The main gap in LED lighting technology in China is that the core equipment and raw materials still need to be imported. Domestic LED enterprises have a strong demand for equipment and materials. The proportion of imports from upstream to downstream of the industry shows a trend from high to low.
At present, the output of LED chips and epitaxy chips supplied by our country is still relatively limited. The products are mainly middle and low-grade, and the research and development technology is weak, and about 85% of high-power chips have to rely on imports. The existing LED chip technology in China mainly follows the development of foreign technology. There are few original technologies, lack of sustainable research and development at the basic level, and no patent system of independent intellectual property rights has been formed. To this end, the government has issued various support policies, which have increased the support for the localization of key equipment materials. By encouraging intra-industry cooperation and the combination of production, education and research, the process of promoting the technology development and application of LED lighting industry in China has been gradually accelerated.
For the packaging and application of LED lighting industry, domestic LED lighting will gradually upgrade to the packaging of high-end products and light source products, in order to improve the domestic existing LED packaging and lighting applications are still mainly in the low-end market application level.
In the future, with the rapid development of LED technology, the cost of LED lighting will decrease year by year. According to the US forecast of LED lighting technology and application, in 2012 and 2020, the cost of LED lighting ownership (including the total cost of the entire cycle from purchase, operation to end of life) will be lower than 1/3 and 1/5 of 2007 levels, respectively. The reduction of LED lighting cost and the stabilization of technology will effectively promote the vigorous development of LED lighting market, accelerate the speed of replacing traditional lighting by LED lighting, and gradually expand the penetration in the field of lighting application.
II. Overview of the Development of LED Lighting Industry
Globally, the LED lighting industry has formed an industrial distribution and competition pattern dominated by the United States, Europe and Asia. At present, the United States, Japan and Europe have advanced product research and development technology and innovation advantages of the LED industry, mainly engaged in the production of high value-added LED products. At the same time, major manufacturers in the United States, Japan and Europe are actively expanding their production and accelerating their seizure of the global market.
In recent years, the rapid rise of LED industry in mainland China and Taiwan has developed into packaging production occupies the first place in the world, output value occupies the second place in the world, and Taiwan's advantages in chip research and development and production are gradually emerging.
Driven by the national semiconductor lighting project, China has initially formed a relatively complete LED industry chain including LED chips, LED packaging and LED applications, and has formed an industrial pattern of four large areas and seven major bases, namely, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Fujian River Delta and the northern Bohai Rim region as the gathering place for the development of LED industry, as well as Shanghai, Dalian, Nanchang, Xiamen, Xiamen, etc. Shenzhen, Yangzhou and Shijiazhuang are seven national industrial bases for semiconductor lighting engineering.
In the structure of LED industry chain, the upstream industry of LED belongs to technology and capital intensive industry. It has high requirements for capital and technology and high entry threshold. At present, there is still a big gap between domestic production and R&D technology and developed countries. The middle and lower reaches of the industry belong to the technology and labor-intensive industry. The demand for technology and capital is relatively low. It is a fast development link of domestic LED industry. The gap between domestic and foreign markets has been significantly reduced.
III. Positive Policy Environment for LED Lighting
At present, the policy guidance role of various countries to the development of LED lighting industry has been strengthened. Governments in Europe, the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia and South Korea have launched national semiconductor lighting plans one after another, and responded to the lighting reform by issuing an incandescent lamp ban within a certain period of time.
Due to the rapid development of China's economy, the domestic electricity shortage occurred in 2003. The government clearly pointed out that "vigorously promote new energy-saving technologies and new products, strive to reduce urban lighting power consumption - actively promote semiconductor (LED) lighting", and in June has officially launched the "National Semiconductor Lighting Project". At the same time, as part of the energy strategy, LED lighting has been included in the "863 Plan" of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the outline of the "11th Five-Year Plan" of the country. At the end of 2008, the state promulgated the "Ten Cities and Ten Thousands" project plan, and expanded to 21 pilot cities in 2009. From the perspective of market demand, the rapid development of LED lighting industry was promoted. In October this year, six ministries and commissions jointly issued the "Semiconductor Lighting Energy-saving Industry Development Opinions", which has become the core policy to guide and promote the development of the industry.
At present, the State supports the development of LED lighting industry in an all-round way by establishing a national semiconductor lighting project research and development and industrial alliance, introducing various financial support, regional and industrial development planning and other policy means.
In order to respond positively to the policy guidance of the state, Zhejiang Province has officially promulgated "Opinions on the Promotion, Application and Industrial Development of New Energy such as Photovoltaic Energy" in the first half of this year, and strengthened support for energy-saving and environmental protection industries such as semiconductor lighting. At the same time, the Hangzhou government has also taken active action to launch a three-year plan of action for the development of Hangzhou's LED industry recently, to accelerate the development of Hangzhou's LED industry, to build a low-carbon economy, and to take the LED industry as the strategic focus of Hangzhou's economic transformation and upgrading, thus driving the rapid growth of regional economy.
IV. Application Prospect of Domestic LED Lighting Market
Driven by extremely favorable policies, the domestic LED lighting industry has an optimistic development environment and huge market potential. Based on the LED luminous efficiency, it breaks through the limitation of traditional light source, and provides technical guarantee for LED to enter the lighting industry. And from the city
