles dispersion technology, membrane manufacturing technology, etching, ion beam laser processor, electron beam processing, fills the charging processing, microcircuit manufacture, the surface of ultra precision machining technology, fusion bonding technique, next generation lithography technology, nano-imprinting technologies, femtosecond laser exposure equipment, MEMS, inkjet machine, NEMS, sensors, nanometer electronics, photoelectricity, jet, model, WCM.
Analysis and detection:
Optical microscope, SPM, AFM, LSI test probe, the ultra precision measuring instrument, design tools, simulation of the electron microscope (SEM, TEM), molecular design software, platform, pressure probe, electric furnace, white light interferometer, elliptic partial instrument, ZETA potential analysis, laboratory powder preparation and testing instrument (laser granulometer, particle counter, etc.).
Application:
Nano biology and medicine: biosensors, nano biological materials, targeted drug release, fluorescence labeling, nano diagnostic reagents, nano diagnostic equipment, nano medicine, nano antibacterial and disinfection, RNA, nano probe, artificial heart, etc.
Nano environmental cleaning: photocatalyst, nano antibacterial disinfection, HVAC system, purification equipment, nano air purification and water treatment technology, air purifier, air filter, water treatment detection and treatment equipment, new environmental treatment technology, PM2.5 prevention equipment and consumables, etc.
Focus and application groups:
Information, electronics, semiconductor, coatings, printing ink, microelectronics, biotechnology, machinery, medicine, petroleum, Marine engineering, anti-corrosion, defence, aerospace, aviation, environmental protection, energy saving, auto parts, metallurgy, chemical industry, transportation, building materials, sports equipment, electric power, coal, nonferrous metal industry, and many colleges and universities, scientific research units, design institute, research institute, and so on.
It can be seen that nanomaterials and nanotechnology will be the research focus and development direction of materials science and manufacturing technology in the future. It is believed that nano will be closely related to our food, clothing, housing and transportation, and will bring incomparable convenience to our production and life.
Because of the gasification of p-xylene materials based on the principle of vapor deposition, the dimer structure is decomposed at high temperature and becomes a single molecular structure drifting to the film-forming chamber for spontaneous polymerization, which is attached to all surfaces to form an ultra-thin, uniform and lamellar p-xylene film. In order to achieve the role of product protection, because the size of individual molecular structure is very small, up to the nanometer level, so it is also called the nano industry.
