娌ф捣妯祦锛屾柟鏄捐嫳闆勬湰鑹诧紒璁╂垜浠啀涓€娆″洖澶寸湅鐪嬮偅浜涘瞾鏈堥暱娌充腑鐨勮韩褰憋紝浠栦滑鏇句负涓浗纾佸鐨勫彂灞曡础鐚簡姣曠敓绮惧姏锛屼腑鍥界瀛︾殑鍙戝睍鍙蹭笂搴旇閾浠栦滑鐨勫悕瀛楋紒
鍙朵紒瀛?/font>(1898.7.16~1977.1.13) 涓婃捣浜恒€備腑鍥藉崜瓒婄殑鐗╃悊瀛﹀銆佹暀鑲插锛屼腑鍥界墿鐞嗗鐣岀殑涓€浠ｅ畻甯堛€?span style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt">鑰佸厛鐢熷湪鐗╃悊瀛︿笂閲嶈鐮旂┒鎴愭灉鏈変袱涓細涓€鏄敤X灏勭嚎绮剧‘鍦版祴瀹氭櫘鏈楀厠甯告暟h锛屽緱鍑哄綋鏃剁敤X灏勭嚎娴嬪畾h鍊肩殑鏈€楂樼殑绮剧‘搴︼紱浜屾槸寮€鍒涙€у湴鐮旂┒浜嗘祦浣撻潤鍘嬪姏瀵归搧纾佹€ч噾灞炵殑纾佸鐜囩殑褰卞搷锛岃繖鏄湰涓栫邯20骞翠唬鍦ㄧ墿璐ㄩ搧纾佹€ф柟闈㈢殑涓€椤归噸瑕佺爺绌跺伐浣滐紝鍙楀埌浜嗕笘鐣屽悇鍦扮瀛︾晫鐨勯噸瑙?/span>銆?/span>
浠栫殑閲嶅ぇ璐＄尞杩樺湪浜庡湪绉戝鏁欒偛鍜岀瀛︾殑缁勭粐绠＄悊鏂归潰銆備粬寤虹珛浜嗘竻鍗庡ぇ瀛︾墿鐞嗙郴鍜岀悊瀛﹂櫌锛屽缓璁句簡鍖椾含澶у鐗╃悊绯荤瀛︾爺绌跺銆備粬瀵规湰涓栫邯涓婂崐鍙朵腑鍥界墿鐞嗗鏁欒偛鍜岀瀛﹀彂灞曚綔鍑轰簡宸ㄥぇ鐨勮础鐚€?/font> 1999骞?/font>9鏈?/font>18鏃ワ紝涓叡涓ぎ銆?/font>鍥藉姟闄?/font>銆佷腑澶啗濮斿湪鍖椾含鍙紑澶т細锛岄殕閲嶈〃褰扮爺鍒?/span>“涓ゅ脊涓€鏄?/span>”鐨勫姛鑷ｏ紝23浣嶇瀛﹀鑾峰緱“涓ゅ脊涓€鏄熷姛鍕嬪绔?/span>”銆傜啛鎮夎繖浜涚瀛﹀缁忓巻鐨勪汉浼氫笉绾﹁€屽悓鍦版兂璧蜂簡涓€涓汉锛屽洜涓鸿繖23浣嶇瀛﹀涓湁 9浜烘槸浠栫殑瀛︾敓锛屾湁2浜烘槸浠栫殑瀛︾敓鐨勫鐢燂紝杩樻湁2浜虹殑浜嬩笟涔熶笌浠栨湁鐫€瀵嗗垏鐨勫叧绯汇€傝繖涓汉灏辨槸鍙朵紒瀛欙紝涓浗绉戝鐣岀殑鍏冭€佷箣涓€銆?/span>
1924骞达紝鍙朵紒瀛?/strong>鍏堢敓鍦ㄧ編鍥戒粠浜嬬瀛︾爺绌跺苟鑾峰緱鍗氬＋瀛︿綅锛?/span>寮€濮嬮紦鍔卞苟鎸囧鏃跺勾23宀佺殑鏂芥睗涓?/strong>鍏堢敓寮€灞?/span>鎴戝浗鏈€鏃╃殑鐜颁唬纾佸鐮旂┒銆?/span>
鏂芥睗涓?/span>(1901.11.19~1983.1.8) 涓婃捣浜猴紝鐗╃悊瀛﹀锛屼腑鍥借繎浠ｇ瀛︾殑濂犲熀鑰呭拰寮€鎷撹€呬箣涓€銆傚湪閾佺鍚堥噾鍜岀閾佺熆鐨勭鏅跺悇鍚戝紓鎬с€佺鐣磋瀵熺爺绌跺拰閾濋晬閽寸郴姘哥鍚堥噾纾佹€ф敼杩涚瓑鏂归潰鍋氬嚭浜嗛噸瑕佽础鐚紝鍩瑰吇浜嗗ぇ閲忕瀛︿笓闂ㄤ汉鎵嶃€?/span>鏂芥睗涓哄厛鐢熶簬1931骞村湪鑻辨枃鐗堢殑銆婂浗绔嬫竻鍗庡ぇ瀛︾瀛︽姤鍛娿€嬩笂鍙戣〃浜嗗叿鏈夐噸瑕佹剰涔夌殑涓浗鍥藉唴绗竴绡囩幇浠ｇ瀛︾爺绌惰鏂?/span>“姘寲閾強鍏跺叚姘村悎鐗╅『纾佺鍖栫巼鐨勬祴瀹?/span>”锛?/span>J. W. Shih Determination of the Paramagnetic Susceptibility of Chromic Chloride and Its Hexahydrates Sci. Reports of National Tsing Hua Univ. , 1931, A1: 83锛夈€?/span>1930骞达紝鏂藉厛鐢熻荡缇庡浗浼婂埄璇哄ぇ瀛﹀拰鑰堕瞾澶у鐗╃悊绯诲垎鍒敾璇绘湁鍏崇瀛︾爺绌剁殑纭曞＋鍜屽崥澹浣嶏紝1934骞村鎴愬洖鍥姐€傚湪褰撴椂璁惧湪涓婃捣鐨勪腑澶爺绌堕櫌鐗╃悊鐮旂┒鎵€寤虹珛璧锋垜鍥?span style="COLOR: #c00000">绗竴涓幇浠ｇ瀛︾爺绌剁殑瀹為獙瀹?/span>锛屼粠浜嬬瀛︾爺绌躲€備富瑕佸姪鎵嬫槸浠栨寚瀵间笅鏃跺勾24宀佺殑娼樺瓭纭?/strong>鍏堢敓銆備粬闀挎湡鎷呬换涓浗绉戝闄㈢墿鐞嗙爺绌舵墍鎵€闀匡紝涓烘垜鍥界瀛︾爺绌跺拰鐗╃悊瀛︾爺绌朵簨涓氱殑鍙戝睍鍋氬嚭浜嗚础鐚€?/span>
娼樺瓭纭?/span>锛屼腑鍥借繎浠?/span>纾佸鐮旂┒鐨勫鍩鸿€呭拰寮€鎷撹€呬箣涓€锛屼笌鏂芥睗涓轰竴璧峰缓绔嬩簡涓浗绉戝闄㈠簲鐢ㄧ墿鐞嗙爺绌舵墍纾佸鐮旂┒瀹?/span>銆傚鍚堥噾銆佽杽鑶溿€侀潪鏅舵€佺瓑纾佹€х殑鐮旂┒鍋氬嚭浜嗛噸瑕佽础鐚紝骞跺煿鍏讳簡澶ф壒纾佸浜烘墠銆?/span>娼樺厛鐢?/span>1910骞?/span>10鏈?/span>31鏃ュ嚭鐢熶簬娴欐睙鐪?/span>鍚村叴鍘裤€?/span>1928骞磋€冨叆鍗椾含涓ぎ澶у鐗╃悊绯汇€傚ぇ瀛︽瘯涓氬悗锛岃繘鍏ュ浗绔嬩腑澶爺绌堕櫌鐗╃悊鐮旂┒鎵€浠诲姪鐞嗗憳銆傛渶鍒濆湪涓佽タ鏋?/strong>棰嗗涓嬪弬鍔犲崡浜传閲戝北鍦扮鍙扮殑寤哄彴鍜屽湴纾佽娴嬪伐浣溿€?/span>1934骞存垜鍥借繎浠ｇ瀛︾爺绌剁殑鍏堥┍鍜屽紑鎷撹€呬箣涓€鏂芥睗涓?/strong>浠庣編鍥藉洖鍥斤紝鍙楄仒鍒板浗绔嬩腑澶爺绌堕櫌鐗╃悊鐮旂┒鎵€寮€灞曠墿璐ㄧ鎬х爺绌跺伐浣滐紝娼樺瓭纭曚究琚皟鍒版柦姹濅负缁勪粠浜嬬瀛︾爺绌跺伐浣溿€?/span>1937骞翠粬鍜屾柦姹濅负鍚堜綔鍙戣〃鐨勩€婂悇鍚戝悓鎬ч搧纾佷綋鐨勭鎬с€嬶紝鏄綐瀛濈鍦ㄥ浗鍐呯殑绗竴绡囩瀛︾爺绌惰鏂囥€?/span>1938骞村垵锛屾綐瀛濈璧寸編鐣欏銆傚湪缇庡浗钁楀悕纾佸瀹讹鸡锛庢瘯鐗癸紙锛綁锝旓紞锝旓絽锝掞級鎸囧涓嬫敾璇诲浣嶃€?/span>1939骞达紥鏈堣幏楹荤渷鐞嗗伐瀛﹂櫌鐗╃悊瀛︾澹浣嶏紝1943骞?/span>2鏈堣幏鐞嗗鍗氬＋瀛︿綅銆?/span>1946骞村洖鍥藉墠锛屾浘鍏堝悗浠婚夯鐪佺悊宸ュ闄㈠伐涓氬悎浣滈儴鐮旂┒鍛橈紝鍝堜經澶у姘翠笅澹板疄楠屾墍鐮旂┒鍛橈紝鏂颁鸡鏁︾編鍥芥捣鍐涢儴姘翠笅澹板疄楠屾墍鐮旂┒鍛橈紝浠庝簨鎺㈡祴娼滆墖鐨勫０绾宠缃腑鏈夊叧纾佽嚧浼哥缉瓒呭０鍣ㄤ欢鐨勭爺绌?/span>銆?/span>鍦ㄧ編鍥芥湡闂达紝浠栬櫧浣滀簡鍩虹鎬х殑閾侊紞璐甸噾灞炲拰閾侊紞绋€鍦熼噾灞炲悎閲戠殑纾佹€с€佺鎬у悎閲戠殑纾佸寲鏈哄埗銆侀搧锛嶉晬鍚堥噾鐨勭儹澶勭悊銆佹湁搴忓寲鍜岀鎬э紝浠ュ強涓庤秴澹版崲鑳藉櫒鏈夊叧鐨勭鑷翠几缂╂潗鏂欑瓑鐮旂┒锛屼絾浠栫殑澶ч儴鍒嗙爺绌跺伐浣滄槸鍜?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">鏂芥睗涓?/strong>鍏卞悓寤鸿鎴戝浗绗竴涓粠浜嬪熀纭€纾佸鍜岀鎬ф潗鏂欑爺绌剁殑涓浗绉戝闄㈢墿鐞嗙爺绌舵墍纾佸瀹ょ殑杩囩▼涓繘琛岀殑锛岀爺绌剁殑鍐呭閬嶅強纾佸鍚勪釜棰嗗煙銆?/span>1946骞村洖鍥斤紝鍏堝悗浠诲崡寮€澶у鐗╃悊绯绘暀鎺堛€佺郴涓讳换鍜屽崡浜ぇ瀛︾墿鐞嗙郴鏁欐巿銆?/span>1950骞村璋冨埌涓浗绉戝闄㈠簲鐢ㄧ墿鐞嗙爺绌舵墍锛堝崡浜垎閮級浠荤爺绌跺憳锛屽啀娆′笌鏂芥睗涓?/strong>涓€璧蜂粠浜嬪苟鍙戝睍浜嗙瀛︾爺绌跺伐浣溿€傝€屽悗锛岄殢鐫€鍘熶腑澶爺绌堕櫌鍜屽寳骞崇爺绌堕櫌鐨勫悎骞讹紝杩佸埌鍖椾含銆傚湪浠ュ悗鐨?/span>30澶氬勾閲岋紝浠栦竴鐩翠粠浜嬬瀛︾爺绌讹紝骞跺湪澶ч儴鍒嗘椂闂撮噷鎷呬换纾佸鐮旂┒瀹ょ殑棰嗗锛屽寮€灞曟垜鍥界瀛﹀拰纾佹€ф潗鏂欑殑鐮旂┒銆佹寚瀵煎ぇ瀛︾殑纾佸鏁欏鍜岀瀛︿汉鎵嶇殑鍩瑰吇锛屼互鍙婂浗鍐呭鐨勫鏈氦娴佸仛鍑轰簡閲嶅ぇ璐＄尞銆?/span>
1955骞村悗锛屾綐瀛濈鍚屾柦姹濅负鎻愬嚭寮€灞曢搧姘т綋纾佹€ф潗鏂欏強楂橀纾佹€у拰閾佺鍏辨尟鐨勭爺绌躲€傚湪1956骞村埗瀹?/span>“鍗佷簩骞村彂灞曠瀛︽妧鏈繙鏅鍒?/span>”鏈熼棿锛屼粬鍙傚姞浜嗗叧浜庡叏鍥界瀛﹁鍒掔殑璁ㄨ銆傝鍒掓秹鍙婂埌寰尝銆佺數瀛愯绠楁満绛夋柊鎶€鏈腑鐨勭鎬ф潗鏂欍€?/span>1956骞村悗锛屾柦姹濅负鎷呬换鐗╃悊鐮旂┒鎵€鎵€闀垮悗锛岀瀛﹀鐨勯瀵煎伐浣滃氨涓昏钀藉埌娼樺瓭纭曡韩涓?/span>銆?/span>
娼樺瓭纭?/span>寰堥噸瑙嗕笌鏈夊叧鍗曚綅鐨勫崗浣滃拰纾佸鐨勫鏈椿鍔ㄣ€備粬鍜屽浗鍐呭緢澶氬崟浣嶅閽㈤搧鐮旂┒鎬婚櫌銆佸寳浜瀛︽妧鏈ぇ瀛︼紙鍓嶅寳浜挗閾佸闄級銆佷腑鍥界瀛﹂櫌涓婃捣鍐堕噾鐮旂┒鎵€銆佹矆闃抽噾灞炵爺绌舵墍銆佽タ鍗楀簲鐢ㄧ瀛︾爺绌舵墍銆佸叞宸炲ぇ瀛︾瓑閮芥湁杩囬暱鏈熻壇濂界殑鍚堜綔鍏变簨鍏崇郴銆備粬绉瀬鍙備笌瀛︿細宸ヤ綔鍜屽叏鍥芥€у強鍥介檯鎬х殑纾佸浼氳锛屾帹鍔ㄦ垜鍥界瀛︾殑瀛︽湳浜ゆ祦锛岄噸瑙嗗鏈按骞崇殑鎻愰珮銆備粬鍜屾柦姹濅负楂樼灮杩滅灘锛岀Н鏋佷簤鍙栭€夋淳鐣欏鐢熷埌鍥藉鐣欏锛屽姞蹇煿鍏讳汉鎵嶏紝鏀寔鍜屾帹鑽愮爺绌朵汉鍛樺埌鍥藉璁块棶鍜屽仛涓€娈电爺绌跺伐浣滐紝瀛︿範鍥藉缁忛獙锛涗笉鏂個璇峰鍥借憲鍚嶇瀛﹀鏉ユ墍璁块棶锛岃浠栦滑璁插鎴栧伐浣滐紝浠ヤ究鏇村鐨勪汉鍦ㄦ帴瑙︿腑瀛﹀埌鏂颁笢瑗裤€傚湪鍒涘缓鍜屽彂灞曟垜鍥界瀛﹀拰纾佹€ф潗鏂欑爺绌朵簨涓氫腑锛岀暀涓嬩簡鍙吹鐨勭簿绁炲拰鐗╄川璐㈠瘜锛屼负鍥藉鍩瑰吇浜嗗嚑浠ｇ鐮斿拰鏁欏浜烘墠銆備粬涓烘垜浠爲绔嬩簡涓€涓€煎緱灏婃暚鍜屽涔犵殑绉戝瀹剁殑褰㈣薄锛屾綐瀛濈涓嶆劎涓烘垜鍥界瀛︾晫鐨勪竴浠ｅ畻甯堛€?/span>
1956骞达紝37宀佺殑鏉庤崼杩?/strong>鍏堢敓浠庣編鍥藉洖鍥斤紝浣滀负楂樼骇鐮旂┒鍛樺弬鍔犱簡鐗╃悊鎵€纾佺爺绌跺伐浣溿€?/span>鏉庤崼杩滃厛鐢熸槸鍥介檯涓婃渶鏃╁埄鐢ㄤ腑瀛愭暎灏勭爺绌剁鎬х殑绉戝瀹朵箣涓€锛?/span>1950骞村仛鍑轰簡鍙嶉搧纾佹€х浉鍙樼殑杩戜技鐞嗚銆佹牴鎹秴浜ゆ崲浣滅敤鎺㈣浜嗗ソ鍑犵被杩囨浮鏃忓厓绱犳哀鍖栫墿鏅朵綋鐨勫弽閾佺鎴栦簹閾佺缁撴瀯銆備粬涓?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">鏉庡浗鏍?/strong>鍚堜綔瀵归搧姘т綋杩涜鍏ㄩ潰璋冪爺锛屽悎浣滃啓鍑洪搧姘т綋鐗╃悊瀛﹁涔夛紝1962骞村皢璁蹭箟鏁寸悊鍚庣敱绉戝鍑虹増绀惧彂琛屻€婇搧姘т綋鐗╃悊瀛︺€嬩竴涔︺€備粬瀵圭墿鐞嗘墍纾佸瀹ょ殑纾佹€х悊璁虹爺绌跺伐浣滆捣浜嗛噸瑕佺殑鎺ㄥ姩浣滅敤銆?/font>1980骞?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">鏉庤崼杩?/strong>鍏堢敓褰撻€変负涓浗绉戝闄㈠閮ㄥ鍛橈紙鍚庢敼绉伴櫌澹級銆備粬涓嶅己姹傜儹琛蜂簬鐞嗚鐗╃悊鐨?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">钂插瘜鎭?/strong>鍋氱瀛﹀疄楠岋紝鑰屾槸灏嗕粬閫佸埌鍓嶈嫃鑱旂瀛﹂櫌鏁板鐮旂┒鎵€锛屽笀浠庤憲鍚嶇悊璁虹墿鐞嗗瀹?/font>S.V.Tyablikov銆傚悗鏉?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">钂插瘜鎭?/strong>缁堜簬鍥犵鎬х悊璁虹爺绌剁殑鎴愭灉鑰屽綋閫変负涓浗绉戝闄㈤櫌澹€?/font>
1962骞村拰1963骞达紝娼樺瓭纭?/strong>鍏堢敓鎷涙敹浜嗙墿鐞嗘墍纾佸瀹為獙瀹ゆ渶鏃╃殑鐮旂┒鐢?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">鐜嬮紟鐩?/strong>鍜?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">鏋楁硥銆傜帇榧庣洓闀挎湡浠庝簨钖勮啘纾佹€х殑瀹為獙鐮旂┒鍜岀悊璁虹爺绌讹紝2005骞村綋閫変负涓浗绉戝闄㈤櫌澹€?/font>1963骞?/font>4鏈?/font>8鏃?/font>-14鏃ワ紝鏂芥睗涓?/strong>鍏堢敓鍜屽北涓滃ぇ瀛︾殑閮椿璇?/strong>鍏堢敓绛夊彂璧峰苟浠ヤ腑鍥界數瀛愬浼氬拰鐗╃悊瀛︿細鐨勫悕涔夌粍缁囦簡绗竴灞婂叏鍥界瀛﹀拰纾佹€ф潗鏂欎細璁紝鍏辨湁鐮旂┒鍗曚綅銆佺敓浜т紒涓氥€侀珮绛夐櫌鏍＄殑65涓崟浣?/font>114浣嶄唬琛ㄥ弬鍔狅紝鎶ュ憡浜?/font>85绡囪鏂囷紝鍖呮嫭姘哥銆佽蒋纾併€侀噾灞炵鎬с€侀搧姘т綋纾佹€с€佺煩纾併€佺鎬ц杽鑶溿€佸井娉㈠櫒浠躲€佸井娉㈡祴閲忕瓑鏂归潰銆傜敱姝ゆ垚涓烘儻渚嬶紝鍏ㄥ浗纾佸鍜岀鎬ф潗鏂欎細璁敱澶氫釜瀛︿細瀹氭湡鑱斿悎鍙紑鑷充粖銆?/font>
閮椿璇?/span>锛岀墿鐞嗗瀹躲€佺墿鐞嗘暀鑲插銆傛垜鍥界瀛﹀拰纾佹€ф潗鏂欐暀瀛﹀拰鐮旂┒宸ヤ綔鐨勫鍩轰汉涔嬩竴銆?/span>1906骞?/span>10鏈堝嚭鐢熷湪鍖椾含涓€涓暀甯堝搴€?/span>1922骞磋€冨叆鍖椾含澶у棰勭锛?/span>1925骞撮绉戞瘯涓氾紝鍏ユ湰绉戠墿鐞嗙郴銆?/span>1936骞翠粬鑾峰緱鍏垂鍘荤編鍥界暀瀛︼紝宸插埌鑰岀珛涔嬪勾鐨勯儹璐昏瘹鍐冲績璧?/span>“绉戝鏁戝浗”鐨勯亾璺€傝繖涓€骞?/span>锛欐湀锛屼粬鏉ュ埌缇庡浗鍔犲窞鐞嗗伐瀛﹂櫌銆傚湪杩欓噷锛屼粬涓€鏂归潰缁х画瀛︿範鐞嗚鐭ヨ瘑锛屼竴鏂归潰璺熼殢锛ｏ紟锛わ紟瀹夊痉妫紙锛★綆锝勶絽锝掞綋锝忥綆锛夋暀鎺堣繘琛屽畤瀹欑嚎鐮旂┒銆傚湪寰鍖栫悊璁恒€佺鎬ц杽鑶滃拰闈炴櫠鎬佺鎬х殑鐮旂┒宸ヤ綔涓彇寰椾簡閲嶈鎴愭灉銆傚垱鍔炲北涓滃ぇ瀛︾瀛︿笓涓氬苟寤虹珛浜嗙瀛﹀疄楠屽銆?/span>1939骞达紝閮椿璇氫互浼樼鐨勫涔犳垚缁╁拰鍑鸿壊鐨勭爺绌剁粨鏋滃湪璇ユ牎鑾峰緱浜嗗崥澹浣嶃€傛姉鎴樿儨鍒╁悗锛屼粬鍥炲埌闈掑矝灞变笢澶у浠荤墿鐞嗙郴鏁欐巿锛?/span>1948骞磋浠诲懡涓虹墿鐞嗙郴涓讳换銆備腑鍗庝汉姘戝叡鍜屽浗鎴愮珛鍚庤浠诲懡涓哄北涓滃ぇ瀛︾悊瀛﹂櫌闄㈤暱锛?/span>1952骞磋浠诲懡涓哄北涓滃ぇ瀛﹀壇鏁欏姟闀裤€?/span>1955骞翠互鍚庨儹璐昏瘹涓昏浠庝簨纾佸涓撲笟鐨勬暀瀛﹀伐浣溿€備粬鍦ㄥ崥閲囧悇鍥芥暀鏉愪箣闀跨殑鍩虹涓婏紝缁撳悎鍥藉唴鍙婅嚜宸辩殑鐮旂┒缁撴灉锛岀紪钁楀嚭鐗堜簡涓撹憲銆婇搧纾佸銆嬶紝杩欐湰涔﹀叏闈㈢郴缁熷湴浠嬬粛浜嗙幇浠ｉ搧纾佸鐨勫熀纭€鐞嗚銆佸疄楠岀粨鏋滃強鍙戝睍瓒嬪娍锛屾槸鎴戝浗绗竴閮ㄩ搧纾佸涓撹憲锛?/span>涔熸槸鎴戝浗楂樼瓑闄㈡牎纾佸涓撲笟姝ｅ紡鍑虹増鐨勭涓€閮ㄦ暀鏉愬拰鏁欏鍙傝€冧功锛岄暱鏈熶负鎴戝浗鍚勯珮绛夐櫌鏍′綔涓烘暀鏉愭部鐢ㄨ嚦浠娿€?/span>缇庡浗纾佸涓撳锛诧紟锛︼紟鍙稿緬鍕嬶紙锛筹綇锝忥綀锝忥綇锛夊拰鏃ユ湰纾佸涓撳杩戣鑱俊閮藉杩欐湰涔︾粰浜堜簡寰堥珮鐨勮瘎浠枫€?/span> 浠栬繕缂栧啓浜嗐€婄鎬ф潗鏂欑墿鐞嗐€嬭涔夈€傚湪杩欐湰璁蹭箟涓紝浠栭伩鍏嶅簲鐢ㄥ鏉傜殑鏁板鎺ㄥ锛屼絾鎶婁富瑕佸師鐞嗕緷鐒惰寰楁竻娓呮妤氥€?/span> 浠?/span>1929骞撮儹璐昏瘹浠庝簨澶у鏁欒偛璧凤紝鎵ф暀50浣欏勾锛屼负鎴戝浗鍩瑰吇浜嗗嚑浠ｇ墿鐞嗗浜烘墠銆?/span> 鍦ㄤ粬鐨勯瀵间笅锛屽北涓滃ぇ瀛﹀缓璧蜂簡鍏锋湁鍥藉唴鍏堣繘姘村钩鐨勭瀛﹀疄楠屽锛岃繖涓疄楠屽鍦ㄦ垜鍥界殑纾佸鐮旂┒鍜屾暀瀛﹀伐浣滀腑鍙戞尌浜嗛噸瑕佷綔鐢ㄣ€傚湪杩欐湡闂达紝浠栦负鍥藉鍩瑰吇浜嗕竴鎵瑰張涓€鎵圭墿鐞嗗绉戞妧浜烘墠銆傜壒鍒槸浠栦粠浜嬬瀛︽暀瀛︿互鍚庯紝浠栧煿鍏荤殑纾佸涓撲笟浜哄憳鏇存槸閬嶅竷鍏ㄥ浗銆傘€€銆€
1984骞达紝浠栧湪瀵归潪鏅舵€佺鎬ц繘琛屽骞寸爺绌剁殑鍩虹涓婏紝涓庣帇闇囪タ鍏卞悓涓荤紪鍑虹増浜嗐€婇潪鏅舵€佺墿鐞嗗銆嬶紝杩欐槸鎴戝浗绗竴閮ㄧ郴缁熻杩伴潪鏅舵€佺墿鐞嗙殑涓撹憲銆傚湪杩欐湰涔︿腑锛屼粬涓庢綐瀛濈鍏卞悓鎾板啓浜?/span> “闈炴櫠鎬佺鎬?/span>” 涓€绔犮€傚湪闀挎湡鐨勫鏈氦娴佸拰浜ゅ線涓紝閮椿璇?/strong>鍜屾垜鍥界瀛︾晫鐨?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">鏂芥睗涓恒€佹綐瀛濈銆佹埓绀兼櫤缁撲负鎸氬弸銆備粬浠翰瀵嗘棤闂寸殑鍚堜綔绮剧锛屼负鎴戝浗纾佸鐣屾爲绔嬩簡鑹ソ鐨勬鏍枫€?/span>
鎴寸ぜ鏅?/span>锛岀瀛﹀锛屽喍閲戝瀹躲€?/span>1907骞?/span>2鏈?/span>21鏃ュ嚭鐢熶簬鍥涘窛涓囧幙涓€涓數鎶ュ眬鑱屽憳瀹跺涵銆傜绫嶆箹鍖楃渷榛勯檪鍘裤€備粬鍦ㄤ腑澶ぇ瀛︼紝鍏堟湡涓讳慨鍖栧锛屽悗鏀逛慨鐗╃悊銆傜墿鐞嗚鐢辫憲鍚嶇殑鐗╃悊瀛﹀鍚存湁璁€佹柟鍏夊溁銆佹煡璋︾瓑鏁欐巿浠绘暀锛涚數纾佸鐢卞€皻杈炬暀鎺堟媴浠汇€傚€暀鎺堝姏涓诲鐢熶翰鑷姩鎵嬪仛瀹為獙鍙婂埗浣滀华鍣紝骞剁粡甯稿鎴寸ぜ鏅鸿锛?/span>“娌℃湁纾侀挗锛屾垜鍥界殑鐢靛櫒涓庣數鏈哄埗閫犱笟灏辨棤娉曞彂灞曘€?/span>”杩欐槸鎴寸ぜ鏅烘棩鍚庝粠浜嬬鎬ф潗鏂欑爺绌剁殑鐩存帴鍘熷洜銆?/span>1932骞存埓绀兼櫤澶у姣曚笟鍚庯紝鏇剧煭鏃堕棿鍦ㄩ暱娌欑绔嬪渤浜戜腑瀛︿换鐗╃悊璇炬暀鍛樸€備笉涔咃紝琚腑澶ぇ瀛﹁仒涓虹墿鐞嗙郴鍔╂暀锛屽叾闂达紝浠栦笓绋嬫嫓璁夸簡鍒氫粠缇庡浗鐣欏鍥炲埌涓婃捣鐨?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">鏂芥睗涓?/strong>鏁欐巿锛屼簡瑙ｅ浗澶栫瀛﹀彂灞曞姩鍚戙€傚悗鐢卞湪鐕曚含澶у浠绘暀鐨勭彮濞佸粔锛堬挤锝夛綄锝岋綁锝侊綅 锛絹锝庯絼锛夋暀鎺堝悜鑻卞浗浼︽暒澶у璐濊尐锛堬棘锛庯鸡锛庯饥锝侊綌锝咃綋锛夋暀鎺堟帹鑽愶紝1934骞存埓绀兼櫤鑰冨彇浜嗘暀鑲查儴鐣欒嫳鍏垂鐢熴€傚悓骞达紝杩涘叆鑻卞浗浼︽暒澶у鐗╃悊绯诲涔犮€傝嚜1934骞磋嚦1937骞达紝浠栧湪钁楀悕纾佸瀹惰礉鑼ㄦ暀鎺堟寚瀵间笅锛岃幏寰椾簡鍗氬＋瀛︿綅銆傛埓绀兼櫤閬典粠瀵煎笀鎰忚锛岃繘鍏ュ痉鍥戒簹鐞涘伐绉戝ぇ瀛﹀涔犲喍閲戠悊璁猴紝鍚屾椂杩涜浣庣⒊閽㈡繁鍐叉€ц兘鍙婃苯杞︺€侀攨鐐夌敤閽㈢殑鐮旂┒銆備粬骞跺緱鍒板崡浜浗姘戞斂搴滆祫婧愬鍛樹細鐨勮祫鍔╋紝寰椾互鍒拌嵎鍏般€佸崲妫牎銆佷腹楹﹀拰鐟炲吀绛夊浗鑰冨療閽㈤搧宸ヤ笟銆?/span>1939骞存埓绀兼櫤鍥炲埌绁栧浗锛屽埌閲嶅簡鍙傚姞鍏靛伐缃叉潗鏂欒瘯楠屽宸ヤ綔銆傚綋鏃舵鍊兼姉鏃ユ垬浜夋椂鏈燂紝灞卞煄閲嶅簡鐨勭敓娲讳笌宸ヤ綔鏉′欢鍧囧樊锛岃€屼粬鐨勭儹鎯呭緢楂橈紝鐜囧厛鎴愬姛鍦扮爺鍒朵簡閽ㄩ挗姘哥鏉愭枡銆?/span>1946锝?/span>1947骞翠粬鍒板崡浜紝鍦ㄨ祫婧愬鍛樹細閽㈤搧绠＄悊澶勫伐浣滐紝宸ヤ綔涔嬩綑锛岀紪鍐欏苟鍑虹増浜嗐€婄鎬ф潗鏂欍€嬩竴涔︺€傜粡鑻卞浗钁楀悕鐨勪腑鍥界鎶€鍙插瀹舵潕绾︾憻锛堬吉锛庯籍锝咃絽锝勶綀锝侊綅锛夌殑浠嬬粛锛屼粬浜?/span>1948锝?/span>1949骞村埌缇庡浗鍗″唴鍩哄闄粠浜嬬鎬ф潗鏂欑爺绌讹紝鍒╃敤锛稿皠绾垮垎鏋愭柟娉曠爺绌惰蒋纾佸悎閲戠鍦虹儹澶勭悊鍚庣殑缁撴瀯鍙樺寲銆?/span>1949骞翠粬鎬€鐫€鎶ユ晥绁栧浗鐨勮丹璇氾紝鍐嶆浠庡浗澶栧綊鏉ワ紝璐熻矗绛瑰缓涓婃捣鐭垮喍灞€璇曢獙瀹わ紙鍗充笂娴烽挗閾佺爺绌舵墍鐨勫墠韬級銆傝璇曢獙瀹ゆ垚绔嬪悗锛屼负褰撴椂涓婃捣鍜屽崕涓滃湴鍖虹殑鍐堕噾浼佷笟瑙ｅ喅浜嗙敓浜т腑鍑虹幇鐨勮澶氭妧鏈棶棰橈紝瀵逛笂娴峰拰鍗庝笢鍦板尯鐨勫喍閲戜紒涓氭仮澶嶇敓浜у強鎻愰珮浜у搧璐ㄩ噺锛岃捣鍒颁簡涓€瀹氫綔鐢ㄣ€?/span>1953骞翠粬鍑轰换閲嶅伐涓氶儴閽㈤搧宸ヤ笟璇曢獙鐮旂┒鎵€锛堝喍閲戦儴閽㈤搧鐮旂┒鎬婚櫌鍓嶈韩锛夊壇鎵€闀裤€備粬杩樹翰鑷弬鍔犱笌涓绘寔鍐疯涧纭呴挗鐗囩瓑鏈夊叧閲戝睘纾佹€ф潗鏂欑殑鐮旂┒璇鹃銆備粬瀵硅瀹ょ杞煩鍜?/span>X灏勭嚎琛嶅皠绛夊疄楠屾妧鏈殑寤虹珛锛岃捣浜嗛噸瑕佷綔鐢ㄣ€?/span> 浠栭娆″彂鐜板惈閾嬨€侀摐鐨勬睘鍚堥噾鍏锋湁椤虹鎬с€備粬鐮斿埗寮€鍙戠殑閽ㄩ挗姘哥鏉愭枡锛屽～琛ヤ簡鎴戝浗绌虹櫧銆備粬鎵€浠庝簨鐨勫伐涓氱函閾併€侀晬閾併€佺閾佺殑缁囨瀯鐮旂┒鐨勫惈閾屻€侀摑绛夊厓绱犵殑纭潯鑾悎閲戜互鍙婂惈閾介拹鍏冪礌鐨勭█鍦熷厓绱犵殑绋€鍦熷寲鍚堢墿纾佹€х瓑椤硅棰橈紝鍏锋湁鍥藉唴鍏堣繘姘村钩銆傝繎骞存埓绀兼櫤杩樿嚧鍔涗簬纾佸鍘嗗彶鐮旂┒銆傚煿鍏讳簡涓€鎵圭鎶€浜烘墠銆?/span>鎴寸ぜ鏅?/span>鏄浗鍐呬韩鏈夌洓鍚嶇殑纾佸涓撳涔嬩竴锛屼粬涔熸槸瀛︽湳鍥綋鐨勭儹蹇冨弬鍔犺€呫€?/span>1932骞达紝缁?strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">鏂芥睗涓?/strong>銆佽档蹇犲哀浠嬬粛鍔犲叆涓浗鐗╃悊瀛︿細锛屾垚涓烘棭鏈熶細鍛樸€?/span>鍦ㄩ暱杈?/span>60骞寸殑宸ヤ綔涓紝鎴寸ぜ鏅虹洿鎺ャ€侀棿鎺ュ湴鍩瑰吇浜嗕紬澶氱殑鍐堕噾浜烘墠锛岀壒鍒槸閲戝睘纾佹€ф潗鏂欑殑寮€鍙戜笌鐮旂┒浜烘墠銆?/span>
绔犵患锛?/span>钁楀悕鏅朵綋瀛﹀銆佺瀛﹀銆?/span>1929骞?/span>5鏈?/span>16鏃ョ敓锛?/span>瀹滃叴瀹滃煄闀囦汉銆傜幇浠讳腑鍥界瀛﹂櫌鐗╃悊鐮旂┒鎵€鐮旂┒鍛橈紝涓浗绉戝闄㈤櫌澹€?/span>1948骞村湪閲嶅簡鍗楀紑涓瀹屾垚瀛︿笟銆傚苟浜?/span>1948骞村叆涓ぎ澶у锛堝悗鏇村悕涓?/span>鍗椾含澶у锛夌悊瀛﹂櫌鐗╃悊绯诲涔?/span>锛?/span>1952骞?/span>7鏈堟瘯涓氫簬鍗椾含澶у鐗╃悊绯汇€?/span>1952骞磋嚦浠婁竴鐩村湪涓浗绉戝闄㈢墿鐞嗙爺绌舵墍宸ヤ綔銆?/span>1958骞翠互鍓嶇敤X灏勭嚎绮夋湯琛嶅皠涓轰富鐨勬柟娉曠爺绌朵簡Al锛?/span>Cu锛?/span>Ni涓夊厓鍚堥噾绯荤殑閮ㄥ垎鐩稿浘锛岃В鍐充簡鍏朵腑τ鐩哥殑缁撴瀯鍙樿縼闂銆?/span>60骞翠唬鍏堝悗鍦ㄨ嫃鑱旂瀛﹂櫌鍗婂浣撶爺绌舵墍鍜岀墿鐞嗘墍浠庝簨杞閾佹哀浣撶殑鐮旂┒銆?/span>70骞翠唬鏇惧畬鎴愬嚑椤圭壒娈婄敤閫旂殑灏忓瀷纾佷粙璐ㄦ帴鏀跺ぉ绾跨殑浠诲姟绛夊伐浣溿€?/span>80骞翠唬涓昏浠庝簨绉戠爺绠＄悊宸ヤ綔锛屽悓鏃舵媴浠讳腑娉曞悎浣滃湪鎴戝浗寤洪€犱笁鍙颁腑瀛愭暎灏勮氨浠殑涓柟璐熻矗浜恒€傝繎鍑犲勾涓昏寮€灞曠敤涓瓙鏁ｅ皠鐮旂┒鍑濊仛浣撲互鍙婃潗鏂欑粨鏋勫拰纾佹€с€佺數鎬х瓑鐮旂┒宸ヤ綔銆?/span>
鏉ㄥ簲鏄?/span>锛?/span>1934骞寸敓锛屽寳浜競浜恒€備腑绉戦櫌闄㈠＋銆佺墿鐞嗗瀹?/span>銆?/span>1958骞存瘯涓氫簬鍖椾含澶у鐗╃悊绯伙紝鐣欐牎浠绘暀鑷充粖銆傛湡闂存浘鍦ㄦ硶鍥藉浗瀹剁鐮斾腑蹇冭矾鏄?/span>.濂堝皵瀹為獙瀹ゅ拰缇庡浗瀵嗚嫃閲?/span>-缃楁媺澶у鏉愭枡鐮旂┒涓績宸ヤ綔銆傛潹搴旀槍鐮旂┒鐗╄川鐨勭鎬э紝鐮旂┒瀹忚纾佹€т笌寰缁撴瀯鐨勮仈绯伙紝浠ュ熀纭€鐮旂┒涓哄厛瀵硷紝缁撳悎鎴戝浗璧勬簮鐗圭偣锛屽湪鎺㈢储鏂扮浉锛屽彂鐜版柊鏁堝簲锛屽紑鍙戞柊鍨嬬█鍦熺鎬ф潗鏂欐柟闈㈠彇寰椾竴绯诲垪鍦ㄥ浗闄呬笂棰嗗厛鐨勭爺绌舵垚鏋溿€備富瑕佷粠浜嬬墿璐ㄧ鎬х殑鐮旂┒涓庢暀瀛﹀伐浣溿€傞娆″悎鎴愬叿鏈?/span>ThMn12 鍨嬬粨鏋勫瘜閾佺殑鏂扮浉骞堕€氳繃涓瓙琛嶅皠鐮旂┒鏄庣‘浜嗚缁撴瀯鐨勭壒鐐逛笌褰㈡垚鏉′欢銆傛渶鏃╃爺鍒舵垚鍔熷鍏?/span>Nd2 (Fe銆?/span>Al銆?/span>Co)14 B鍨嬬浣擄紝鍙悓鏃舵彁楂樼浣撶殑鐭〗鍔涘拰灞呴噷娓╁害銆傚彂鐜颁簡 Nd-Fe-N绯诲拰 Pr-Fe-N绯绘柊鍨嬫案纾佹潗鏂欏苟棣栧厛纭畾浜嗗绉嶄笉鍚岀被鍨嬬█鍦熸爱鍖栫墿鐨勬櫠浣撶粨鏋勶紝闃愭槑浜嗗湪绋€鍦燂紞閾侀噾灞為棿鍖栧悎鐗╀腑鐨勯棿闅欏師瀛愭晥搴斻€?/span>1997骞村綋閫変负涓浗绉戝闄㈤櫌澹?/span>銆?/span>
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鍙傝€冩枃鐚細
鐧惧害鐧剧
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